巻号一覧
40 巻, 10 号
選択された号の論文の16件中1～16を表示しています
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1970年夏期における成体型の夜昼移動安田 徹1974 年 40 巻 10 号 p. 971-975
発行日: 1974/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーFrom August 19-20, 1970, the diel vertical migration of Aurelia aurita population during a period of 23 hours was investigated at the outer-western part of Urazoko Bay, Fukui Prefecture. Methods of sampling and environmental analysis were approximately the same as those employed in the previous studies.
The results obtained are summarized as follows:
1) The medusae collected ranged from 5 to 17cm in bell-diameter and almost all of them were confirmed immature. They were distributed at the bottom layer below 10 meters during the daytime (11:00-15:00) in fine weather. However, about 50 percent of them distinctly swam up at 17:00 to the middle layer about 6 meters deep before sunset. During the dark hours, most of them were collected from the bottom layer. Thereafter, a small percent of medusae migrated to the surface at 5:40 shortly after sunrise the next morning, but the main distribution layer moved to the bottom layer at 9:05, when it was fine.
2) Although the most important factor controlling the migration of Aurelia medusae was again confirmed to be underwater illumination, temperature above 30°C seemed to restrict their activity toward the surface layer.
3) The sinking or refloating velocity of the medusa was estimated to be around 3 meters/hour.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (322K) -
“過熟卵”の形態ならびに出現時期野村 稔, 酒井 清, 隆島 史夫1974 年 40 巻 10 号 p. 977-984
発行日: 1974/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIt has been frequently observed that during the stripping operation of the female rainbow trout, some eggs known as “over-ripened ova” contain oil globules which form into a lump. Furthermore, the yolk of such egg is characterized by a semi-transparency. It was confirmed from the present study that these eggs are not the products of abnormal ovarian function, but instead characterize a condition caused by an extended in situ existence within the body cavity following ovulation. This process of over-ripening could be divided into four stages according to the following description: normal ova immediately following ovulation (stage I) early stage of over-ripening (staeg II), followed by over-ripened ova (stage III), which then transform into the irregularly shaped ova with considerable decrease in their material content (stage IV). The progressive formation of over-ripened eggs, stage II, III and IV eggs could be generally recognized at about the 10th, 30th and 35th day following ovulation, respectively. During this process of over-ripening, partial collapse of the cortical alveoli and formation of a blastoderm-like structure permiated with oil globules occured. In the course of water-induced activation of eggs, the collapse of the cortical alveoli was restricted and bipolar differentiation was retarded in over-ripened eggs.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1270K) -
エビの成長に伴う性発達ならびにその転換について柏木 正章1974 年 40 巻 10 号 p. 985-992
発行日: 1974/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe paper deals with the sex differentiation as observed in the secondary sexual characters and gonad of the “Hokkai-ebi”, and the study was made in order to know the correlation between sex development and growth of the prawn.
The prawns mature as males during the first fall, six or seven months after hatching, and the majority of them reverse their sex characteristics and become true females by the second fall though a few remain as males. Subsequently all the animals turn into females by about twenty six months after hatching. The body lengths of the male, the transitional forms, and the female are under 83mm, 47-99mm and 80-109mm respectively.
Both the male and female in the area where the present study was conducted are smaller than those in both Notsuke and Akkeshi Bay, Hokkaido. This may be caused by the fact that the age of maturity to be males and females is younger in the present bay than in the two places of Hokkaido, because most prawns in the Hokkaido area seem to function as males twice in succession during the first two or three years.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (936K) -
エビ漕網の海上実験藤石 昭生, 石塚 敏明1974 年 40 巻 10 号 p. 993-997
発行日: 1974/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーField experiments were carried out uslng a polyethylene shrimp drag in order to make clear the differences in the towing resistance between the gear with a cover-net for mesh selection and one without the covernet. The experiments were conducted in the waters with a muddy bottom under calm sea conditions. We measured the warp tension at its foremost end in relation to the towing speed under drag trawling condition and also when keeping the gear in the layer dose to the surface. The results indicate that in the ease of the gear with the cover-net the towing resistance increased by about 20% in comparing with the resistance when the cover-net was detached from the gear, and also the frictional resistance amounted to about 35% of the whole towing resistance.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (276K) -
大阪湾の汚染海域に存在する細菌と有機物濃度との関係石田 祐三郎, 門田 元1974 年 40 巻 10 号 p. 999-1005
発行日: 1974/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーWith water sample collected at several stations in Osaka Bay the ratio in number of bacteria which formed colonies on nutrient-rich medium (Zl-bacteria) to those which formed colonies on nutrient-poor medium (Z/20-bacteria) was examined. The ratio was found to increase in pararell to the concentration of dissolved organic substances probably brought into the bay by environmental pollution.
There were some correlations between taxonomical types of Zl- and Z/20-bacteria and their responses with respect to the colony formation to different concentrations of organic nutrients.
The dominant bacteria of Zl-bacteria in waters containing high concentratoin of organic substances were found to belong to the Acinetobacter group.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (379K) -
束田 脩, 河原 孝義, 高田 英夫1974 年 40 巻 10 号 p. 1007-1013
発行日: 1974/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn salt-free and saline media containing NaCl at the concentrations up to 1.0M, on the dry weight basis, the growth of a strain MY701 of Chlorella saccharophila, grown autotrophically, was promoted more significantly in 0.5M NaCl medium than in salt-free medium at 72hr-incubation. The highest growth rate was observed in 0.5M NaCl medium for during 24hrs from 48 to 72hr.
LiCl at 0.5M concentration did not stimulate significantly the growth rate as NaCl did. The promotion of the growth rate of this strain in 0.5M NaCl medium resulted from the enhanced photosynthetic rate associated with the increase in the respiratory rate.
When a strain TK66 of Chlorella vulgaris was used instead of the present material, this fact was not the case.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (374K) -
手島 新一, 金沢 昭夫, 岡本 春人1974 年 40 巻 10 号 p. 1015-1019
発行日: 1974/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThis study deals with the absorption of sterols and cholesterol esters in a prawn, Penaeus japonics. The apparent percentage absorption of these substances was estimated by an indirect method using chromium oxide as an indicator. The sterols and cholesteryl esters examined gave percentage absorptions of 60.8-98.8% and 67.0-87.3%, respectively. The cholesterol level in the diet affected somewhat the percentage absorption of cholesterol in this prawn. The prawns fed on the 0.05-1.0%, levels of cholesterol showed similar percentage absorptions whereas the high doses (2.0% and 5.0%) of diet cholesterol caused a decrease in the percentage absorption of cholesterol.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (301K) -
ジメチルアミンを生成する酵素反応について富岡 和子, 大串 純子, 遠藤 金次1974 年 40 巻 10 号 p. 1021-1026
発行日: 1974/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーEnzymic formation of dimethylamine and formaldehyde from trimethylamine oxide by an extract of the acetone powder prepared from the pyloric caeca of Theragra chalcogramma was examined under various conditions, and a method was established for the assay of the enzyme activity., That is, under anaerobic condition in Thunberg tube, a mixture of 0.5ml of 0.1M trimethylamine oxide, 1.0ml of 0.1mM methylene blue, and 0.5ml of chicken liver extract was incubated with an aliquot of the crude enzyme at 30°C, pH 5.0, and the dimethylamine or formaldehyde formed during the incubation period was measured.
Some properties of the enzymic reaction were also investigated. Results obtained were as follows:
1) The optimum pH of the enzyme reaction was 5.0, but the enzyme was most stable at pH 6.2 on heating.
2) The enzyme was labile on heating at temperatures higher than 40°C.
3) As for the substances examined, the enzymic reaction was specific for tertiary amine N-oxide.
4) The enzymic reaction was stimulated by Fe2+, L-Ascorbic acid, FMN, or betaine, and inhibited by Fe3+, Cu2+, EDTA, trimethylamine, or choline.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (386K) -
Jean-Claude GUARY, 鹿山 光, 村上 豊1974 年 40 巻 10 号 p. 1027-1032
発行日: 1974/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーOvary, hepatopancreas and muscle of prawn, Penaeus japonicus Bate, were analyzed for lipid class distribution. Ovary and hepatopancreas are the main lipid storage organs, triglycerides being their major lipid component while muscle contains mainly cholesterol and phospholipids. The fatty acid composition of prawn was similar to that in other marine animals, palmitic acid and ω 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids predominating in both males and females. However, the ovary of female prawn contains more monounsaturated fatty acids than do the other parts of the body. It is certain that this is related to the elaboration of triglycerides as energy reserves in this organ.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (312K) -
高士 令二, 室塚 剛志, 新井 健一1974 年 40 巻 10 号 p. 1033-1041
発行日: 1974/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAttempts were made to prepare heavy meromyosin (HMM) by tryptic digestion of dorsal muscle myosin from tilapia, Tilapia mossambica, and the biochemical properties of HMM from tilapia and rabbit were compared.
1) Results from gel filtration of HMM on a Sephadex G-200 column showed that tilapia myosin was digested by trypsin into smaller fragments more quickly than rabbit skeletal myosin.
2) Various effectors, such as KCl, Ca2+, Mg2+, PCMB, EDTA, actin and pH, showed essentially the same effects on tilapia HMM ATPase activity as on that of rabbit HMM.
3) It was recognized that tilapia HMM combine with F-actin revealed the identical characteristics of rabbit acto-HMM; that is, high ATP-sensitivity and the enhancement of Mg2+-ATPase activity.
4) The most remarkable differences between tilapia and rabbit HMM were observed in the thermo-stability of their Ca2+-ATPase activity. In 0.6M KCl (pH 7.0) the rates of inactivation of HMM from tilapia and rabbit at 30°C were found to be 15.0×10-5 sec-1 and 4.60×10-5 sec-1, which values are comparable to the rates of their respective myosins.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1152K) -
シログチおよびアカカマスとコイの筋肉内アルカリ性プロテアーゼの諸性質の比較岩田 和士, 小橋 恭一, 長谷 純一1974 年 40 巻 10 号 p. 1043-1050
発行日: 1974/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe properties of purified alkaline proteases from white muscle of white croaker, Argyrosomus argentatus and barracuda, Sphyraena schlegeli, were studied and compared with those from carp muscle. The sedimentation constant (S020, w) and molecular weight were determined to be 19.6 S and 9.2×105 in the case of white croaker enzyme and 19.4S and 7.8×105 in the case of barracuda enzyme, respectively. These values were almost similar to the respective values for carp enzyme, i.e. 19.3S and 7.8×105. When the effects of temperature for 40min incubation were compared, the enzymes isolated from white croaker and barracuda reacted maximally at 61-63°C which is slightly lower than the optimal reaction temperature of the carp enzyme. The optimal pH of the marine fish enzymes ranged between 7.8 and 8.2, similar to that of the carp enzyme for caseinolysis. In contrast with carp enzyme which retained approximately 100% of the activity after heating at 60°C for 10 min, white croaker enzyme was completely inactivated and barracuda enzyme, by approximately 60%. The activities of the marine fish enzymes were stable in the pH range from 5.5 to 10.0 at 3°C for 20 hr. This range was slightly narrower than that of carp enzyme which is stable in the pH range of 4.5 to 10.0. No conspicuous differences were found between the properties of the marine fish enzymes and the carp enzyme.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1431K) -
かまぼこの“もどり”におよぼすコイの筋肉内アルカリ性プロテアーゼの影響岩田 和士, 小橋 恭一, 長谷 純一1974 年 40 巻 10 号 p. 1051-1058
発行日: 1974/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThese investigations were performed to clarify the effects of the alkaline protease purified from white muscle of carp, Cyprinus carpio and its potent inhibitors upon the “Modori” phenomenon in Kamaboko prepared from carp white muscle. The enzymatic activity was not inhibited by chicken egg white, soybean trypsin inhibitor, carp plasma, TLCK or t-AMCHA, but was considerably inhibited by leupeptin, ovomucoid, TPCK, antipain, K3, NEM and NBS. Therefore, the enzymatic properties of this protease seem to be similar to those of α-chymotrypsin. The degree of “Modori” of Kamaboko prepared from the washed muscle was considerably less than that from the unwashed muscle, though about 70% of the enzymatic activity still remained in the washed muscle. This result could be explained by the inhibitory effect of added sodium chloride on the enzymatic activity. However, the “Modori” phenomenon in Kamaboko prepared from the unwashed muscle was not prevented by the addition of enzyme inhibitors such as K3, NEM, or NBS, and only partially by leupeptin. And also the elasticity of Kamaboko prepared from the muscle which was treatd to remove most of the enzyme and sarcoplasmic proteins was not reduced by the addition of the enzyme. From these results it may be concluded that the enzyme in muscle does not take part in the “Modori” phenomenon in Kamaboko production.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (532K) -
堀江 進, 日名子 数重1974 年 40 巻 10 号 p. 1059-1062
発行日: 1974/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe bacterial flora in 9 solar salt samples imported in 1972 were investigated. Bacterial counts were conducted by the smear plate method using media containing 0, 5, 5, 12, and 25% NaCl. In general, the highest bacterial counts, ranging from 103 to 105 bacteria per gram of salt, were obtained in 25% NaCl medium.
It was shown that most of the bacteria present in salt samples could not grow in 5% or less NaCl. Among 63 strains isolated from 25% NaCl containing medium 49 were identified as genus Halobacterium. These organisms were obligately aerobic, catalase positive, non-motile, rod-shaped, and required at least 12%. NaCl for growth, with the optimal salt concentration being in the range of 20 to 30%. They failed to produce hydrogen sulfide and indole. Most of them produced water insoluble red pigment, and produced nitrite from nitrate. In addition to the rod-shaped bacteria described above, 2 strains of red-colored, extremely halophilic coccus, Micrococcus morrhuae, were isolated. Furthermore, a few strains of rods or cocci which were able to grow in the range of 5 to 25% NaCl were found. Among these organisms the pigmented rod forms were identified as genus Flavobacterium, and the cocci were Micrococcus.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (233K) -
Riji TAKASHI, Takashi MUROZUKA, Ken-ichi ARAI1974 年 40 巻 10 号 p. 1063-1069
発行日: 1974/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーComparisons were made by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of myosin from dorsal muscle of tilapia, Tilapia mossambica, carp, Cyprinus carpio, and skeletal muscle of rabbit. Consequently significant differences in the molecular weights of the light chains in these myosins were found.
Rabbit myosin has three distinct light chains with molecular weights of 25, 000 (LC1), 18, 500 (LC2), and 14, 000 (LC3) respectively. Tilapia myosin contains three light chains, two of which with molecular weight of 25, 000 (LC1) and 14, 000 (LC3) are identical with of rabbit. The other light chain has a molecular weight slightly lower 17, 500 (LC2) than that of rabbit. Carp myosin also has three lingt chains with molecular weights of 25, 000 (LC1), 17, 500(LC2), and 16, 000 (LC3) in which LC3 is clearly different in molecular weightfrom the corresponding light chains of rabbit and tilapia myosins.
It was found that, as measured by densitometry, the light chains in myosin from rabbitskeletal, tilapia dorsal, and carp dorsal muscle constituted about 16%, 17%, and 12% of the mass of the myosin molecule, respectively.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (802K) -
西元 諄一, R. MALCOLM LOVE1974 年 40 巻 10 号 p. 1071-1076
発行日: 1974/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe viscosity of cod muscle, homogenised in 65% sucrose solution, was measured after the fish had been cold stored at-15° or -30° for various periods. The results differed according to the locality where the fish were caught, probably because of variations in the post-rigor pH of the muscle arising from differences in nutritional state. It was found that the values decreased during cold storage, and it was concluded that the method showed promise for assessing the texture of the fish after thawing and cooking.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (327K) -
金沢 昭夫, 手島 新一, 富田 茂夫, 安藤 哲夫1974 年 40 巻 10 号 p. 1077
発行日: 1974/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (87K)
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