A human body weighing 70kg contains approximately 20 to 28g of magnesium and in general a human body contains approximately 0.5g of magnesium per kilogram of fat free body tissue. A large fraction of total body magnesium is present in bone and next in muscle, liver and heart. Each of the organs (muscle, liver and heart) contains about the same amount of magnesium. In the body, magnesium plays a key role as an essential ion in many foundamental enzymatic reaction and in intermediary metabolism. Also, the importance of magnesium in bone formation and neuromuscular transmission is well established.
In 1978, Karppanen, et al. have claimed that the death rate from ischemic heart disease correlates with the dietary ratio of calcium and magnesium.
This review, describe the magnesium intake and its balance in Japanese, and the effect of dietary magnesium on high intake of phosphorus in rats.
1) Magnesium intake of Japanese: Magnesium intake varies greatly because its widely variable content in different foods. In Japan the average range of magnesium intake for healthy adult is 200-300mg/day (Table 3) and that in child, range from 120-130mg/day.
2) Magnesium balance of Japanese: Balance study with adult (Table 4) and child (Table 5) indicated that the increasing dietary magnesium level was not affected strongly by the magnesium balance.
3) Effect of dietary magnesium level on high phosphorus intake: The use of phosphate as food additives has become so widespread that phosphorus content of ordinary daily diets may be inceased. High phosphorus diet greatly increased the concentration of calcium in rat kidney but magnesium addition to diet induced the reduction of calcium load in the kidney (Table 8).
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