栄養学雑誌

ヘルスプロモーション, 保健行動, 健康リスクをめぐる医療社会学的論点

朝倉隆司

2001 年 59 巻 6 号 p. 263-269
発行日: 2001/12/01
公開日: 2010/02/09

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5264/eiyogakuzashi.59.263

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生活習慣病の健康リスクとは, 喫煙や飲酒, 過食, 運動などの保健行動であり, ライフスタイルである。このような保健行動やライフスタイルへの関心が, 地球規模でのリスク社会を生きるために必要な条件であり, これまでのどの時代よりも未来志向性の強い現代人に適合した特徴である。その反面, 生活の医療化を促進させるとして批判する見方もある。そこでヘルスプロモーションや疾病予防のための保健行動, 健康リスクマネージメントが孕んでいるジレンマについて, 医療社会学的な視点から論じた。すなわち, 保健行動の4つのジレンマ (個人主義, ヴィクティムブレイミング, 治療に対するニヒリズム, 健康情報の過剰), 保健行動モデルにおけるリスク評価の有効性への疑問, リスクトレードオフ現象, 健康問題への援助と対処のモデル, 保健行動, 健康リスクとエシックスである。

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植物ステロール添加食用油の食後血清脂質に及ぼす影響

大山勝彦, 関慎二, 日高一郎, 芳野寿子, 辻宏明, 田口信夫, 中島成生, 近藤和雄

2001 年 59 巻 6 号 p. 271-276
発行日: 2001/12/01
公開日: 2010/02/09

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5264/eiyogakuzashi.59.271

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Plants sterols are known to inhibit cholesterol absorption, and this study investigated the effect of plant sterol-containing oil on cholesterol-containing foods. Oil containing 1.5% plant sterols was given in a scrambled egg sandwich (test food) to 15 healthy male adults (38.3 years average age) to investigate the effect of the sterols on the serum lipids levels. A scrambled egg sandwich containing soybean oil alone was used as the control food. There was no significant difference between the test food and control food for the subjects as a whole in the effects on serum lipid levels (serum triglyceride, remnant-like particle cholesterol (RLP-C), and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol). However, in those subjects with high serum triglyceride levels (>130mg/dl), the serum triglyceride concentration was significantly lower after ingesting the test food than after the control food. The subjects with high serum TG levels (>220mg/dl) had a significantly lower peak serum RLP-C concentration (4h after intake) after ingesting the test food than after the control food (6.9±2.8mg/dl vs. 8.9±3.1mg/dl). To evaluate the increase in dietary lipids, we calculated the area under the time-concentration curve (AUC). This showed that RLP-C absorption from the test food was significantly slower than that from the control food (AUC=10.0±8.2mg/dl.h^-1 vs. 19.5±10.1mg/dl.h^-1). These results suggest that plant sterol-containing oil would be useful for reducing the cholesterol levels in a hypercholesterolemic subject.

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若年女性の肥満状況と地域性

隠れ肥満とインスリン抵抗性

高宮裕子, 本間健

2001 年 59 巻 6 号 p. 277-283
発行日: 2001/12/01
公開日: 2010/02/09

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5264/eiyogakuzashi.59.277

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Latent obesity (L-obesity), which is defined as BMI<25 with a body fat percentage (% fat) ≥30%, has been the recent object of intensive study. However, the nature and cause of L-obesity are unclear: We first determined the prevalence of obesity by focusing on L-obesity among two groups of female college undergraduates studying similar courses in a large city (Tokyo) and in a small prefecture (Shimane), respectively groups T and S. We then used the data to identify the anthropometric and biochemical characteristics of L-obesity.
Eight anthropometric measurements were collected, including BMI, % fat and mid-upper arm circumference (MAC), together with 9 biochemical measurements, including cholinesterase, free fatty acids (FFA), fasting immuno-reactive insulin and insulin resistance.
The prevalence of L-obesity was found to be significantly higher in group S (21.1%) than in group T (4.3%). The values of % fat, MAC and triceps skinfold-thickness were significantly higher in group S, while the insulin resistance was significantly higher in group T.
The results show that the prevalence of L-obesity and the insulin resistance both had regional differences between the two groups of healthy young females undertaking similar study.

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女子学生における全身および各部位骨密度に及ぼす生活活動と食習慣の影響

澤純子, 藤井淑子, 西川貴子, 深津智惠美, 河南恒子, 虫明清子, 清水典子, 吉本祥生

2001 年 59 巻 6 号 p. 285-293
発行日: 2001/12/01
公開日: 2010/02/09

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5264/eiyogakuzashi.59.285

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To investigate how to prevent osteoporosis which progresses with aging, 147 female college students (19.7± 0.9 years average age) were measured for bone density and surveyed for their past (grammar and high school period) and present daily physical activities and dietary habits. Positive correlations were found between the level of past physical activities and the lower limb bone density and between past good dietary habits and the bone density values for the trunk, pelvis and upper limbs. No significant correlation was found between the bone density and the present physical activities and dietary habits. The physical activities and good dietary habits during the grammar and high school period are suggested to have an effect on preventing osteoporosis by promoting greater peak bone mass.

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平成12年国民栄養調査結果の概要 (抜粋)

厚生労働省健康局総務課生活習慣病対策室栄養調査係

2001 年 59 巻 6 号 p. 295-302
発行日: 2001/12/01
公開日: 2010/02/09

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5264/eiyogakuzashi.59.295

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