Group homes are engaged in prevention of the elderly patients with dementia getting lost by posting signs identifying residents’ rooms and restrooms. In this research, I focus on these efforts and investigate whether the posting of signs provides hints for residents to find their position. As a result, it was found that getting lost occurs in patients with moderate dementia, and although they are initially able to walk in the direction of their intended destination, they are unable to understand detailed locations near the intended destination. It was found that posting signs had the effect of preventing getting lost.
This research clarifies the following issues to obtain useful knowledge for future public library planning by capturing the behavior of the complex public library based on the user’s purpose of visit. First, the functional structure and management policy of the complex public library in recent years were examined. Second, the connection between users’ purpose of visit and the space used at St and Tg libraries were clarified. Finally, the users’ purpose of visit, patterns and development of “by-the-way use,” and expansion of space used under “stop by use” were evaluated to determine the usage structure of the stay-oriented library.
The purpose of this study is to clarify the construction type and supply level of schoolchild care facilities by attendance unit of elementary school in Yamaguchi prefecture, and to consider the supply method of schoolchild care facility for the future. Each school attendance unit in 2010 was classified into four types:urban, plain, middle, mountainous. Although one or more schoolchild care facilities has been established in a school attendance unit by three types except for Mountainous type, there are not less than 50% school attendance units without a facility in mountainous type.
In this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted on novel coronavirus infection control measures in support facilities for persons with disabilities. As a result, the followings were found:
1) Infectious control measures taken differ depending on the status of private rooms and units, as well as the architectural configuration of spaces used for dining, daytime activities, and bathrooms.
2) There were differences in the implementation of infection control measures depending on the main disabilities of the residents. In particular, facilities with mainly people with intellectual disabilities tended to have difficulty in taking these measures.
The interior and exterior spaces of architecture nurture amenities and urban communities in urban life, and their plans have effects beyond the architecture itself, extending to the atmosphere of the city, and these components identify these architectural spaces. The width and depth of the planes and the width and height of the cross-sections were clarified with spatial cognitive methods, and the plane and the cross-section were recognized. By analyzing correlation as a cognitive ratio with actual space, we clarified the ways in which space is recognized and grasped.
This paper aims to review a large-scale collective relocation planning of the Koizumi-Machi district, which implemented the Radburn design housing to mitigate the environmental transition against the Great East Japan earthquake. Based on actual conditions through two-year investigations after resettlement, it demonstrates that residents utilized the relocation site adapting to different issues of the community relocation: successions of the previous district's neighborhood relationships and constructions of new ones due to integrated multiple districts. On the other hand, there is a mismatch between total housing land design and individual housing reconstructions in point of the correspondence between entrance direction and cul-de-sac.
The dynamism of Tokyo streets accommodating people and cars in the necessary space to move and connect between buildings, constitute the public realm where daily encounters are taking place. The aim of this research is to find those paused activities of pedestrians to identify sources and patterns enhanced by the commercial streets as Ephemeral Public Space. Analyzing two streets in Ura-Harajuku as a case study, this thesis analyzes the spatial characteristics linking the street and the ground floor of the shops. The results show a variety of activities associated with the commercial streetscape experience in Japan.
The purpose of this study is to reconstruct the space of the villages on Kikaijima Island on the date immediately before and after World War II, and to examine the characteristics of the spatial composition depending on the topographical location of villages.
In this study, we clarified the commonalities and differences of the location and spatial composition of the villages, by analyzing the aerial photographs of all villages taken by American Armies during the date before and after World War II on Kikaijima Island.
This is an article of the series study aiming to grasp the actual situation of rural land circulation, and summarize the issues related to land use. In this article, taking Ciyutuo village, an immigrant village of Han-Chinese, as example, the historical and social development process of land ownership and land use is explored. Then the status and characteristics of farmland transfer and farmers' stratum differentiation is discussed. Finally, the situation of farmland use and homestead use by different classes of farmers is explored, and the overall land use characteristics and the issues related to land use are discussed.
The purpose of this study is to clarify the formation of the area of forestry and wood industry in the region from the viewpoint of transition of the wood production structure through consideration of business relationships between businesses centered on Yamacho-Shoten in Tanabe, Wakayama Prefecture. It was found that Yamacho-Shoten has built a mutually complementary relationship with various businesses in the region with the integrated wood production system of foresting, sawing, processing, and selling. The wood production structure of Yamacho-Shoten resists the decline in regional vitality and guarantees the continuation of other forestry and wood production businesses.
All cities in China are experiencing a boom of subway system’s construction these years. This study aimed to clarify the changes of the areas around 89 subway stations in Xi’an city.
1. Set the influence range of subway stations in Xi’an city, and extract 16 quantitative evaluation factors from land use and map data.
2. 89 station areas were classified into 10 typologies by Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis.
3. According to the 2016~2020 years’ land use data, the development tendency of each area type was clarified by Transition Probability Matrix.
This study aims to universally clarify environmental factors associated with bicycle theft by modeling the association among land-use, socio-economic factors, and facilities based on the regression analysis of bicycle thefts that occur around railroad stations. The model is developed using a negative binomial regression. The results showed that the number of bicycle thefts is positively associated with that of illegally parked bicycles and bicycle parking lots where unsupervised bicycles are parked for a long time. It is also indicated that recreational facilities where bicycles are left for a long time had association with the increase of bicycle thefts.
We analyzed the relationship between the step counts and traffic safety indicators by the multiple regression analysis. Results show that residents, especially older adults, in areas with many pedestrian streets, high proportion of multilevel intersections and high proportion of three-way intersections tend to walk more. In addition, these traffic safety indicators are found to be significantly more common in planned residential areas, especially in large-scale developments and developments by public entities. In conclusion, this study evaluates the pedestrian friendly designs in existing planned residential areas and suggests the need to actively preserve and utilize these designs in future residential development.
This article considered the export of nails from the middle of the Meiji era to the prewar period. The following points have been clarified.
In the middle of the Meiji era, Japan had already exported nails. The breakdown was the export of Japanese nails, the re-export of nail iron and Western nails, which were the raw materials for Japanese nails.
After 1921, the export of domestic western nails could be confirmed, and after 1932, the export volume of domestic western nails increased sharply and the re-export of western nails stopped.
This paper focuses on frame structures built using Kume’s Seismic Timber Framed Construction Method developed by Gonkuro Kume, and examines the intentions of the author. Among 32 works found during the study, two major building types were classified: two-story detached residences with wide-openings and three-story resort hotels with long-spans. Kume’s theory was intended to build a lightweight and rigid structural framework with a low center of gravity. His unique understanding of structure was developed through his experiences studying architecture in Germany, experimenting on an actual building under construction using his theory, and receiving support from his close friends.
This study focuses on the residential works with pergola-style structures in modern Japan, in an attempt to understand the extent and background of their popularity. This paper deals with six architectural journals (Kenchiku Sekai, Kenchiku Gahou, Jutaku, Kenchiku to Shakai, Shinkenchiku, and Jutaku to Teien) and examines the shapes of pergola-style structures, and the transition of number about residential works with it. The results showed that residential works with pergola-style structures began to appear sporadically in the 1910s and became widespread in the 1920s. Then, in the 1930s, the shape of pergola-style structures became more diverse.
This study reveals the publishing activities of Kenchiku Shoin and examines the development of architectural books based on the characteristics of publication types.
1. Founded during the Meiji period, the pioneering Kenchiku Shoin is one of Japan’s longest-running architectural publishers. Its activities are divided into four phases according to changes in the engineering literature field.
2. Kenchiku Shoin’s architectural books a) fulfilled the demand for textbooks in the early days of architectural education, b) expanded readership to upwardly mobile, soon-to-be architecture clients by conveying visual information through plates, and c) contributed to the reinstatement of architecture in modern Japanese culture.
The purpose of this study is to clarify the development of the construction on the Fireproof Building Belt (FBB) in Ofunato Town after the Chilean Tsunami of 1960. The results are as follows:
1. Construction of fire-resistive buildings had hardly progressed on FBB.
2. The shopkeepers in Ofunato Town understood the necessity of the appropriate buildings to create their new era. However, they could not construct them due to the lack of their financial power.
3. Some buildings were constructed on FBB were used as Tsunami Evacuation Building at Great East Japan Earthquake of 2011. In that sense, FBB was effective.
The impact of ancient Egyptian hypostyle hall columns on thermal environment was quantitatively evaluated. A simulation model was developed to predict the annual indoor temperature change. The thermal environment was found to greatly improved when the columns were installed, as the fluctuations caused by daily temperature variations were minimized and indoor temperature reduced even during summers. Sensitivity analysis shows that such a reduction in temperature variation cannot be achieved by simply increasing the thermal capacity of the wall, but must be achieved by simultaneously expanding the thermal capacity and surface area by increasing the number of columns.
The purpose of this study is to be clarify the “nouvlle Manzana” designed by Le Corbusier on his urban project of Buenos Aires. He criticized the city of Buenos Aires composed by the plot system “Cuadra” of Spanish Colony because of not being suitable for cars. He found out a solution from his survey of the environs of Buenos Aires. Then, he decided to incorporate it into the street design of his project and presented ‘nouvelle Manzana’ which composed of 3 by 3 Cuadras surrounded them for recomposing new habitation block and applying a property of the vernacular Manzana.
This study is about comparison of Hiroshi Ohe's "Uchi" and Tetsuro Watsuji's "Uchi". The purpose is to explore Watsuji's acceptance in Ohe's architectural thought, and to clarify the differences and the semantic acceptance relationship by comparing the discourses of both "Uchi". It confirms the acceptance relationship of the meaning of "Uchi" in Watsuji's "Climate and Culture". Ohe accepts Watsuji's "Uchi" thought but develops human existence such as "Trust" to the principle dimension of self-understanding. In this paper, through a comparison of Watsuji, Ohe's "Uchi" is confirmed to be discussed in principle human dimensions existence around the architecture.
In this paper, the sites where production and living have been sustained over thousands of years are named Millennium Villages, and we presented a methodology for grasping the candidate sites. It is based on the past research that village names recorded in <Wamyô Ruiju Shô> were compared with current location and then verified. The specific locations have been plotted in a spatial map, a comprehensive and objective grasp becomes possible. There are around 2000 candidates of Millennium Village. The results have been widely analyzed and the preference of the site selection has been found.
The purpose of this paper is to confirm the process and characteristics of the introduction of the law and system of classification of the Historic Monuments in French Indochina by comparison of the law in French mainland. Furthermore, it aims to discuss the significance and relationship of the boundary of protection area around Angkor monuments in Cambodia, which established after the introduction of the law on the Historic Monuments.
The author wishes to explore the development of Japanese history for preservation of removed parts from architectural cultural properties while focusing on the selection criteria for its preservation. Initially by tracing the development of the selection criteria with the guidelines for the conservation projects. Secondly by making the list of removed parts designated as cultural properties, and analyzing it separated into 6 types. Thirdly by finding the first removed parts or the first report of ones for the conservation projects.