In this study, the operation information and registration information of 2110 Elderly Housing with Supportive Services cases are used to analyze the corresponding situation for end-of-life care and severe dementia(hereinafter, “ECSD”) by hardware. The results are as follows:According to the different scale, living units and common facilities, there are obvious differences in the corresponding situation of ECSD. In addition, it is clear that among Elderly Housing with Supportive Services, the corresponding implementation rate of “unit type” to ECSD is higher, on the contrary, the implementation rate of “collective-house type” is lower.
This study aims to clarify nationwide management status and space use characteristics of day-service-centers that can support Chinese language service in Japan. It found that most of day-service-centers were established after 2010 and daily capacity is 11~20 users. JPC (Japanese people from China) users are more than CPJ (Chinese people in Japan) users. Differences of language and life habit are the most important problems in taking care service for JPC/ CPJ users. Meanwhile, their recreation behaviors are very different from the Japanese users, so when setup day-service-centers for JPC/CPJ, their background, life habit and behavior characteristics should be considered.
Residents with higher care needs and staying in hall-type rooms are more likely to stay in their room and come to the main meal table at the fixed meal time . Meanwhile, residents of corridor-type rooms are more likely to stay in their room, and the likelihood is greater when care needs are higher. The staff also observed the effectiveness of movable partitions and the advantages of the rice paddy-shaped plan spatial composition. The layout allows residents with higher care needs to interact with others . The ease of watching through a face-to-face kitchen was also particularly important.
Research on streetscape perception have not been conducted with the consideration of different traveling modes, for describing the sequential experience requires much recording labor and less reproducibility. A theoretical model is proposed in this paper, developing the Isovist analysis model with 3 parameters; offset distance from facade, traveling velocity, and effective viewing angle, which not only quantifies the amount of visual stimulation per time but also visualizes the rhythm of streetscapes reflecting their context and provides suggestions to urban design.
This paper presents the following contents in order to establish a design support tool for early design phase based on an optimization of indoor heat load of a building.
1) An optimization program with design variables: building shape, thermal performance of building envelopes and opening size, was developed.
2) The three optimization methods (SGA, ABC and FA) were studied in terms of their adaptability for the program.
3) Detailed investigation was conducted on the program with FA in order to understand the characteristics of the method.
To investigate a social prescribing for the prevention of isolation and loneliness, we conducted a Web-based questionnaire survey targeting residents of the Kinki region and performed a multinomial logistic regression to compare the marginal probability effects by the circumstances of the isolated and loneliness situation. It was confirmed that promoting involvement in social contribution activities in their community would be effective for those who were in the circumstance of the loneliness situation but would not be very effective for those who were in the circumstance of the isolated situation because of having indifference to social contribution activities for them.
The paper aims to discuss the distribution and its transformation of Chinese Associations in Downtown Yangon. Chinese Associations were established by overseas Chinese and serves for their communication and mutual aid. Location data of Chinese Associations obtained from the documents and the field survey is analyzed from the perspective of associations' constituent groups based on their origins, dialects and occupations. Then the patterns and the characteristics of the distribution and its transformation are considered to be closely related to the constituent group's origin, dialect and occupation.
The analysis of the number of users based on the elements of the space of the bookmobile showed that the number of users tended to be higher when the space was green, enclosed, had a place to sit, and was easy to see. Furthermore, a structural equation modeling based on the questionnaire survey indicated that the evaluation of the bookmobile as a center of exchange indirectly affected the level of life satisfaction.
We analyzed the mechanism of urban food desert expansion based on data at the block level. According to the food demand curve, the elasticity was high and the nutritional value diet decreased as the store prices increased. The store prices within 500m from the redevelopment would tend to increase because luxury supermarkets would dominate, while over 500m they would often tend to decrease because new non-luxury supermarkets would compete for opening. There are only two types of blocks with high risk of food desert: a block surrounded by multiple redevelopments or a block whose store price has gone up considerably.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of the design engineering department of the construction company, the role of each actor, the collaboration and its results in the case where the UK construction company is involved in early stage of the design process, and to make recommendation for the Japanese procurement system. In both countries, similarities were found in the scope of the contractor’s responsibility, and the collaboration between architect, contractor and owner. It was also found that in the UK, working with construction companies from the outset without tendering was positively evaluated.
This article considered the relationship between wages of carpenters and rice prices and the relationship between wages of carpenters and construction workers from the early modern period to modern times. The following points will be clarified.
From the end of the Edo period to the modern era, the carpenter’s daily allowance, as pointed out by Yasutada Watanabe, fits well with the principle of 6 sho. Comparing the daily allowances of craftsmen in the early modern period and modern times based on the daily allowances of carpenters, there is no significant difference.
In modern imperial funerals, many temporary buildings were built and granted to various institutions, and then to be converted. This study aims to clarify the transition of their grant and conversion, focusing on funeral halls. The findings are as follows: 1) The buildings were granted to local public bodies, charitable institutions and so on, and the central area of grant was moved from Kyoto to Tokyo; 2) Grant and conversion was deeply connected to concept of impurity and purity, positioning of institutions enshrining Emperor and Empress, building relationship with the Imperial House, and condition of commemoration in the converted buildings.
This article focuses on the transition of nail consumption that increased from the middle of the Meiji era to the prewar period, and examined the effect of the increase in nail consumption on wooden buildings in this era. The following points have been clarified.
The consumption of nails per tsubo of wooden buildings increased from about 1.7 kg in 1884 to about twice in the early Showa era. The modern wooden structure had shifted to a form that makes heavy use of hardware such as nails for earthquake resistance measures and building regulations.
In his book Gaibu kūkan no kōsei (Exterior Space in Architecture), Yoshinobu Ashihara criticized modern architecture and urban planning, and searched for ways to realize plazas suitable for humans. This study analyzes and shows how Ashihara designed the Komazawa Park Gymnasium — wrestling venue for the 1964 Tokyo Olympics, and the Central Plaza. In doing so, it focuses on the Komazawa Park Gymnasium’s distinctive hyperbolic paraboloid shell. Concurrently, this study evaluates Ashihara’s uniqueness as an architect while comparing the Komazawa Central Plaza with Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park, designed by Kenzō Tange.
This paper aims to clarify the transformation of the concept of 'decoration' in Charlotte Perriand (1903-1999) by analyzing her discourses as a primary source. The chronological reorganization of Perriand's discourse and the extraction of its themes reveal two major occasions: the collaboration with Le Corbusier at his atelier in the 1920s and 1930s and her stay in Japan in the early 1940s. Through this opportunity, the scope of Perriand's question of "decoration" extends from "standard" to "vacuum" space, starting with furniture and ending with the environment that surrounds architecture.
This paper seeks to clarify the zoning plan promulgated under the Shanghai municipality government during the Republic of China, from the viewpoint of workers housing and industry agglomeration in industrial zones. The Shanghai Municipality Construction Bureau had been concerned about the situation where existing urban spaces are mixed by buildings for various uses. The zoning plan aimed to form a highly convenient urban space that is both hygienic and aesthetically pleasing by coordinating the uses of the building. This study clarified the actual conditions that city planning in Shanghai was influenced by the modern city planning from Western countries.
This study examines the transformation of the dalan (building-covered walkway), a distinctive historic structure found in Herat Old City, at three time points (1977-78, 2005-06, and 2019-20). The results show the number of dalans has been decreasing and the rate of decrease is accelerated. Of the 59 exsiting dalans, 44 were built more than 100 years ago. Most dalans are in relatively good condition, except 16 in need of urgent repair due to structural problems. In order to maintain the significant historical landscape of Herat Old City, the existing dalans need to be preserved as cultural heritage.
A form generation method of rigid origami with cutting lines is proposed. A Bézier surface is approximated by the rigid origami whose faces have three or more edges. Three types of approximation errors are defined with respect to the distance between the origami vertices and the target surface, the surface area difference, and the normal vector difference between the origami faces and the target surface. The weighted sum of approximation errors is minimized under the constraints on the developability of the rigid origami. Numerical examples of the HP and dome surfaces with different cutting patterns are shown.