Bovine respiratory disease's morbidity and treatment of fatting cattle introduced from the market was investigated. Four hundred-eight head cattle were introduced from 2011 to 2013. Sixty-four heads were treated in two weeks from the introduction. The onset tendency was recognized in winter and the days that led to the onset were short in spring. Bacterial analysis was conducted using bronchoalveolar lavage, tracheal lavage and nasal swab. Pasteurella multocida (Pm ) was detected in one non-febrile steer, with a cough and runny nose (control group), Mannheimia haemolytica (Mh ), Pm, or Histophilus somni were detected in all febrile steers (fever group) in December 2013. Pm was detected in one steer in the control group, and Pm or Mh was detected in the fever group in March 2014. Mycoplasma spp. was not detected all cattle. These results demonstrate that the origin of pneumonia bacteria is present in the bronchoalveolar lavage region. It is important to prevent and treat steers introduced from the market.

Effects of grazing on a native pasture or group pens for oxidative stress responses and some immune and nutritional parameters were investigated using Japanese Black cows. As a result of the blood inspection, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), the index for oxidative stress, was significantly lower and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, the index for anti-oxidative stress, was significantly higher in the second half of the grazing period (P＜0.05). Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), total cholesterol (T-Cho), retinol (VA), and α-tocopherol (VE), which evaluate the nutritional status, were significantly higher in the grazing group compared with the non-grazing group during the grazing period (P＜0.05). These results suggest that grazing increases the fat-soluble vitamin concentration and SOD activity to remove active oxygen through the ingestion of a lot of grass, which is rich in protein and fat-soluble vitamins, and possibly reduces oxidative stress.

An 11‐year-old neutered female miniature dachshund presented with thrombocytopenia and multifocal lesions of the spleen. The day before, the dog developed a sudden onset of left-side paralysis and blindness. Blood coagulation analysis showed elevated plasma D-dimer levels. Multifocal hypoechoic wedge-shaped regions that lacked Doppler color flow were detected by abdominal ultrasound. Magnetic resonance images were consistent with a territorial cerebral infarction affecting the lateral right cerebral hemisphere. Splenic and cerebral infarctions were suspected, and the dog was treated with antithrombotic agents. The dog recovered clinically, and there has been no recurrence at the time this paper was submitted (11 months after discontinuation of antiplatelet therapy, on Day 118). In this case, it was suspected that multifocal infarctions were caused by a hypercoagulable state of pancreatitis, because the dog had a history of symptoms corresponding to pancreatitis. No other diseases that could cause thrombosis were suspected.

Anti-Paragonimus westermani antibodies were detected in 4 heads (Areas B and C) in a total of 148 Sika deer (Cervus nippon centralis ) captured in three areas (A, B and C) in Gifu Prefecture. In Areas B and C, there are reports of human paragonimiasis suspected of being caused by consumption of deer meat. In addition, metacercaria of P. westermani (diploid type) was detected in a Japanese freshwater crab, Geothelphusa dehaani, in Area B. The contents of deer rumen were tested with a commercial food allergen screening kit (crustaceans), and it was positive in one deer from Area B. The positive rumen contents were further examined and material resembling crustacean limbs was found, from which DNA was extracted and identified as of G. dehaani. These results suggest that deer may eat G. dehaani and potentially become infected with P. westermani as a paratenic host.