Methyridine, in a form of injection, was examined for anthelmintic effect on swine nematodes in laboratory trials using 13 swine.
Tric huris suis and Strongyloides ransomi were completely removed by a dose of 150 mg or more of active ingredient per kilogram of body weight. The compound showed a low efficacy against Ascaris suum even when a dose of 500 mg/kg had been administered. It seemed to have no effect on Oesophagostomum spp. It was effective to reduce the egg count of Metastrongylus apri markedly. Only a small number of these worms were detected at postmortem examination on naturally infected swine which had been treated with a dose of 250 mg/kg or more. No satisfactory results were obtained from swine artificially infected and given a dose of 250 or 300 mg/kg.
A dose of as small as 150 mg/kg given by the intraperitoneal route resulted in causing a transient, severe systemicreaction. Therefore, this procedure was not suitable for swine. When injected subcutaneously, a dose of 300 mg/kg or less gave rise to a slight systemic reaction which was intensified with a increase in dosage. Death occurred a dose of 600 mg/kg, but not at a dose of 500 mg/kg. When a dose of 300 mg/kg or less, as divided into two equal aliquots, was injected subcutaneously at sites posterior to both ears, the resulting local reaction was mild in general.

View full abstract

Coccidiosis broke out among ducks in September, 1964. The birds involved were 30 days old when they manifested depression, anorexia, and grayishwhite watery diarrhea. Of 80 birds clinically infected, 32 died of coccidiosis.
1. At autopsy, congestions and hemorrhages of pin-head size were present in the duodenum and the free portion of the samll intestine. Grayish-white cottage-cheese-like matter was found attached to the mucous membranes of these organs. No other organs contained lesions.
2. Histopathologically, acute catarrhal enteritiswas observed. Gametocytes and schizonts were seen in the mucosal epithelium.
3. Oocysts were isolated from feces. They were 17-12×13-15 μ in size and had micropyles and thick walls. They formed four sporocysts at 25°C after 72 hours.
4. When isolated oocysts were put in the crop, they began to be excreted into feces on the 4th day after artificial infection, and ceased to be so on the 7th day. The infected birds showed grayish-white watery or green slimy diarrhea and essentially the same, though mild, pathological changes as the field cases.
5. It is presumed that the oocysts isolated in the present outbreak may be those of some new type, since they are different in morphology from thore reported so far.

View full abstract

A total of 15 cases of intestinal obstruction in chickens were analyzed pathologically and examined for changes in egg production. They had been encountered in the Breeding Poultry Farm, Prefecture of Hiroshima, over a period from 1961 to 1964.
Of these cases, ten were induced by the formation of tumor, two by intussusception, two by the presence of a crude hair ball, and the other was by that of a piece of wood. Of the ten cases by tumorigenesis, seven were examined histopathologically and broken into four cases by adenocarcinoma, two by fibroma, and one by leiomyoma. In the four cases by adenocarcinoma, the carcinomata were chronic ones developed from the mucous membrane of the duodenum, jejunum, or ileum. Egg production was seriously damaged in the.cases by adenocarcinoma, where a long-lasting cessation of egg-laying was observed before death.

View full abstract

It was clarified that infection with BEND virus is a new type of disease which belongs to the epizooticfever complex in cattle. This virus was proved to have been spread extensively among cattle in Japan. For the control of this viral infection, a new type of live virus vaccine is now under development. It is a mixed vaccine prepared from BEND virus and the hitherto known Kaeishi virus. It is the final objective of the field experiment now under way to apply this type of vaccine to young cattle.

View full abstract