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Volume 21, Issue 5
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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[in Japanese]1968 Volume 21 Issue 5 Pages 187-192
Published: May 20, 1968
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...1968 Volume 21 Issue 5 Pages 193-194
Published: May 20, 1968
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
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MASUO OGAWA, Y KITAHARA, H TAKAHASHI, H TANAKA, M SUGAWARA, M KONDO, S ...1968 Volume 21 Issue 5 Pages 197-201,194
Published: May 20, 1968
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSixty-two samples of bottled milk collected from milk plants and food stores were examined for contamination with psychrophilic and mesophilic bacteria and changes in quality during storage.
1. Of 38 samples collected from milk plants, twenty-four were contaminated with less than 30 psychrophilic organisms per sample. After storage at 5×7°C for 7 days, more than 106psychrophilic organisms were found in each of 35 samples. The situation was similar in the case of mesophilic organism situation was similar in the case of mesophilic organisms.
2. The psychrophilic-bacterial count was arranged as less than 30 (10 samples), 104, 101, 103, and 102in the decreasing order in 24 samples of commercial bottled milk. The mesophilic-bacterial count was a little lower than it.
3. Acidity was about 0.13 per cent immediately after collection. After storage at low temperature milk-plant samples still remained within the standard of acidity, but 15 samples of commercial milk failed to meet this standard. Only two of them showed coagulation.
4. Results were almost identical between the boiling and the alcohol tests. After storage at low temperature, about 70 per cent of commercial milk samples were positive for both tests.
5. Flavor was altered in almost all samples after storage at low temperature. Most samples became rancid.
6. Ability of protein decomposition was revealed by 50 and 30 per cent of the isolated psychrophilic and mesophilic bacteria, respectively, and ability of fat decomposition by 19 and 8 per cent.
7. Pseudomonas was predominant among the psychrophilic and mesophilic bacteria isolated. After storage, Pseudomonas was predominant among the psychrophilic bacteria isolated, but one of Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcus, asporogenous Grampositive rods, and Micrococcus prevailed among the mesophilic bacteria isolated in most cases.
8. These results indicate that the contamination of bottled milk with psychrophilic bacteria cannot be neglected from the viewpoint of food sanitation.View full abstractDownload PDF (1063K) -
Masuo OGAWA, M KONDO, Y KITAHARA, M SUGAWARA, T TAKAHASHI, O IKEDA, S ...1968 Volume 21 Issue 5 Pages 202-205,192
Published: May 20, 1968
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStudies were made on the actual state of bacterial contamination at every process of bottling in milk plant A operated under theUHTsystem. It was the aim of these studies to clarify the mechanism of development of a microflora in bottled milk from the viewpoint of food hygiene and environmental sanitation.
1. The count of psychrophilic bacteria ranged from 104to 109in raw milk. It was found, however, to be zero in sampling-cock milk and surge-tank milk immediately after sampling and even after storage at 5×7°C for 7 days. Those bacteria were detected again from bottled milk, although they were very small in number. The bacterial flora in the bottled milk at the plant was similar to that in the commercial bottled milk previously reported and had thermolabile Pseudomonas organisms as its predominant members. These results indicate that the psychrophilic bacteria detected from bottled milk are derived from recontamination which may have occurred after pasteurization.
Essentially the same results were obtained from sampled milk with regard to mesophilic bacteria.
2. Psychrophilic bacteria were hardly detected from the water used in the plant, cleaned bottles, and caps. They were found, however, in every sample of the air within the plant, showing a count ranging from 101to 102. These results suggest that the machines and other factors in the plant which were not examined in the present investigation, rather than water, bottles, and caps which have been studied as possible sources of contamination, may be closely related to the mechanism of development of a psychrophilic bacterial flora in bottled milk.
Mesophilic bacteria were frequently detected from cleaned bottles and caps, though very small in number, in addition to the air within the plant. Thermophilic bacteria were found, though very small in number, the the air within the plant, but not in any other item examined.View full abstractDownload PDF (701K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...1968 Volume 21 Issue 5 Pages 206-209
Published: May 20, 1968
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
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I. Procedures and Fundamental TestsHAKARU UENO1968 Volume 21 Issue 5 Pages 210-213,209
Published: May 20, 1968
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new method using a centrifuge tube with the pointed bottom was devised to detect first-stage larvae of the bovine lung worm, Dictyocaulus viviparus, from feces simply and exactly. It is composed of the following steps.
1. A fecal sample weighing 3 g is placed at the center of a piece of gauze. Then the gauze is put into a glass centrifuge tube with the pointed bottom. The four corners of the gauze are fixed with a special wire ring or rubber band.
2. About 45 ml of tap water is poured gently into the tube. The tube is allowed to stand at room temperature (20×25°C) overnight or for 24 hours. Then, almost all the first-stage larvae in the feces will migrate into the water and gather at the bottom of the tube.
3. The sediment at the bottom of the tube is pipetted carefully without agitation, and pipetted off on one or two glass slides, which are examined microscopically at low-power magnification.
4. The number of larvae counted on the slide is divided by three. The result obtained in the LPG ofD. viviparus.
The standard deviation of the number of larvae detected indicated that larvae were distributed almost homogeneously all over the fresh feces.View full abstractDownload PDF (2747K) -
[in Japanese]1968 Volume 21 Issue 5 Pages 214-216
Published: May 20, 1968
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (545K)
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