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Volume 12, Issue 7
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[in Japanese]1959 Volume 12 Issue 7 Pages 283-287
Published: July 20, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
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Y. MORIYAMA, T. TAKAYAMA, T. SHIRAI1959 Volume 12 Issue 7 Pages 288-290
Published: July 20, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. The erythrocyte counts obtained seem to be generally lower than the average value 6, 165, 000 determined by the Hokuriku Regional Laboratory of the National Institute of Animal Health and other values reported (5 to 8 million by BURNETT and 6 to 9.5 million by PROHASKA).This is probably due to the difference in age among the cattle examined or to that in season.
2. A tendency was observed that the diameter of an erythrocyte became short and the serum protein decreased in quantity after the cow was fed on a ration with a wide nutritive ratio.
3. There was a tendency that the younger a cow was, the higher became the erythrocyte count, the shorter the diameter of an erythrocyte, and the smaller the quantity of serum protein.From these results, there seems to be a tendency that the erythrocyte count, the diameter of a red blood corpuscle, and the serum protein level vary with age and the nutritive ratio of feed given.View full abstractDownload PDF (430K) -
I. SAWADA1959 Volume 12 Issue 7 Pages 290-292
Published: July 20, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAsmidon, a proprietary tablet containing dichlorophene, phenothiazine, and piperazine sulfate, was tested for anthelmintic action against Raillietina echinobothrida and Ascarida galli.
(1) When one tablet was administered three times consecutively, without previous starvation to half-grown male Lockhorn chickens infected experimentally with R. echinobothrida and naturally with A. galli (table 1), 83 per cent of mature R.echinobothrida and 100 per cent of mature A. galli were removed
(2) When two tablets were medicated, at a time to chickens in the same state of infection (table 4), 67 per cent of mature R. cchinobothrida and 100 per cent of A. galli were removed (table 6).View full abstractDownload PDF (558K) -
H. ABE, S. KONDO, A. TAGUCHI1959 Volume 12 Issue 7 Pages 293-294
Published: July 20, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMethods of the determinative test of Escherichia coli have been discussed by various workers. It is necessary for the food inspector to determine the type of coliform organisms by means of a simple testing procedure which requires no particular equipment and no special skill of a well-trained laboratory technician.
In the present study was adopted a culture test at 44°C using three strains, Escherichia coli, Aerobacter aerogenes, and the intermediate type. Cultures were carried out on standard agar, desoxycolate agar, and MacConkey agar. The cultures were incubated at 37°C and 44°C. Growth of Aerobacter aerogenes and the intermediate type was completely inhibited on culture media incubated at 44°C, but growth of Esckerichia coli was not.
It may be concluded that Escherichia coli can be detected in a test sample by means of this method.View full abstractDownload PDF (372K) -
[in Japanese]1959 Volume 12 Issue 7 Pages 295-296
Published: July 20, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
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I. Fasciolocidal Action of Four Halogenated Diphenylmethanes and Three Diphenyl SulfidesH. UENO, S. WATANABE, J. FUJITA1959 Volume 12 Issue 7 Pages 297-301
Published: July 20, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. Screening tests were carried out on the anthelmintic action of four diphenylmethanes and three diphenyl sulfides upon rabbits infected experimentally more than 60 days before. Two rabbits received a dose of 100mg of each chemical per kg of body weight by the oral route. They were killed on the 6th or 7th day after medication for the judgment of the anthelmintic effect. As a result, dichlorophene, G. 5, 4, 4'-tetrachlorodiphenylmethane, and 2, 2'-dihydroxy-5, 5'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfide revealed no effect, while bithionol, bithionol acetate, and hexachlorophene ware found effective. Of these three, hexachlorophene was very toxic forrabbits and bithionol acetate seemed to be a little less effective than bithionol. Bithionol was the best of the three, removing the flukes completely without showing any side reaction.
2. Bithionol, which displayed the most effective action and no side reaction in screening tests on rabbits, was administered perorally to one naturally infected sheep in a dose of 300mg/kg and two naturally infected sheep each in a dose of 50, 75, 100, and 200mg/kg, respectively. The effects were judged in these sheep in the same manner as in the rabbits. As a result, the medication of the doses of 75, 200, and 300mg/kg removed the flukes thoroughly. A small number of dead flukes were observed after the dosage of 100mg/kg in one sheep. Also a small number of living flukes were collected from the sheep given 50mg/kg, although a considerably large number of flukes seemed to have been removed after administration. No side reaction was observed at the dosage of 75 and 100mg/kg. Moreover, Dicrocoelium worms harbored by two sheep receiving a dose of 100mg/kg were found, at autopsy, to have been almost all removed, leaving only trace of habitation.
3. The results of anthelmintic experiments indicate that bithionol was not potent enough to kill young liver flukes in rabbits at the dose of 100 or 200mg/kg and those in sheep at the dose of 75 mg/kg. It is assumed that this drug has no effect on young worms in the tissue.
As the ultimate objective of these experiments is to remove liver flukes from cattle, field trials are now going on with a large number of bovine liver flukes.View full abstractDownload PDF (3203K) -
T. KITA, D. SHIBANAI, M. TAKAHASHI, Y. YASUDA1959 Volume 12 Issue 7 Pages 302-306
Published: July 20, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecently animal feed containing urea has come into extensive use. It has been reported, on the other hand, that so-called urea poisoning breaks out when an animal takes a large amount of urea due to an erroneous manner of feeding or by accident. Little is known, however, about the symptomatology and course of the poisoning, toxic principle, and mechanism of the toxic action of urea.
In the present experiment, urea poisoning was artificially induced in 7 goats by introducing 50 per cent urea solution into the rumen. Observations were made on them for the course of poisoning. Clinically, apathetic standing, tachypnea, trembling of the whole body, and drooping neck were recognized at the initial stage of poisoining, motor paralysis leading to recumbency was shown at the intermediate stage, and constrictive spasm and respiratory paralysis were remarkable at the final stage, which was followed by death. When such clinical changes were studied by electromyography, electric discharge of antibarotactic muscle showed damping and increase repeatedly at the initial stage of poisoning and disappeared completely at the intermediate stage, and spasmodic muscle electric discharge beginning with the pharyngo-laryngeal portion was observed at the final stage. It is assumed that this spasm is that of medulla oblongata origin which precedes respiratory paralysis.
It was also clarified that nonprotein nitrogen, such as NH3-N and urea-N, increased, to an unusual extent. in the blood and urine at the time of poisoning. Accordingly, such substance may be the principle of intoxication.
Pathological examinations on goats which died of poisoning revealed the pictures of suffocation and edematous changes in the brain, lung, liver, kidney, and adrenal gland. In addition, a phenomenon of detoxicating nonprotein nitrogen was recognized, to a certain extent, in the liver. It was supposed that the pH value of the blood inclined to the acidic side and that a kind of alkalosis was present on this account.
Moreover, a goat seems to acquire, in general, a resistance to poisoning after it is fed on a ration containing urea. For instance, some goat survived even when it was given several times as much as the toxic dose of urea.View full abstractDownload PDF (8104K) -
[in Japanese]1959 Volume 12 Issue 7 Pages 307-311
Published: July 20, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
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[in Japanese]1959 Volume 12 Issue 7 Pages 312-315
Published: July 20, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (939K) -
[in Japanese]1959 Volume 12 Issue 7 Pages 316-320
Published: July 20, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
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