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Volume 42, Issue 12
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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HIROSHI FUKUSHIMA, TSUTOMU MARUYAMA, KEN-ICHI KANEKO, MASANAO INOUE1989 Volume 42 Issue 12 Pages 829-840
Published: 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
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MIDORI OZAWA, KIYOSHI MIYAZAWA, KAZUE OHSAKI, KUNITADA SATO, MANABU KU ...1989 Volume 42 Issue 12 Pages 843-848
Published: 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe residues of cefroxime in milk following cefroxime treatment (500mg/quarter/day) in 3 normal cows for 3 days were tested. For the treatment of clinical mastitis, cefroxime (250mg/quarter/das) was infused into 27 quarters of the infected udders of 18 cows for 3 days. Clinical cure, PL-Test, number of somatic cells and bacteria were examined for 6 to 8 days after infusion. The results were as follows:(1) Cefroxime concentration in milk decreased gradually and disappeared until 72 hours after infusion.(2) Effective rate of the treatment with cefroxime to the clinical cases was 92.6%(25/27 cases).(3) Twelve strains of Staphylococcus, four strains of Streptococcus, three strains of Enterococcus, three strains of E. coli, two strains of other gram negative rods and three strains of Bacilli were isolated before infusion. On day 6 to 8 after infusion, it was observed that two of coagulase negative Staphylococcus, and one each of Enterococcus faecium, E. coli and Klebsiella oxytocasurvived, but other organisms had disappeared.(4) Cefroxime resistant strains were not found, except in one case in which strain of Enterococcus was observed before incusion. It can be seen from the above that cefroxime is a very useful antibiotic in this therapy.View full abstractDownload PDF (830K) -
YOSHIHISA NAITO, MASAHARU TAKAHASHI, REEKO SATO, YOSHIHIRO KANEDA, DAI ...1989 Volume 42 Issue 12 Pages 849-853
Published: 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present study was carried out to determine the prophylactic effects of the injection of lα-hydroxyvitamin D3 (lα(OH) D3) on parturient hypocalcemia. Ten pregnant Holstein-Friesian cows were divided into control and treated groups, each consisting of 5 cows. Treated cows were injected once intramuscularly with 500μg of lα(OH) D3 (dissolved in 3 ml ethanol) at 6 hrs to 8 days before parturition and control cows were injected with 3 ml ethanol. Three out of 5 treated cows, which were injected with lα(OH) D3 at 6 hrs to 2 days before calving, showed a distinct increase of plasma 1, 25 (OH) 2D concentration at parturition, which inhibited the decrement of plasma Ca and inorganic phosphorus (Pi) concentration after parturition. On the other hand, 2 of the 5 cows were injected with lα(OH) D3 at 7 and 8 days before calving, respectively, but did not show the increase of plasma 1, 25 (OH) 2D at parturition, and caused a decrease of plasma Ca and Pi after parturition. Each treated cow showed an increase in plasma hydroxyproline concentration after parturition, as was alsonoted in control cows.View full abstractDownload PDF (4229K) -
INAO YAMADA, HIDEYUKI TAKAHASHI, HIROYUKI OHISHI1989 Volume 42 Issue 12 Pages 855-858
Published: 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present experiment was conducted to ascertain the effects of restraint with a pigkeeper and venipuncture on blood constituents, using 6 piglets. Each animal was implanted with a jugular venous catheter for collecting blood 7 days before the onset of the experiment. Restraint with a pigkeeper was continued for 5 min and several times of needle pricks were carried out during that time, and blood samples were taken through the catheter before and after irritations. In the control experiment, in the same animals blood was similary collected through the catheter without irritation one day before the main experiment. RBC count and Ht and Hb values were marked and transient increases 5 to 10 min after the restraint and needle pricks were noted. WBC count showed an increase with 2 peaks, at 5 and 60 min after irritation. Plasma cortisol and glucose levels also increased remarkably in response to the irritation. It was suggested that blood collection with a pigkeeper might have been stressful to the swine.View full abstractDownload PDF (2275K) -
YASUHIRO MORITA, YUTAKA YOSHIOKA, NORIO FUJII1989 Volume 42 Issue 12 Pages 861-865
Published: 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSActinomyces pyogenes isolated from swine abscess was cultivated in the modified VL liquid medium for preparation of antigens. The supernatant of the cultivated medium was containd a high Level of protease and partially purified by the ultrafiltration method. A fraction with molecular weigth of>25, 000 contained a high level of protease and reacted stronngly with the reference antiserum by the Agar Gel Precipitation (AGP) test. This fraction was used as antigen, and indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed with the following condition: solid phase protein concentration of the antigen, 10μg/ml; dilution of the serum samples, 1: 100 and peroxidase-anti-pig IgG conjugate, 1: 10, 000.
A comparison was made between indirect ELISA and AGP tests using 251 serum samples from field cases. Absorbance (492 nm) in 32 AGP positive swine serum was 0.528±0.079, while that in 219 AGP negative swine serum was 0.231±0.061. The difference between the two groups was highly significant (P<0.001), and their ELISA ratio was 1: 1.81. The results of indirect ELISA agreed with those of the AGP test.View full abstractDownload PDF (754K) -
TADASHI HIRAHARA, HISAO YASUHARA, OSAMU MATSUI, AKIHIRO IZUMIDA, KEN-I ...1989 Volume 42 Issue 12 Pages 867-870
Published: 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSerological survey of porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis (PHE) virus infection in pigs was done by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test.
Specimens were collected from 4, 846 pigs raised in 21 prefectures of 9 districts in 1978-1988. The HI antibody was detected in 57.7%, 36.2%, 59.7% and 84.1% of pigs at 1, 2, 3 and 5 months of age, respectively; the 68.2% detection was noted in sows. Furthermore, it was revealed that the HI antibody was detected in 50.0-88.3% of pigs older than 3 months of age from 1978 to 1988, and the geometric mean HI antibody titers varied approximatelly parallel to the positive ratios of the antibody. There were no significant differences in the positive ratios of the HI antibody between districts.
From these results, the PHE virus was shows to be widely and highly distributed in Japan. The facts that pigs younger than 1 month of age are protected by maternal antibody and pigs who have lost the antibody become susceptible to PHE virus suggest that further studies on PHE in pigs are needed.View full abstractDownload PDF (624K) -
MASAHIRO NODA, KIYOSHI MIURA, KEIZOU YAMANAKA, YUJI INABA1989 Volume 42 Issue 12 Pages 871-875
Published: 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFive strains of Fukuoka virus which were isolated from biting midges and cattle blood, were tested for hemagglutination (HA). All tested strains agglutinated erythrocytes from geese, chickens, guinea-pigs, mice, sheep and horses at 4°C, 22°C and 37°C. The HAwas dependent on the pH of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) used as the erythrocyte diluent when using borate-buffered saline (pH9.0) with 0.4% bovine serum albumin as the antigendiluent. The optimal pH of the PBS was from 5.4 to 5.8. The HA was not dependent on salt concentration. The HA-inhibiting antibody titers of individual cattle sera showed a significant correlation with their neutralizing titers, the correlation coefficient being 0.967 (p<0.01).View full abstractDownload PDF (658K) -
MASAHIRO NODA, HIDEYUKI YAMASHITA, TATSUO SATO, KIYOSHI MIURA, KEIZOU ...1989 Volume 42 Issue 12 Pages 877-882
Published: 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFirst, 8 disinfectants were tested for virucidal effect on three DNA viruses, bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1), vaccinia virus (VV) and canine adenovirus, and three RNA viruses, Newcastle disease virus (NDV), bovine enterovirus and bovine rotavirus. To the viruses coated on a cotton dressing gauze, all the disinfectants used had a virucidal effect on both enveloped DNA and RNA viruses and the disinfectants on the chlorine and aldehyde groups had the same effect on non-enveloped DNA and RNA viruses. To the viruses coated on a chicken egg-shell, all the disinfectants used had a destructive effect on both enveloped DNA and RNA viruses. To the viruses coated on poplar-wooden shavings, the disinfectants of the chlorine and aldehyde groups had a virucidal effect on some enveloped DNA and RNA viruses, VV and NDV, and the disinfectant of only the aldehyde group had a virucidal effect on all viruses.
Secondly, five disinfectants were tested for the durability of their virucidal effects on NDV and fowl adenovirus (FAV) after making their working solutions. The disinfectants of the orthodichloro-benzene-cresol and chlorine groups maintained their virucidal efficiency for 2-4 days on NDV, and the remainings for 2 days. In the presence of chicken feces as organic matter, the virucidal effect of the orthodichloro-benzene-cresol and chlorine groups were not influenced but that of the reverse soap group was strongly influenced and became invalid. Only the chlorine group maintained its virucidal effect on FAV for 2-4 days.View full abstractDownload PDF (683K) -
HIROAKI OGINO, TAISEI WATANABE, DAI NAKABAYASHI, MASAHIRO NABEYA, JINI ...1989 Volume 42 Issue 12 Pages 885-888
Published: 1989
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn January 1989, a 12-month-old cattle suddenly showed pyrexia, anorexia, depression, recumbency and spasm on a farm in Niigata Prefecture. The cattle was treated with antibiotics, but later slaughtered.
At necropsy, edema and some irregular areas of yellowish discoloration were found in the cerebral cortex. Discrete patterns of autofluorescence were observed in necrotic foci of the brain, when viewed under ultra-violet illumination with a wavelength of 365 nm. Histologically, lesions were characterized by a laminar necrosis of the cortex with shrunken, acidophilic neurons surrounded by a clear space. Infiltration of numerous macrophages and edema in some arteriolar walls and proliferation of microglias were also present in necrotic areas.
The brain thiamine levels were decreased markedly (0.24μg/g wet tissue). Moreover, thiamine levels were low in the liver and heart. No significant changes in blood thiamine level and erythrocyte transketolase were detected in other cattle on the same farm.
It was presumed that the present case was induced by a deficiency of thiamine.View full abstractDownload PDF (5315K)
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