The plate fixations were performed for 10 cases of tibial fractures in Japanese Black calves between 2016 and 2020. One of the cases had the re-fracture after plates removal and underwent second plate fixation. The calves ranged in age from 1 day to 4 months and weighed 30 to 105 kg. The plates used were a dynamic compression plate (DCP) in 3 cases, two DCPs in 2 cases, a locking compression plate (LCP) in a case, and an LCP and a DCP in 4 cases. All cases healed and returned to each intended use except one in which the fixation was collapsed. The choice of the type, length, and number of plates, as well as the precise techniques or procedures of surgery appeared to be critical. The plate fixation provided excellent prognosis for tibial fractures in calves without complications including obvious malunion, nonunion, or delayed growth.

Three Japanese Black breeding cows presented with anorexia, ananastasia, and hemostatic abnormalities, and subsequently died in the Amami Archipelago, Kagoshima, Japan. Serum biochemical analyses of the deceased cows and cohabiting cows pointed to severe liver dysfunction. In addition, Ageratum spp. was found in abundance in their most recent feed. Moreover, lycopsamine, a pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PAs), was detected in feed residues, grass field plants and the feces of the deceased cows. In light of these results and the possibility of nitrate poisoning having been eliminated, we concluded that the cases of mortality at hand can be attributed to plant poisoning caused by Ageratum spp. The hepatotoxicity of PAs and blood coagulation inhibition due to coumarin in Ageratum spp. was considered to be involved in the pathology. PAs were also detected in all 19 samples of Ageratum spp. collected in the Amami Archipelago and Okinawa, Japan. Overall, publicizing this incident and using it to shape future grassland management in an agricultural context will be of the utmost importance.

Cattle persistently infected (PI) with Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) were surveyed in dairy herds in Ibaraki Prefecture from 2018 to 2023. Antibody screening using bulk tank milk samples revealed that 69 out of 1,713 samples were positive. Follow-up tests on 7 of the 69 farms with antibody-positive samples identified 13 PI cattle. All PI cattle detected were calves or heifers. The BVDV gene was not detected in 527 milk tanker samples, indicating that there were no PI cows in the lactating herd. These results suggest that the introduction and spread of BVDV by PI cattle in dairy herds can be effectively prevented by identifying and culling PI cattle at the earliest possible age using milk tanker and bulk tank milk samples for viral RNA and viral-specific antibody detection in Ibaraki prefecture.

A 10-year-old, female spayed domestic shorthair cat was referred to our hospital with inspiratory stertor. Imaging tests revealed a movable cyst lesion on the soft palate. Under general anesthesia, a transparent viscous liquid, considered to be saliva, was collected by puncturing and draining the cyst. The cat underwent a partial surgical resection of the cyst. While a salivary mucocele originating from the minor salivary gland was the suspected cause, no minor salivary glands were found in a histopathological examination of the removed tissue. Therefore, the diagnosis was the cyst was caused by the respiratory epithelium. Clinical manifestation was completely improved after the partial surgical resection, and recurrence has not been observed up to 183 days after the first visit.

Thirteen broiler chickens with gastrointestinal tract duplication cysts, 44 to 49 days of age, were subjected to pathological investigation. In seven cases, the ellipsoidal cysts, measuring 28 to 70 mm in the greatest dimension, were closely attached to the distal ascending part of the duodenum and in three cases they were attached to the proventriculus. In one case the cyst was attached to the esophagus, in one case the cyst was attached to the jejunum and in one case it was attached to the mesenterium. Each cyst was unilocular and non-communicating and its lumina was filled with pale mucus. Histologically, all cystic walls consisted of lining epithelia similar to the intestinal mucosal lining, lamina propria, three layers of smooth muscular tissues and capsules. All cysts and digestive tracts possessed their own smooth muscular tissues. The lining epithelia formed significantly tall villous projections in the cysts closely attached to the duodenum. The results suggest that avian gastrointestinal tract duplication cysts predominantly possess their own smooth muscular tissues, and duodenal duplication cysts are characterized by attachment to the distal ascending part and formation of tall villous projections due to lining epithelia.