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Aki KONO, Yasuhiro KOGA, Kazuki TABARU, Seiji HOBOArticle type: Original Article
2022 Volume 75 Issue 11 Pages e191-e198
Published: 2022
Released on J-STAGE: November 15, 2022
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study evaluated the biofilm (BF)-forming ability of Escherichia coli isolated from the milk of dairy cows with bacterial mastitis and clarified the effects of five clinically used antibacterial agents on biofilms. Twenty-one of the 23 test strains formed biofilms. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum BF formation inhibitory concentration (MBIC) were low for fluoroquinolones. The minimum BF eradication concentration (MBEC) was high for all of the tested antimicrobial agents. From the results, systemic administration of fluoroquinolone antibiotics can suppress the growth of E. coli in the udder and also suppress BF formation. The inhibition of BF formation was considered impossible for CEZ and TYL. In addition, it was considered difficult to treat infections with any antibacterial drug after BF formation. From the above, fluoroquinolone antibacterial agents are considered to be effective in the treatment of mastitis caused by E. coli, and the importance of initial treatment with sensitive antibacterial agents before BF formation was reiterated.
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Makiko OZAWA, Yusuke KISHINO, Yu TSUYAMA, Takeshi KAWABATA, Takahiro U ...Article type: Short Communication
2022 Volume 75 Issue 11 Pages e199-e204
Published: 2022
Released on J-STAGE: November 30, 2022
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe records of 24 aged dogs that were presented to animal behavior clinics for nocturnal behavior were analyzed retrospectively. The major causes of nocturnal behavior were cognitive dysfunction syndrome (CDS), dermatological disease, neoplastic disease and Cushing's syndrome/pituitary tumor. Physical disease was diagnosed as the cause of nocturnal behavior in 84.2% of the dogs, which was larger than the CDS rate (52.6%). Dogs that showed both movement and vocalization in their nocturnal behavior had a CDS retention rate of approximately 90%, while dogs that showed only movement or only vocalization had a CDS retention rate of less than 40%. Although approximately 60% of dogs showed nocturnal behavior until death, approximately 20% completely recovered after resolution of the underlying condition. These results suggest that nocturnal behavior in aged dogs is more often associated with physical disease, and its prognosis varies depending on the primary disease. Therefore, differential diagnosis is crucial for clinical practice.
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