Testing for sugar of urine specimens is the first step in the mass screening for diabetes. Therefore, the method for collection of the urine specimens must be carefully selected. However it is one of the troubles in the mass screening to arrange so many glass vessels for the collection of urine specimens. Although the urine specimen at 2 hour after the breakfast is suitable for testing urine sugar, sometimes it becomes very difficult to collect such specimen by the usual glass vessel method.
The Wetpak method has been deviced by us for the collection of suitable urine specimens in mass screening for diabetes. The procedures are as follows:(1) A piece of clean filter paper treated with 0.2% solution of benzoic acid is soaked with the urine specimen, (2) the piece of the filter paper soaked with urine is put into a small polyethylene bag to be kept wet, (3) the bag is sent to the laboratories, (4) Tes-tape is used for testing urine sugar in the filter paper sent to the laboratories, a strip of Tes-tape must be strongly touched with the wet filter paper.
As the preliminary experiment the urine specimen which contained 0.04% glucose was used for the evaluation of the Wetpak. At the starting of the experiment Tes-tape showed one positive reaction with the urine specimen, 0.04% glycosuria, both directly and in the Wetpak method. Although the urine specimens kept in room temperature (22-28°C) for 30 hours or in a incubator (37°C) for 24 hours failed to show any reaction of glucose with Tes-tape, the piece of the filter paper in Wetpak kept in the same conditions as above showed one positive reaction of glucose with Tes-tape.
It seems to us that the Wetpak method is useful to collect the most suitable urine specimens for glucose test and to send to the laboratories with the minimum degradation of glucose in the specimens.

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As to prediabetic syndrome, including abortion, stillbirth, neonatal death and large baby etc, we observed the partners of 65 male diabetic patients, and checked them up with 69 female diabetics and 54 normal females. The following results were obtained:
1) No significant difference was noted in the abortion rate among any age groups;the rate was appreciably high, however, in those under 40 years old, considering 3.8% of the partners of male diabetics, 11.3% of female diabetics, and 8.0% of normal females.
2) The premature birth rate was rather high also in the diabetic group.
3) Many female diabetics complained of dysmenorrhea.
4) The birth rate of large baby was 14.0% in female diabetics, 5.1% in the partners of male diabetics, and 0.9% in normal females: the rate proved to be evidently high on the part of female diabetics. The significant difference was seen between the partners of male diabetic patients and the contrast groups. This tendency was clearer in those under 40 years old: 20.0% in female diabetics, 8.0% in the partners of male diabetics, and 4.3% in normal females.
5) Many female diabetics showed perinatal loss.
6) The correlation was observed between the birth rate of large baby and obesity of parents.
As stated above, so-called “prediabetic syndrome” is considered to appear with the approach of the onset of diabetes mellitus, judging from the results that abortion, premature birth, and large baby birth rates were higher in those under 40 years old.

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We observed 27 females who gave birth to large babies and 27 females who had normal babies. The following results were obtained by the examination of prediabetic syndome, reference to glucose metabolism, seven days before or after birth:
1) Lowering in the glucose tolerance was noted in females who had large babies in comparison to those in the contrast group.
2) The birth rate of large babies in females who had such babies was 58.8%. And it was presumed that the higher rate was obtained in the second children than the first children. The average birth weight of the normal babies of 27 females was 2908 g. That of the large babies, on the other hand, was 3785 g.
3) A considerably high rate of abortion (23.4%) was observed in females with large babies.
4) Many mothers' milk of large babies flowed well.
5) Many females who had large babies were of an obese type.
6) Of females with large babies, 3 cases (11.0%) were from diabetic families. Of those, 2 cases proved to be positive to the cortison-glucose tolerance test.
7) The same female with large babies gave birth to two malformed children.

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The frequency of neuropathy in 155 diabetic patients in Kyushu, Japan was found to be 43 percent. Duration of diabetes and in particular the status of control and the presence of microangiopathies appeared to influence the development of neuropathy. One of the important manifestations of diabetic neuropathy, the reduction in maximum conduction velocity of peripheral nerve fibers, was demonstrated in this study. A significant correlation was found between the reduction in maximum conduction velocity of peripheral motor nerve fibers and the presence of diabetic microangiopathies. Although treatment of diabetic neuropathy with large doses of several vitamins was attempted, improvement was noted in only a small percent of cases, and the effectiveness of such therapy is doubtful.
While the frequency of diabetic neuropathy was about the same in Japan as in westenrn countries, it occurred in a milder form, as did the biochemical and angiopathic manifestations of diabetes.

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