When I observed the Blood Water Picture after intravenous injection of 7% sodium bicar- bonate solution, I found that it caused the temporary hydraemia. Therefore it can be supposed that the sodium bicaobonate injection give good result for the recovery of which blood sludge oranasarca.even by the fact that increase the water content of the blood as one of many usefull effection,

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By ultraviolet analysis, the author investigated the nucleic acids which is closely related to the function of nerve cells. (I) Method (1) Eextraction of nucleic acids. (2) Use of the following methods a) microphotometry by Olympus ultraviolet microscope b) direct ultraviolet microphotometry (II) Material Experimental animals used were rats in method (1) and guinea pigs in method (2). (III) Experimental conditions 1. normal state 2. with sound stimulation 3. State of Dihydrostreptomycin intoxication (IV) Results In Method (1): 1. Nucleotide in audory pathway inceased temporarilly and then decreased by sound stimulation. When Vitamin A was added, it increased much more. 2. Nucleotide in auditory pathway decreased by DHSM intoxication. In Method (2) : 1. In the cytoplasm and nucleus of the normal nerve cells, absorption at 260 m was observed. 2. In the uucleoli, an intense absorption at 280 m . was observed. 3. By sound stimulation, ribose nucleic acids in the cytoplasm increased temporarilly and then decreased. 4. The author drew the inferense that the mechanism in the formation of the nucleotide of the cytoplasm was irterfered by DHSM intoxication.

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After intravenous injection of succinylcholine to induce the contraction of the middle ear muscles of the cat, an investigation on the transmission of sound through the conductive appa- ratus was made and following results were obtained. 1) The contraction of the tympanic muscles affected the transmission of sound, decreasing the amplitude of the cochlear potential at 400 -5000cps. 2) The effect on the conductive apparatus given by the contraction of the stapedius or the tensor muscle alone was smaller than that given by the contraction of both tympanic muscles. 3) From the above mentioned facts, the effect of the stapedius and the tensor muscle upon the conductive apparatus was assumed to be cooperative.

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By means of the air and bone conduction audiometries, twenty healthy persons who had played Mahjong all through the night were examined. At 2 a.m. and 4 a.m. 4000 cps drop was observed, expecially among those who were thought to be sympathicotonic. This hearing curve is similar to that of flicker test, so it was discussed that there might be a central factor in the etiology of C5 drop.

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We know from experience that the patients suffering from facial palsy complain frequently of hearing disorder, hyperacusis, especially in its early stage, which is regarded as a significa- nt symptom in focal diagnosis of the disease. That is to say, the hyperacusis in these cases has been considered to be due to paralysis of the stapedial muscle innervated by a branch of the facial nerve. However, the literature concerning it is very scanty from the otological point of view. The authors made some clinical observations on 32 patients with hyperacusis accompanied by facial palsy who visited the Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Clinic of University of Tokyo The results obtained were as follows: 1) There was no marked difference between both sexes in number of the cases. 2) The distribution of the patients in age covered from 20 to 39 years of age in the greatest proportion while none being observed under 10 years of age. 3) Etiology of the disease was undetermined in the vast majority of patients, except some cases caused by common cold, herpes zoster oticus or trauma. 4) The chief complaint as prodromal symptom was headache in most cases. 5) As to accompanied symptoms, tinnitus was frequently complained, disorder of the taste in 5 cases, that of the salivary secretion in 3 cases being observed at the same time. 6) In hearing examination, 19 cases revealed normal hearing threshold, increased in 13 cases decreased in none of the cases. 7) Based upon the audiograms, the patients were divided into four types as follows. (1) Type of normal hearing. (2) Type of abrupt high tone loss. (3) Type of gradual high tone loss. (4) Type of c5-dip. 8) In 28 cases examined by means of Fowler's binaural loudness balance test, 15 cases dis- played positive recruitment phenomenon including 8 cases of the normal hearing type, while 13 cases showed negative. 9) It was generally observed that the disappearance of hyperacusis was not paralled by the recovery of facial palsy. In some cases with permanent facial palsy, hyperacusis disappeared in early stage of the disease. 10) According to our observation, hyperacusis was complained even in a case whose facial nerve was injured at the region external to the stylomastoid foramen, peripheral to the bran- ching of the stapedial nerve. Conclusion; We gathered from these observations that the hyperacusis in facial palsy was partly due to the positive recruitment phenomenon, partly due to diplacusis. The term "hyperacusis " comp- lained in facial palsy is considered as an inadequate word to express its actual state as there was no one showed the increased hearing acuity among these cases complained of hyperacusis. For this reason, we offered the proposal to accept the term " Dysacusis stapedica" as more reasonable expression to elucidate this particular state of hearing.

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On 150 ossicles which have been removed by radical mastoid operation and on 51 temporal bones suffered from otitis media, observation was made. By the otoscopic examinatien those were classified into a group of central perforation and another group of attic perforation. Malleus : A) In the group of central perforation, defect of the ossicles was not observed in the most of the cases whose hearing loss was below 60db, but defect of the head and manubrium of the malleus was observed in several cases. B) In the group of attic perforation, defect of the ossicles was not observed in most cases whose hearing loss was below 40db, but the defect of the head was observed in several cases. Incus: A) In the group of central perforation defect of the long process of the incus was frequ- ently observed in the most of the cases whose hearing loss was around 60db. B) In the group of attic perforation, defect of the ossicles was not observed in the most of the cases whose hearing loss was below 40db, but defect of the body of the incus was observed in the cases whose hearing loss was more than 40db.

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Case No.1 : Fourteen-year-old male complained of nasal obstruction and epistaxis. A large tuberculoma which had developed primarily in the nasal septum was revealed. Case No.2: Fifteen-year-old female compleined of slight nasal obstruction. A tuberculoma was found in the right side of the nasal septum. In both cases, the diagnosis was confirmed by histological examination. The lesions were excised and the areas were irradiated by cobalt 60, and dihydrostreptomycin and P.A.S. were administered. After the treatment only a small pin hole perforation was observed in the first case. Necessity of early diagnosis and treatment was stressed.

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It has been rcognized that the acute otitis media occurs in the middle ear with well-developed pneumatisation, and chronic otitis media in that with the under-developed pneumatisation. Also some authors reported that the catarrhal otitis media was seen in the middle ear with the under- developed pneumatisation. It is the purpose of this paper to study the difference in the inci- dence of the chronic otitis media and ca-tarrhal otitis in regard to the pneumatisation of the affected ears. Authors studied the pneumatisation rentgenologically on 64 cases of catarrhal otitis in which the transudation had been confirmed in the tympanic cavity. In 50% of all cases moderate pneumatisation was revealed. In 20.3% underdeveloped and in 29.7% welldeveloped pneumatisa- tion was seen. In regards to the classification of the pneumatisation, authors divided all cases into 6 groups, according to the grade of extention of the cell figures on the X-ray films and designated the middle two groups as the moderate pneumatisation.

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The author studied the influence of nasal obstruction on the efficiency of work. Conclusions were as follows: 1. In those with nasal obstruction, there were obvious subjective symptoms and these were aggravated by the labor. 2. Subjective feeling of fatigue was influenced by the nasal obstruction. 3. In postoperative cases, those without improvement of nasal obstruction had more fatigue feeling than those with improved nasal obstruction. 4. Those with nasal obstruction showed higher value in flicker fatigue test even before the start of the work and the value remarkably became higher compared with those in normal in- dividuals. Effect of mental work was not great as that of muscular work. 5. These evidences were re:ognized also in experimental acute nasal obstruction. 6. Decreased repiratory function was observed in 30% of the case with chronic nasal ob- struction. 7. Decreased respiratory function was seen among those with postoperative residual nasal obstruction in similar frequency among the non-surgical patients with nasal obstruction. In those without nasal obstruction, the respiratory function was within normal limits. 8. Blood chemistry of those with nasal obstruction showed generally, low oxygenation, low oxygen saturation, and also slight decrease of total carbon dioxide and alkali reserve. 9. From above mentioned evidences, it seems like easy fatiguability in those with nasal obstruction is mainly due to anoxic anoxia caused by decreased respiratory function.

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For the evalutation of conservative treatment for maxillary sinusitis, the author performed the tests for ciliary function of maxillary sinus, the test for patency of maxillary ostium and sensitivity test of the causative organisms. The conclusions were as follows: 1. Sinus x-rays, Moljodol excretion function of maxillary sinus, the test for patency of maxillary ostium and sensitivity test of the casative organisms were done and the indication of conservative treatment was discussed. 2. Moljodol excretion function of maxillary sinus is influenced not only by ciliary function of the sinus mucosa but also greatly by the patency of the maxillary ostium. 3. Clinically, the patency of the maxillary ostium is very important and should be exami- ned prior to the treatment because it gives an idea concerning the condition of the sinus such -as excretion function and pathologic change of the mucosa, indication of the treatments and -prognosis. 4. Sensitivity test should be performed prior to the initial treatment in every case. 5. In the sensitivity study, the higher the resistance of the organisms to the antibiotics, the lower the ciliary function. 6. For the discussion of the indication of surgical treatment, above mentioned various examiantions should be performed and the possibility to restore the sinus function should be considered. The sinus function is greatly influenced by the patency of the ostium. 7. The patency of the maxillary ostium is one of the most important factors in the conse- rvative treatment of maxillary sinusitis.

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