日本耳鼻咽喉科学会会報
Online ISSN : 1883-0854
Print ISSN : 0030-6622
ISSN-L : 0030-6622
66 巻, 8 号
選択された号の論文の7件中1~7を表示しています
  • 田中 康夫
    1963 年 66 巻 8 号 p. 999-1017
    発行日: 1963/01/15
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    The endolymph in the scala media was replaced completely by the isotonic solutions of potassium chloride, sodium chloride, choline chloride and glucose. And also solutions which had variant potassium concentration, or Ringer's solution were used to perfuse the scala media. Then microphonics, summating potentials and action potentials in whole auditory nerve were taken by the vest ib ulo-tympanal recording. Simultaneously endocochlear potentials and negative intracellular potentials in organ of Corti were measured with a micropipette electrode. Variation of those potentials influenced by the displacement of the endolymph, were observed. Consequently both microphonics and action potentials revealed abruptly irreversible decrease in magnitude of the amplitude. Endocochlear potentials were kept relatively high after its gradual decrease. Those facts indicate that high potassium concentration in the endolymph is neccessary to maintain a high sensitibility in the microphonic. Though negative summating potentials and endocochlear potentials increased temporarily during the perfusion, it seemed to originate in dislocation of the basilar membrane to the side of the scala tympani. The post mortal endocochlear potential with negative polarity was present after the perfusion of any kind of solutions. It is comprehended that reverse of the polarity does not relate to the electolyte concentration in the endolymph, but relates to the electric source of potentials at the stria vascularis. When potassium ions disappeared in the endolymph, a very high potential difference between the scala media and the organ of Corti was reduced; however such a reduction was not parallel to the decrease in microphonics.
  • 小田 雅義
    1963 年 66 巻 8 号 p. 1018-1034
    発行日: 1963/01/15
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    1) The oxygen consumption of the cochlea of guinea pigs were measured by means of Warbvrg's manometer, immediately after the cochlea were taken out.
    2) The cochleas were dissected under stereomicroscope without damage to their membranous structures.
    3) Using glucose or succinate as the substrate, marked oxygen consumption of the cochleas was observed in vitro.
    4) The oxygen consumption of the cochlea increased in Krebs Ringer solution and decreased in the high potassium media, when the cochlear structure was maintained and the endolymphatic space was closed. When the scala media was opened to substrate fluid, the change in oxygen consumption of the cochlea was revesed.
    5) Cyanate influences the oxygen metabolism drogenase system was considered to be related with the activity of the cytochrome oxydase system.
    6) No Crabtreee effect was seen but the potassium effect was found to exist in the cochlea in the similar marmer as the brain tissue.
    7) It was considered that the endolymph, in which potassium in high density is found, was useful in activating the production of biochemical energy in the cochlea.
  • 内藤 儁, 辰己 敏文, 松永 亨, 松永 喬, 河村 泰男, 望月 隆昭
    1963 年 66 巻 8 号 p. 1035-1040
    発行日: 1963/01/15
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    We have reported that closure of eyes has an activity effect upon caloric nystagmus and an inhibitory effect upon the nystagmus during the rotation. The purpose of the present study is to elucidate the influence upon nystagmus of the three different states of eye-opening in a bright room, eye-opening in a dark room and eye-closure, with the help of E.E.G. findings in the Parieto-Occipital lead.
    Following three experiments were conducted on an assumption that one is optically stimulated and visually alert in the state of eye-opening in a bright room, visually alert but not optically stimulated in the state of eye-opening in a dark room and neither optically stimulated nor visually alert in the state of eye-closure.
    Experiment I.; In the above-mentiond three different states, Wtist's pendular test was performed with 10 normal persons using the damped pendular rotation chair worked by a spring, and the eye speed of nystagmus in both rapid and slow phases was recorded during the rotation.
    Experiment 2. ; Kobrak's deceleration test was performed with 10 normal persons using the same chair as used in Experiment I in the three different states. Eye speeds of nystagumus during the rota- tion and of postrotatory nystagmus were recorded.
    Experiment 3.; Eye speed of caloric nystagmus evoked with 30°C, 20cc water in 6 normal persons was recorded in the three different states.
    Result
    1) Eye speed of nystagmus during the rotation invariably decreased in the following order; in the state of eye-opening in a bright room, eye-opening in a dark room and eye-closure.
    2) Eye speeds of postrotatory nystagmus and of caloric nystagmus were invariably larger in the state of eye-opening in a dark room than in the state of eye-opening in a bright room, and they were usually smaller in the state of eye-closure than in the state of eye-opening in a dark room.
    3) As the result of analytical study of the three different states, an assumption was made that both optic stimulation and visual alertness existed in the state of eye-opening in a bright room, the former being deprived in the state of eye-opening in a dark room and that neither of them operated in the state of eye-closure.
    4) Based on the assumption mentioned in the result (3), an inference was drawn that deprivation of optic stimulation exerted an activating effect upon postrotatory nystagmus and caloric nystagmus and an inhibitory effect upon the nystagmus during the rotation. Deprivation of visual alertness on the other hand had an inhibitory effect upon all three kinds of nystagmus examined.
  • 切替 一郎, 野村 恭也, 飯沼 寿孝, 設楽 哲也, 岡部 一男, 長倉 真澄, 杉浦 茂, 石井 哲夫, 竹尾 康男, 寺尾 彬
    1963 年 66 巻 8 号 p. 1041-1049
    発行日: 1963/01/15
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    During the three year period from Jan. 1958 to Dec. 1960, we examined 21 cases diagnosed as otosclerosis in our department. Though we lacked histological observations for these cases, we were able to confirm the otosclerotic foci at and near the oval window under otoscopic direct vision at the time of fenestration and stapes mobilization. Incidence and sex incidence of otosclerosis in Japan differ from those in Europe and America, but age at onset, audiogram and other clinical signs and symptoms show no marked differences. Our present study concerned primarily with the operative and postoperative observations of fen- estration and stapes mobilization. As for the newly developed other operative methods, we look forward for the next occasion.
  • 山下 隆章, 川本 伸雄, 上田 定則, 上田 直昭
    1963 年 66 巻 8 号 p. 1050-1055
    発行日: 1963/01/15
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Among 42 patients with the struma carcinomatosa operated, the postoperative complication of the recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis ocurred in 22 cases. In these cases the relation between the paralysis and injury grade in the recurrent and superior laryngeal nerve at the thyroidectomy was investigated. A full recovery took place in 7 cases among these 22 cases, and for them the precise observation of transition in their vocal chord findi- ngs from the paralysis till the recovery were folowed up.
    (1) The vocal chords at the paralytic side of these 7 cases fixed in the median or para-median position at first, and showed the opening movement and the full healing in 6 months.
    (2) By recording of the electromyography of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles of these 7 cases with improvement of the paralysis, the necessity of the electromyographic investigation to judge the prognosis of the recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis was emphasized.
  • 立木 孝, 坂本 伸一郎, 本間 利美, 沼倉 昌雄, 相沢 宏
    1963 年 66 巻 8 号 p. 1056-1063
    発行日: 1963/01/15
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    The authors examined 101 cases who suffered from the inner ear deafness due to the exposure to intense sound especially from the viewpoint of its occurrence and progress of these cases.
    First the cases were classified into three groups according to the condition of the occurrence and progression. The deafness occurred very suddenly in 42 cases (first group) and slowly in 47 cases (second group) and the deafness occurred suddenly or slowly and it progressed for a long period after the cessation of the exposure in 12 cases (third group).
    Between these three groups the clear differences were noted in the clinical picture especially the bilaterality of the impairement, the shape of the audiogram and the grade of the hearing loss. In the first group, many cases showed the unilateral deafness or the bilateral deafness without symmetri- city but in the second and third group the cases showed dominantly the bilateral and symmetrical impairment. In the shape of audiogram, first group cases signify the variety of its appearance but in the second and third group the shapes of the high tone deafness was dominant. Further more from the viewpoint of the grade of the hearing impairment, the first group showed variety of impairment but in the second group most of the cases showed the hearing loss of below the 30 db level as the average of the speech range and in the third group the most cases showed the hearing loss of between 30 to 6C db level.
    These observations lead the authors to summa-rize the conclusions of this report as follows.
    (1) Three groups classified by the authors in this paper were assumed as three different manife-stations of three different injuring mechanism of the so-called acoustic trauma.
    (2) In the first group cases it is assumed that the sound is acting as a force and so it is very adequate to consider that the ear exposed to these intense sounds in accidents will always suffer from inner ear injuries.
    (3) In the second and third group cases the hereditary vulnerability must play a great role in the occurrence and progression of the deafness.
    (4) It is logical to assume that the second critical intensity level is the border line of the sound intensity that injures the inner ear as a force.
    (5) Sometimes the inner ear deafness due to the acoustic trauma will progress after the cessation of the exposure.
  • 野坂 保次
    1963 年 66 巻 8 号 p. 1064-1070
    発行日: 1963/01/15
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
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