A blindfolded chicken is placed without any restriction on a perch made on a rotatory chair and is rotated 100 times in 200 seconds to both directions every day for 4 weeks. At first the chicken is unable to adapt itself to this rotatory motion i.e. the head, trunk, wings and tail move violently with each rotatory motion and finally it falls off the perch to the floor. However, with the daily repetition of this rotatory motion the chicken becomes capable of adapting itself smoo-thly to the dynamic motion after 2-4 weeks; i.e. the original unstable postures of the head, trunk, wings and tail are countermanded by new stable postures which just are the mirror image of the postures at the beginning. Fukuda et al could demonstrate that these new postures resulted from establishment of a labyrinthine reflex of a higher order, which enables the chicken to adapt the dynamic motion, therefore Fukuda named this process "Training" and this result "Trainining effect".
In Fukuda's investigation, a blindfolded chic- ken was placed without restriction in any way on a perch. Therefore, not only the vestibular la- byrinths but also the proprioceptive organs should have been stimulated by rotatory motion. In order to know how the proprioceptive organs par- ticipate in the establishment of the training effect (a labyrinthine reflex of a higher order), the head, neck, trunk, wings and tail were restricted separa- tely or combinedly in the following various ways and the chicken was trained for 4 weeks by rota-ting it in each direction 10 times daily for periods of 6 minutes respectively using the so-called li- minal rotation, that is, acceleration of 3° per second to a maximum speed of 180° per second. The groups of chickens which were subjected to various types of restraint during the training are arranged below in the order of the facility with which the training was accomplished.
1. Blindfolded chickens which were placed on a perch without restriction in any way.
2. Blindfolded chickens of which the trunk and wings were fixed with i plaster cast and which were placed on a perch made in a box.
3. Blindfolded chickens of which the trunk and wings were fixed with a plaster cast and which were placed in a box without any perch.
4. Blindfolded chickens of which the head, trunk and wings were fixed with a plaster cast and which were placed on a perch made in a box.
5. Blindfolded chickens of which the head, trunk and wings were fixed with a plaster cast and which were placed in a box without any perch.
The results show that the training effect is gained by virtue of the vestibular7 labyrinths and the proprioceptive organs distributing in the whole body. Therefore, the author believes that the training for the air and space flight should be performed in this way; i.e. not only the vestibular labyrinths but the proprioceptive organs of the whole body should be trained simultaeneously.
Even a trained chicken cannot maintain a good equilibrating posture during rotatory motion and falls to the floor, after a lapse of a month's untrained interval. However, it soon recovers its good equilibrating function through repetition of rotation for a few days or for a week.

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The present report is concerned with the pos- sible effects of various ototoxic drugs upon the enzymatic ATP-hydrolyzing system in the stria vascularis and spiral ligament of the guinea pigs which were intoxicated with these drugs by pa-renteral administration. The membrane ATPase, which is said to be closely related with the active transport of both sodium and potassium across the biological membranes, showed a decrease in com- parison to the normal cases, whereas the ouabain-insensitive componenent showed an increase. The ATP-hydrolyzing system as a whole did not yield any common results.
The vestibular portion of the membranous labyrinth showed rather bizzare picture, so that no generalization of the changes was possible.

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Pendular rotation test was performed on four different visual conditions, a) the subject was directed to; gaze at a fixed target b) to watch stripes instructed as he was rotated c) to close the eyes, and d) to open the eyes behind an eye- patch.
In the course of c), the subject was asked to do calculations (c').
The amplitude of pendular rotation was approximately 90°.
The period of pendular rotation was _??_5 sec. Ocular deviation was recorded electronystagmo-graphically with a time constant of 6 sec. The speed of eye deviation was simultaneously regis-teredwith a time constant of 0.015 sec.
As shown in Fig. I, normal test-subjects showed smooth "sine wave " ocular deviations when rotated while gazing at a fixed target. The eye deviation in a) was largest and decreased in the following order, b), c), (c') and d).
In b), eye deviation was also large. A nystagmus of a large amplitude was always superim-posed upon the sine wave.
In c), eye deviation was less than in b), and about the half of that seen in a). The deviation curve showed a sine-wave configuration when no nystagmus was provoked, which was the case for the majority of the observations.
When calculation was imposed (c'), nystagmus was induced.
In d), eye deviation was the smallest of all Cases which had peripheral labyrinthine lesions showed generally no different pattern from those of normal recording.
Cases with central lesions showed some parti-cular patterns on pendular rotation test which va-ried depending on the cases.
In a), some showed nystagmus and saccadic eye tracking. They had a kind of disturbance in oculomotor system.
In b), disturbances were not so clearly shown as by optokinetic pattern (OKP) test, probably because the vestibular input assists the reaction.
In c), some cases with central lesions showed irregularities in deviation curves.
In some cases with central lesions the ocular deviation and total amplitude in c), c) and d) were significantly large. These two characteristics in c) and d), that is, the distortion and the large amplitude of ocular deviation were among the important findings to be looked for in central lesions.

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Recently, many questions have been presented on the air streams in the nasal cavity, including the many unknown about the air stream in the paranasal sinus, the postoperative nasal cavity and the regenerated paranasal sinus.
This thesis treated the route of the air st- reams through the direct observation on corpses.
1. The route of the air streams in the nasal cavity.
2. The route of the air streams in the para-nasal sinus.
3. The route of the air streams in the post-operative nasal cavity and the regener-ated paranasal sinus.
a) The air streams in the postoperative nasal cavity.
b) The air streams in the regenerated para nasal sinuses at the five weeks after combined sinectomy.
At breathing in normal case of the nasal cavi- ty and the paranasal sinus, air runs out of the paranasal sinus during expiratory phase.
At transitive phase it pours suddenly, and then gradually through inspiratory phase. Also, in the case of the postoperative regenerated para- nasal sinus, air stream takes the regular route ac- cording to the nasal forms.
This thesis was to study the model form of the sinus of wound, which was united by the combined ethmoidectomy and maxillotomy several weeks before, and to treat the complex air route arised between sinus of wound and the nasal ca- vity through opened way to medius meatus and inferior meatus window.

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Author used 30 kids in an experimental study to observe the re-pneumatisation of the frontal sinus after the operation and to observe relation- ship between the sinus and the ductus nasofron- talis during development. The kid's frontal sinus was most suitable for the experimental study of regeneration, because each kid's frontal sinus had difference in its growth degree or pneumatisation.
As the experimental method, author observed the difference of the re-pneumatisation phenome- non of the frontal sinus occurred in the degree of removal of .the facial wall and in the existence of clossure of the ductus nasofrontalis, and the relativity between the components of the sinus and its ductus nasofrontalis.
The following results were obtained.
1) Between the differece of pneumatisation of the frontal sinus and ductus nasofrontalis, the relativity was that the ductus nasofrontalis, was small in bad pneumatisation cases and the ductus nasofrontal is was large in good pneumatisation cases of its frontal sinus.
2) Granulation-increase was stronger from the eary time in the wide removed group than in the preserved group of the facial wall.
And the frontal sinus was obliterated comple- tely within 6 months in the fromer, on the other hand, in the latter the frontal sinus was not obli- terated, although the reduction of its sinus was noticed. In these cases, obliteration or reduction of the sinus was more speedy in the cases of bad pneumatisation of the frontal sinus befor operative procedure.
3) In the sides found of closurer of the duc- tus nasofrontalis, granulation-increase was stronger and obliteration or reduction of sinus was more speedy than the sides remaining the ductus fron- talis.
4) Re-pneumatisation began after 6 months in the wide removed group and after 5 months in the preserved group of the facial wall.
In these cases, the time of re-pneumatisation of the sinus was earier in the good pneumatisation before the operation.
5) Re-pneumatisation of the sinus was seen in the side remaining the ductus nasofrontalis, on the other hand, in the side noticed of closure of the ductus re-pneumatisation was not found.
6) By keeping a condition of artificial control- led pneumatisations-suppression, the ductus naso- frontalis became large and in addition, the hyper- function of the mucous membrane of the ductus was showed microscopically, in agreement with definite days or months after the operation.
This fact agreed with the theory in the deve- lopmental process between the ductus and sinus which were found in common pneumatic organ.

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Author's Abstract
A considerable difference of opinions exists in regard to the maldevelopment of the palate after surgery of cleft palate.
In order to solve these problems 20 young growing dogs were used. Five of them were growing dogs were used. Five of them were unoperated on as control, and the remaining ani- mals on which unilateral surgical procedure was performed on their left palate. Ten months after operation, these animals were sacrificed, and a comparison was made between the hard palate of the operated and the unoperated, and the fol- lowing results were obtained.
1) There was no remarkable asymmetry on the palatal bone in the cases which had surgery in the form of raising mucoperiosteal flap and partial removal of the bony palate.
2) In addition to the above surgical procedu. res, a small strip of tissue was removed from the median edge of the flap and this flap was displa. ced medially to cover the bone defect. In this case, maldevelopment of the palatal bone was ob- served on the operated side.
3) For the prevention of such a maldevelop- ment of the palatal bone, autograft of the cartilage was used on the bone cleft, and it proved to be very effective. But application of heterografting (using silicon rubber) to the same case was not fruitful.

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This report presents the results of the treat- ment of cancer of the vocal cords by the staff members of radiotherapy and throat, nose and ear clinics of Osaka University Hospital.
Between the years of 1958 and 1965, a total of 127 consecutive patients were seen, of whom 62 cases received surgical treatment and 65 cases were referred to radiotherapy.
External irradiation was from Tele-Cs source. However the local recurrence occurred in sixteen irradiated cases. A pathological study was made mainly on those radio-resistant cases.
On the pathological typical findings from tho- se radio-resistant specimens, some concept was gi- ven definitely that some characteristic findings were ulceration, marked fibrosis in the stroma, active cancer cells, degenerative muscle and its fibrinoid degeneration, subepithelial spread to sub- glottic space, impaired movement of the cords and edema of the arytenoids.

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Registered 1, 077 autopsy cases of malignant tumors originating in the oto-rhino-laryngeal re- gion were collected from Annals of the Patholo- gical Autopsy Cases in Japan (1958 to 1963). These cases were 5.4% of all 27.144 malignant tumor cases which were 38.4% of all 70, 629 au- topsy cases. Site of origin : Of 1, 077 tumor cases, 453 cases (42%) had a tumor in the nasal and paranasal cavity, 244 cases (22%) in the hypop- harynx, larynx and cervical oesophagus, 129 cases (12%) in the tongue, and 165 cases (15%) in the oral cavity and pharynx, respectively.

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Les auteurs ont etudie certains modifications biochimiques qui apparaissent au niveau de la periymphe apres stimulations du ganglion cervical superieur chez le cobaye. L'index etudie consiste en l'apparition de la courbe de precipitation des gamma globulines lorsque l'immuno-electrophorese est effectuee en utilisant des quantites de perily- mphe variant entre I et 3.5 microlitres.
En de telles conditions la positivite du test (sur 177 cas) est de 8%-apres irritation mecanique du ganglion cervical superieur (apparition d'un syndrome de Claude Bernard Horner du niveau du globe oculaire homologue) le test devient po- sitif dans 20 a30% des cas. Il est done certain comme la clinique le laissait entrevoir que le sympathique cervical possede une action directe sur l'oreille interne et qu'en particulier it est susceptible de modifier la biochimique de la per- ilymphe.
SUMMARY
The Authors have studied some modifications of the biochemical composition of the perilymph after stimulation of the superior cervical sympa- thic ganglion in the guinea pig. The "index" chosen is the finding of the precipitation cur- ve of the gamma globulins during immuno-ele-ctrophoresis of precise quantities of perilymph (from 1 to 3.5 microliters). Under such condi. tions normally the test is positive in 8% of the cases after mechanical irritation of the ganglion whose reality is assumed when appear a Claude Bernard Horner syndrome : the test becomes po- sitive in 20 to 30% of the cases depending whether the homologous or heterologous perilymph is tes- ted. So it is certain that, as chemical studies had already surmised, the cervical sympathic sys- tem has a direct action on the inner ear and mo- re precisely that he is all to change they bioche- mical composition of the perilympatic fluids.

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