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78 巻, 7 号
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清水 真臣1975 年 78 巻 7 号 p. 575-581
発行日: 1975/07/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe aim of this study is to report the results of hearing tests on the patients suffered from cerebral apoplexy. Audiological evaluations were performed on 90 patients. They were divided into two groups; hemiplegia group (72 cases) and aphasia with hemiplegia group (18 cases). The range of age was from twenties to fifties. Various kinds of audiometric tests including pure tone test, recruitment test, TTS test, speech test, filtered speech test, interrupted speech test, binaural summation test and directional hearing test were performed on all patients.
The average pure tone loss for the speech frequency range was within 15 dB in a large majority of patients.
The results were as follows;
A) The recruitment phenomenon was recognized in 5 cases of hemiplegia hemiplegia group and TTS phenomenon was also recognized in only one case of hemiphegia group.
It was considered that the phenomena might have no relation to cerebro-vascular accident. B) Speech tests in both groups showed a high incidence of abnormality.
C) The abnormal findings by the filtered speech test were presented in 68 cases (94%) of hemiplegia group and 15 cases (83%) of aphasia with hemiplegia.
The abnormalities by the interrupted speech test were presented in 58 cases (89%) of hemi-plegia group and 15 cases (83%) of aphasia with hemiplegia group. Mere was no difference of incidence of abnormalities in both tests.
D) The abnormal findings by the binaural summation test were less than 40% in both groups.
E) The abnormalities by the directional hearing test were not remarkably found in both groups; 8 cases in hemiplegia group and 1 case in aphasia with hemiplegia group.
This test was thought not valuable for the topographical diagnosis of the lesions of the cerebral auditory pathway.
F) The low discrimination scores in the ear of hemiplegic side appeared in 65% of the hemiplegia group and 83% of the aphasia with hemiplegia group.
Therefore the ear of the low discrimination scores and hemiplegic side better agreed in aphasia with hemiplegia group than in hemiplegia group.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (567K) -
振子様回転に対する反応について久保 武, 松永 亨1975 年 78 巻 7 号 p. 582-590
発行日: 1975/07/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーVestibular neuronal response to pendular rotation was examined over the frequency range of 0.15-0.35 Hz and the amplitude of 110- Neuronal activity was picked up by a glass microelectrode filled with lithium carmine solution, amplified by a conventional circuit and displayed on an oscilloscope. Firing frepuencies through an analogue counter were recorded by a pen recorder. Response pattern was computed by the on-line computer and stimulus-frequency curve was photographed on a polaroid film from an oscilloscope display.
During the rotation, cellular firing waxed and waned around the resting level in an approximately sinusoidal manner. Response patern was either all-round or threshold cut-off depending on the strength of the angular acceleration and the rate of the resting discharge.
The firing frequency of most vestibular neurons (112 out of 126 neurons) tended to be in phase with angular velocity (phase lag re angular acceleration was about 90-). Whereas, that of 14 neurons was corresponded to angular acceleration rather than the velocity (phase lag was almost 0-). Physiological meanings of wide ranged phase lag of rat vestibular neuron were discussed referring to the studies of the cat and monkey. Then the frequeacy range of 0.15-0.35 Hz was presumed to be the transitional frequency range from angular acceleration to velocity. It was, therefore, inferred that the resonant frequency of rat horizontal canal was higher than 0.35 Hz.
Directionality of the cellular firing was examined in 115 units, of which 59 were type I (e.g. cells on left side excited by left-going velocity), 53 were type II (reversed type with type I neuron), 2 were type III (cells excited by bidirectional rotation) and 1 belonged to type IV (cells inhibited during rotation). From the finding that type III and IV neurons were probably related to reticular formation, these neurons were assumed to take part in producing such reactions as vertigo, nausea and paleness etc. during rotation抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1608K) -
森満 保, 平島 直子, 安田 宏一1975 年 78 巻 7 号 p. 591-600
発行日: 1975/07/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーClinical results of amidotrizoate therapy of sudden deafness during the last year were reported. Amidotrizoate used in this'therapy was 76% Urografin and it was injected intravenously 1--2m1 daily. Clinical data and audiograms of 17 cases which showed complete of almost complete recovery were showed in the tables and figures. The interval between onset of deafness and beginning of therapy was on an average 7days, the longest 43 days and the shortest 3days. The period during which hearing recovered was on an average for 7 days, most frequent by for 5 days. Three cases with bilateral hearing loss recovered bilaterally, but the pre-existing hearing loss showed no recovery. Clinical data of 15 cases showing no recovery were also reported and discussed. It was noed that the unrecovered cases were those with vertigo, those in which the beginning of theray was lated over 3 weeks and those in which some presumable causes of deafness had been found. In order to comfirm whether or not the new therapy was really effective the rate of recovery of hearing loss was compared with that of Simmons' report and that of our own cases of recoverd completely by another therapy. It was concluded that the amidotrizoate was a specific medicament for the treatment of sudden deafness. From the results obtained, it was prsumed that sudden deafness should be a "barrier break deafness", "endolympb deafness" or "stria vasularis抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (781K) -
特に蝸牛軸血管を中心として松原 浄1975 年 78 巻 7 号 p. 601-618
発行日: 1975/07/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe vascular anatomy of the cochlea had been well investigated since the end of the 18th century on account of its morphological interest. Regarding details of the modiolar vessels, however, only a few literature can be seen though its outline was clarified already.
In recent years, scanning electron microscopy has been applied to medical and biological investigations with fruitful results. With a scanning electron microscope the author observed stereographically the cast of the modiolar vessels of guinea pigs reproduced by a corrosion casting technique. It seemed much more useful than the conventional contrast medium injection method in observing fine, complicated and three-dimensional distribution of the blood vessels as in the modiolus.
First, u kind of resin (methacrylic methyl ester) was injected into the blood vessels of live guinea pigs. After taking the temporal bone out of the animal, it was decalcified and macerated completely. Then a cast of the cochlear vessels was taken and observed with a scanning electron microscope. A pair of photos differing in the view angle by 7- were taken simultaneously, and observed with a stereoviewer.
The results obtained were as follows:
1. The arteria cochleae propria taking a various serpentine or winding course runs spirally around the modiolus up to the apex, where it divides into several terminal branches, namely, the radiating arterioles.
2. The primary branches of the a. cochleae propria run along the main stem, soon divide into several secondary branches, which further ramify, form spring coils and radiate to the wall of the scala vestibuli or spiral lamina. The radiating arterioles that are ramified from a secondary branch never trespass in those of the neighboring secondary branch.
3. Most of the cochlear venous blood is drained to the vena spiralis posterior, but a part of the venous blood from the modiolus is drained to the v. auditiva interna.
4. Half of the specimens show a well developed venous branch which shunts venous blood of the apical turn to the v. spiralis posterior of the third turn.
5. The a. cochleae propria and its main branches, especially at the basal and the second turns, give off many small twigs which form capillary mesh around the modiolus.
6. The ganglion spirale reveals a characteristic capillary network.
7. A mass of capillaries supplied from tiny twigs of the a. cochleae communis and drained to the v. auditiva interna, are seen in the meatus acusticus internus.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (6857K) -
第1報:検査法の開発ならびに末梢前庭性眩量と中枢前庭性眩暈の簡易鑑別診断のために坂田 英治, 小堀 一二, 煤田 悦生, 高橋 邦丕, 大都 京子1975 年 78 巻 7 号 p. 611-622
発行日: 1975/07/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーDuring the examination of patients who complain of vertigo or who have equilibrium disorders, it is often difficult to determine the etiology of the disorder, that is to determine whether it is dependent on a peripheral or central vestibular disorder. In an attempt to determine the etiology in these cases, we devised a new method, the caloric eye tracking pattern test (CETP-Test).
Twelve normal subjects and 95 patients were tested. The latter group included 17 with per-pheral disorders such as Meniere's disease, benign paroxysmal positional nystagmus, and others, and 78 with central disorders such as vertebral basilar artery insufficiency, Wernicke's encephalopathy, and others. The cases of central disorders were limited to those patients whose eye tracking pattern, before the caloric stimulation was normal.
In normal subjects and in patients with peripheral disorders, as is well known caloric nystagmus had no influence on the eye-tracking pattern. In contrast, in patients with central vestibular disorders, caloric nystagmus evoked superimposed abnormalities or saccades on the eye tracking pattern, in spite of the fact that eye tracking pattern before the caloric stimulation was normal.
It is obvious that in normal subjects and in patients with vestibular periphral disorders, there are no oculomotor disorders. The efore even if vestibular asymmetry is revealed by the caloric test, neither superimposed nystagmus nor saccades is evoked. In some cases of central disorder of the oculomotor system is slight, the eye tracking pattern is normal. It seems however that once the vestibulais asymmetry is shown by the caloric test, the latent saccadic movements are evoked. In regard to, a vascular lesion, since the disorder is reversible, the caloric eye tracking pattern will be also reversible during recovery. With an irreversible organic disorder, of course, the caloric eye tracking pattern remains constant These results allow us to make the differential diagnosis between peripheral and central disorders.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (7855K) -
池田 正夫1975 年 78 巻 7 号 p. 623-637
発行日: 1975/07/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーA histopathological study of nodules of lymphoid tissue and the crypts of human palatine tonsils removed from fetus, neonates and adults was made to clarify the relation of the development of the tonsils, as one of the lymphoid organs, to its reactive process against the pathogenic micro-organism.
Specimens were collected from 247 cases of various ages ranging from a 17-week embryo to a 82-year-old patient, and were studied under light microscope. The results obtained were as follows;
1) The fetal tonsils were made up of well organized nodules of lymphoid tissue and the crypts and elicited no particular reaction.
2) The neonatal tonsils were characteristic in the development of the surrounding tissues of nodules of lymphocytes, reticulum cells and endothelial cells played an important part to the reactive process against the stimulating antigens, contrary to the adult tonsils in which plasma cells, secondary nodules and crypts played the same role.
3) The tonsils in the embryo underwent profound alternation after 35 weeks.
4) It was presumed that there was a close relation between the chronological change of histology of the tonsils and the alternation of the immunoglobulins and the bacterial flora usually found in the tonsils.
5) Lymphoepithelial symbiosis in the crypts developed in the early stage of the embryo, and after seven months, reticular transformation and cellular infiltration of the epithelial lining of the cr ypts became prominent.
6) Reticular transformation and cellular infiltration of the lining epithelium of the crypts coincided with the widening of the crypt orifice.
7) The development of the tonsils terminated at between 7 months and 7 years of age and the tonsils were in a much more active state in this period of life. Though the tonsils had been thought to tend to become atrophic or degenerative with advancing age, they persistently showed a reactive alternation of and around nodules of lymphatic tissue even in the aged, and this fact suggested that the immunological functions of the tonsils in the aged differed from that in the young.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2922K)
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