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91 巻, 8 号
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橋本 紘治1988 年 91 巻 8 号 p. 1179-1190
発行日: 1988年
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe thermosurgery of the tonsils is a new treatment for the patients with habitual tonsillitis, chronic tonsillitis, tonsillo-genous focal infections, and other inflammatory tonsils.
A precise study was conducted on the technical safety of this treatment, the post-operative changes of the wounds, the histopathological evaluations, the transitions of findings in laboratory examinations, and the long-term results of the clinical effects.
In total, 633 patients, ranging from 4 to 78 years old, were treated by means of this method of thermosurgery.
Following the surgery, the thick necrotic surface of the tonsils had disappeared, while smaller tonsils with the new epithelium were found 7 to 10 days afterwards.
As for the histopathological changes, this surgery brought about marked enlargement of the lacunae, reduction of the size and number of the germinal centers.
The scar and the granulation tissue were not prominent.
Laboratory examinations indicated that there was a tendency for many abnormal findings to return to normal, along with the improvement of the clinical situation.
Questionnaires were circurated to the 633 patients treated by this method, 50.4% of whom responded. Their responses revealed that the surgery resulted in much improvement of their complaints; e.g. effectiveness in 86.4% of recurrent fever, 84.9% of sore throat, and 77.1% of continuous slight fever. Therefore, the effects of the thermosurgery of the tonsils were almost the same as those of the tonsillectomy.
This surgery was of great advantage in that it could be done easily and safely enough in the outpatient clinic, since the bleeding usualy did not occur and the post operative pain was very slight.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2355K) -
小笠原 真弓1988 年 91 巻 8 号 p. 1191-1201
発行日: 1988年
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe occurrence of the Type V Békésy audiogram and its auditory and physiological significance were studied by investigating Békésy audiograms with the cases, of functional hearing loss and most comfortable loudness trackings by Békésy audiometry in 10 normal hearing subjects.
Following results were obtained
1) 36 of 43 ears with functional hearing loss (or 83.7%) exhibited the Type V patterns in Békésy audiometry.
2) The appearances of the Type V Békésy audiograms were 112 of 120 trials of MCL trackings by 10 normal hearing subjects.
3) The audiogram of MCL trackings were almost saucer type patterns and its levels were from 55 to 70 dB.
4) MCL tracking levels increased linearly as the duty cycle (20, 50, 80 and 100%) decreased. There was no significant relation between MCL tracking levels and repetition periods (300, 500, 700 and 1000msec).
5) This study suggested that the duty cycle gave most significant influence upon the loudness tracking levels, comparing the on time and the off time.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (665K) -
古川 仭, 上出 文博, 作本 真, 三輪 高貴, 梅田 良三1988 年 91 巻 8 号 p. 1202-1207
発行日: 1988年
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーCancer cells may interact with normal host cells, during various steps of the tumor mass formation. This interaction is supposed to modify the biological characteristics of cancer cells and cause the gene's expression. Therefore, we investigated the expression rate of EBV early antigen (EA) and viral capsid antigen (VCA) by means of coculture of nasopharyngeal hybridoma cells and fibroblast cells. The former cells are EBV genome-positive but non-producer cells.
We observed an enhancement effect of EBV antigen by coculturing the epithelial cancer cells and mesenchymal fibroblast cells. It was considered that intercellular communication have some influences on the reactivation of EBV genome and production of the viral particles.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1895K) -
フィブリン糊とナイロン糸による修復法の比較検討西平 茂樹1988 年 91 巻 8 号 p. 1208-1212
発行日: 1988年
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーExperiments were performed on 20 Sprague-Dawley white rats. In 10 rats a simple neurotomy was performed in the sciatic nerve in the region between the superior gluteus branch and the division into peroneal and anterior tibial nerves. In the second group of 10 rats a 1cm segment of sciatic nerve was excised bilaterally. This segment was then reversed end-to-end and interposed into the defect. The neurotomy and the nerve graft were repaired on one side by microsurgical 10-0 nylon suture technique. The opposite side was repaired using two component fibrin adhesive. The results of the repair were assesed at 12 weeks after the operation. By inspection the success rate was 100% for the neurotomy repaires in both the nylon suture and fibrin adhesive repaires. For the nerve graft groups the repair was successful in 100% of nylon suture repairs and in 80% of the fibrin adhesive repairs. Functional assessment of nerve regeneration was performed in those rats with intact repair sites. Assessments consisted of measurement of nerve muscle twitch strength (NMTS) and compound action potential (CAP) parameters measured proximal and distal to the repair site. NMTSs were not significantly different (p>.05) between nerves repaired using nylon suture and fibrin adhesive. CAP parameters were significantly better (p<.05) in nerve grafts repaired using suture technique. The current animal model for fibrin adhesive repair is no better than nylon suture repair and may lead less effective nerve regeneration as determined by CAP parameter.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (405K) -
加瀬 康弘, 飯沼 壽孝, 小山 和行1988 年 91 巻 8 号 p. 1213-1219
発行日: 1988年
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーIn our previous report, we investigated several factors which cause apparant thickening of the walls of maxillary sinus. We confirmed, however, that the major factor for the sinal wall thickening is the artifact of CT. In present study, we report the results obtained by phantom models of isolated maxillary bone and egg shell. As the substance corresponding to the soft tisse density, solutions of CaCl2 in various concentrations were used. In the maxillary bone studies, the thickness of the anterior sinus wall by CT was larger than the actual value even though only the air was contained. When solutions of CaCl2 were contained and in touch with the anterior wall, the thickness by CT was larger than that of containing air. In the egg shell studies, the increase in thickness by CT correlated to the increase in percentage of solutions. The above results indicate that the apparent increased thickness of the sinal walls by CT is largely the artifact by CT and is dependent upon the soft tissue density or CT value (X-ray attenuation coefficient) of substances in touch with the sinal walls.
In CT images obtained by clinical cases, the increased thickness of the sinal walls, in sinuses filled with soft tissue density, is more apparent than real.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2696K) -
豚実験例における蜂巣発育,抑制過程との比較から青木 和博, 清水 佐和道, 江崎 史朗, 本多 芳男1988 年 91 巻 8 号 p. 1220-1227
発行日: 1988年
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーIt is generally believed that an intimate connection exists between chronic middle ear inflammatory conditions and inhibited growth of the pneumatized cellulae. In our previous report, we demonstrated the process of inhibited pneumatization in experimental studies using pigs. In the present study the histological study for the process of pneumatization was done using frontal sections of temporal bones by 100 sides of human fetuses between 16th and 36th week of pregnancy.
Until the middle phase of pregnancy, the cavities of mesotympanum, epitympanum and antrum are observed around the otic capsule but the other cells are not observed. The formation of these cavities is done only by absorbing the spongy bone sorrounding the otic capsule. In the late phase of pregnancy, the lateral development of temporal bone begins to start, especially in that portion which later gives rise to the mastoid process. The development of cavities in this portion is more active than other lateral portions. In these lateral portions, the expansion of pneumatic space is rapid and the formation of cellulae is heralded by the active bone metabolism, both by absorbing the bone tissues and by making new trabecular bones. This active bone metabolism is similar to the one that we observed in the experimental study using pigs. By the normal process of the pig's pneumatization with active bone metabolism, the middle ear inflammatory stimulus influenced adversely this active bone metabolism and inhibited the growth of cellulae causing inhibited pneumatization. From the results of this human fetal study, it is clear that the experimental inhibitory process of pneumatization seen in pigs will also apply to the human temporal bone, and the portion with active bone metabolism will be more affected.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3786K) -
三浦 巧1988 年 91 巻 8 号 p. 1228-1236
発行日: 1988年
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーネコ喉頭粘膜知覚受容器より60個の求心性発射を記録した.2個のみが遅順応性で,残りはすべて速順応性を示した.このうち速順応性を示した受容器の正弦波振動刺激に対する周波数特性を測定し,以下の結果を得た.
1. 42個の知覚受容器の周波数特性が得られ,それらは3つのグループに分類できた.
2. FHグループの受容器は500Hzまで1対1の応答を示し,各周波数において約10μmの振幅に反応した.FLグループは140Hzまで応答し,20～40Hzに至適周波数を持っていた.FMグループはFHとFLの中間の性質を示した.
3. FH•FMグループは喉頭後部に,FLグループは声帯下部に多く分布していた.
4. FHグループは4.5～27.5mg, FLグループは4.5～67.6mgの圧に反応したが,両者の平均値の間に有意差はなかった.
5. これらの求心性発射は表面麻酔によって速やかに抑制された.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1332K) -
藤田 浩志1988 年 91 巻 8 号 p. 1237-1243
発行日: 1988年
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリー我々の研究施設に発生した内耳奇形ハムスターを電気生理的(ABR,AP,CM,SP)に検討した.
1. 内耳奇形ハムスターは,形態的に外有毛細胞第1列の聴毛における個々の配列は正常であるが,細胞間の調和がなく色々の方向に向いている.左右差なく,全回転に及んでいて全体の70～85%の聴毛が変化を示すものであった.
2. ABR,SPでは正常と差は認められず内耳奇形ハムスターは,正常の聴力を示すものと思われた.
3. CM出力は50～85dBSPLの間で有意に内耳奇形ハムスターが低下を示し,APの振幅は50～80dBSPLの間で有意に低下を示していた.
4. このことより,哺乳類の蝸牛感覚細胞にも極性があること,実際に計測されるCM出力は,外有毛細胞3列がそれぞれ反応し,その総和を記録していることを証明した.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1617K) -
八木 聰明, 馬場 俊吉, 森園 徹志1988 年 91 巻 8 号 p. 1244-1249
発行日: 1988年
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリー今回の検討は,鼓室形成術の術後聴力の評価を行うための基準作成の参考とするため,手術術式その他がほぼ同一である同一施設で,同一術者が関与した症例を用いて行った.術後聴力の評価の基準化は種々の問題を含み難しい問題ではあるが,極めて重要なことと思われる.しかし,逆に一度基準が決定されるとそれを変更するのは大変なことになるので,慎重さも要求される.今回の検討は,そのため参考資料としての意味で行ったが,現時点では1つのパラメータを用いるのなら,術前骨導値と術後気導値との差(20dB以内であれば成功)を用いるのが適していると思われた.また,組み合わせでは臨床耳科学会の提唱する方法が適当と思われるが,術後平均気導聴力レベルの基準値は30dB以内が適当ではないかと思われた.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (423K) -
堀 文彦, 川内 秀之, 鈴木 正志, 茂木 五郎1988 年 91 巻 8 号 p. 1250-1255
発行日: 1988年
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーAlthough several pharmaceutical investigations have been attemped to eradicate middle ear effusion (MEE), there has been no conservative therapy fully effective, convenient, and safe. Disturbance of the mucociliary transport system and release of proteolytic enzymes in the tympanic cavity and eustachian tube are probably the major pathogenesis of OME. This study was designed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of S-carboxymethylcysteine (S-CMC), which restores the mucociliary clearance in experimental OME.
Existance of MEE was diagnosed by observation of tympanic membrane using a fiberscope and by tympanogram.
Oral administration of S-CMC in dose of 200mg/kg was more effective than that of dose 100 mg/kg. It was found that S-CMC is an effective drug for the early cure of experimental OME.
Results of this study showed the efficacy of S-CMC to protect and restore the mucociliary transport system in the middle ear against experimental OME.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1055K) -
古川 政樹, 山下 耕太郎, 金子 まどか, 土屋 幸造, 高畑 喜延, 大石 公直, 澤木 修二1988 年 91 巻 8 号 p. 1256-1266
発行日: 1988年
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリー1) 頸部迷走神経由来の神経鞘腫3例を報告し,これを含めた本邦の報告57例について臨床上の問題点を論じた.
2) 画像診断により頸動脈,頸静脈と腫瘤との関係を把握することが術前診断に有用である点を強調した.
3) 手術方法はいまださまざまな議論があり,今後も検討が必要と思われた.
4) 腫瘍摘出後の合併症としての嗄声には,必要に応じて音声改善のための手術を行うべきであると結論した.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2877K) -
山野 辺滋晴1988 年 91 巻 8 号 p. 1267-1273
発行日: 1988年
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリー平均加算法を工夫した分割処理方法を利用して持続音負荷直後からABRを秒単位で記録することができ,微細なABR波形変化を経時的に比較検討することが可能となった.この方法を使い,持続音負荷後の順応現象をABRで検討すると,ABR各波の潜時延長として記録された.この順応現象は30dBHL程度の低音圧での持続音負荷から認められた.ABRの潜時延長は30秒前後で回復し,その後プラトーとなった.平均加算の分割処理を利用すると,NITTSを他覚的に検討することができ,中等度の負荷音圧でおこる聴覚系順応現象は主に脳幹レベルが関与するものと考えられた.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (578K) -
中山 尚樹1988 年 91 巻 8 号 p. 1274-1284
発行日: 1988年
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーProliferative activity of pleomorphic adenomas of salivary glands was examined by measuring the nuclear DNA content on tissue sections by means of photocytometry. Pleomorphic adenoma is histologically characterized by its pleomorphic or mixed appearance and its clearly recognizable epithelial tissue intermingled with areas of myxoid or chondroid appearance. The ductal tissues of the tumor are composed of two main epithelial cell types, inner duct-lining cells and outer myoepithelial-like cells. These tumor cells of various areas were evaluated. Cells in sites of abundant cellular components showed higher activity. The activity of cells in sites with abundant cellular components in Ga scintigraphy-positive patients was greater than that in Ga-negative patients. There was no difference in activity between inner duct-lining cells and outer myoepithelial-like cells. The activity of cells near the capsule was not necessarily higher. Pleomorphic adenomas of submandibular glands showed higher activity than those of parotid glands. Recurrent tumors did not show higher activity. Nuclear size and shape, as well as section thickness, need to be considered as principal variables influencing the result. This method is considered particularly effective for tumor of the salivary gland that is composed of various kinds of tumor tissues.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1698K) -
中島 博昭1988 年 91 巻 8 号 p. 1285-1293
発行日: 1988年
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリー後半規管神経を電気刺激すると,前庭四亜核,すなわち上核•内側核•下核•外側核に,前庭一次求心性線維の興奮によるP波,前庭二次ニューロンの放電によるN1波,つづいておこるN2波が発生した.
P波の振幅の最大値は内側核,N1波の振幅の最大値は下核腹側部に見られ,N2波の振幅の最大値は上核で記録された.
後半規管入力を受ける前庭核ニューロンは四亜核とも腹側に多く,特に二次ニューロン群は下核に最も多いと考えられた.
P波の潜時から前庭一次求心性線維の前庭神経核内の上行枝は下行枝に比して遅く,上行枝は細いと考えられた.
内側核及び外側核で記録されたN1波の頂点までの潜時から,内側核への側枝が外側核への側枝より細いことが推察された.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (666K)
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