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88 巻, 11 号
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遠藤 里見, 粟田口 敏一, 鈴木 茂, 渋谷 守, 高坂 知節, 河本 和友1985 年 88 巻 11 号 p. 1541-1547
発行日: 1985/11/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーTo study allergic and immunologic incidence of secretory otitis media, histamine levels were investigated in 90 cases with middle ear effusion by means of the fluorometric assay.
Histamine concentration in effusions were significantly higher than serum levels.
Statistical analysis indicated that there was no differences between serous and mucoid effusions, nor between children and adults.
Tympanic mucosa from the patients with secretory otitis media was examined under electron microscopy, and mast cells were found in the subepithelial layer in many cases. They often exocytosed their specific granules, indicating active histamine release.
These data suggested that histamine appears more actively released into the tvmpanic cavity rather than a simple transdate from plasma, and it may play an important role in the pathogenesis and the chronicity of secretory otitis media.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (904K) -
松本 憲明1985 年 88 巻 11 号 p. 1548-1554
発行日: 1985/11/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーPostmortem changes of the spiral organ in guinea pigs were observed on the scanmng electron microscope. The time-interval from death to fixation varied from zero to six hours.
The results are as follows:
Changes were observed both on the cell bodies and sensory hairs. There were bullae-formation and cytoplasmic protrusions from the cell surfaces of the cell bodies and fusion, distortion or loss of the sensory hairs.
In the group kept at room temperature (19-25°C), bullae became apparent on the inner hair cells at ten minutes postmortem on the supporting cells of the outer hair cell region at one hour postmortem and on the outer hair cells at two hours postmortem. At four to six hours postmortem, destruction of surface structures were prominent accompanied with fusion, distortion or loss of sensory hairs.
In the group kept in the refrigerator (4°C), the bullae-formation which was an initial sign of postmortem changes, became apparent at one hour postmortem on the hair cell regions and changes in the sensory hairs at four to six hours postmortem. The surface structures of the cell bodies were less severely affected than the sensory hairs in this group.
In general, postmortem changes are more pronounced in the room temperature group than the refrigerator group. Morphological findings presented in this study can also be recognized in animals with various pathologies such as those induced by ototoxic drugs, noise trauma, blast injury and barotrauma. Therefore, it is important to be aware of these postmortem changes and to ascertain true pathologies when studying animal and human spiral organs by scanning electron microscopy.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2617K) -
骨芽細胞と破骨細胞について八尾 和雄, 高橋 廣臣, 屋宜 晃, 石井 豊太, 原田 宏一, 吉尾 知, 古沢 慎一, 斉藤 彰1985 年 88 巻 11 号 p. 1555-1561
発行日: 1985/11/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーSince the bone dehiscence of the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus is closely related to aging, osteoblasts and osteoclasts were studied morphometrieally and statistically.
Ninety three bone fragments of the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus were taken at surgery and served as specimens for this study. These operated patient were from 11 years old to 71 years old, 51 males and 42 females.
The results were as follows:
1) The number of osteoblasts in the bone tissue was decreased with age significantly. Correlation co-efficiencies were calculated for male subject and female subject. There was no difference between these two.
2) The number of osteoclasts increased with age significantly. This increment was more significant in female than male.
3) Unique appearance of the osteoblasts and osteoclasts in the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus was observed around the dehiscences. The osteoblasts appeared distal from the center of the maxillary sinus or circumferentially, on the other hand, the osteoclasts appeared proximally.
From these results, it was concluded that the increase in the dehiscences of the anterior bony wall of the maxillary sinus with age was caused by the increase in number of the osteoclasts with age, and osteoclastic change was seemed to be more readily occured in female.
These observed specific arrangements of the osteoblasts and osteoclasts cause bony deposition to the outer side of the anterior wall and bony resorpition to the inner side.
This process might contribute to the formation of the concavity of the Fossa Canina.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1054K) -
池岡 博之, 大橋 淑宏, 丸岡 健一, 古下 博之, 中井 義明, 小野山 靖人1985 年 88 巻 11 号 p. 1562-1566
発行日: 1985/11/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーIn order to examine the effects of irradiation on the nasal epithelium, rabbits received 200kV hard X-ray irradiation at 3, 000 rad to their nasal septum. The nasal mucosa after the irradiation was examined with scanning and transmission electron microscopy in a time-course manner.
Immediately after the irradiation, few morphological changes were observed on the nasal epithelium with scanning electron microscopy, while transmission electron microscopy disclosed some morphological changes such as vacuolation and ballooning of epithelial cells, and enlargement of intercellular space. 2 weeks after the irradiation, sporadically affected changes were observed. The affected signs of the epithelial cells were observed at the wider area according to the course of time after the irradiation. 4 weeks after the irradiation, stratified arrangement of non-ciliated cells or undifferentiated cells were noted in an extensive area of the nasal mucosa 8 weeks after the irradiation, the nasal epithelium were chiefly consisted of undifferentiated cells.
Accordingly, the following conclusions were derived from the present investigation;
1) Irradiation affected the nasal ciliary epithelium.
2) The damage of the nasal epithelium by irradiation was not recovered easily.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2679K) -
稲木 匠子, 近森 義則, 丘村 煕1985 年 88 巻 11 号 p. 1567-1572
発行日: 1985/11/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーA case of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) was reported. The patient was a 60-year-old female, whose chief complainment was disturbance of the right eye movement. She was born and lived in the south-western area of Shikoku Island; one of the endemic area of ATLL. Rhinoscopic and roentgenological examinations revealed a mass in the ethomoid and sphenoid sinuses. Histological examination showed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (T-cell type). The so-called ATL cells with the convulted nucleus were found in her peripheral leucocytes. The anti ATLA antibody titer was 320 times positive. Based on the above findings, this case was diagnosed as ATLL and was treated by chemotherapy. However, the patient died due to general prostration seven months after the onset of the disease. Through a survey of literature, the authors summarized the etiology, histology, clinical entity, treatments and prognosis of this new disease…ATLL.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1269K) -
柳原 尚明, 暁 清文, 有友 宏, 山中 栄三1985 年 88 巻 11 号 p. 1573-1579
発行日: 1985/11/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーA middle ear implant has been developed with the objective of restoring hearing in patients with conduction deafness which is irreparable by middle ear reconstructive surgery. Two types of the middle ear implant are now available: one is a total and the other is a partial middle ear implant. The key function common to both types of the device is the direct vibration of the stapes by an piezoelectric ceramic bimorph cell. This advanced ossicular vibrator enables patients to hear sound without distortion.
The total implant unit consists of an ultraminiature electric microphone, an amplifier, a battery, and a vibrator. The microphone implanted under the skin of the external ear canal transduces sound waves into electrical impulses. The amplifier anplifies the impulses with electricity from the battery and feeds them to the vibrator, which is in direct contact with the stapes.
In the partial implant, a vibrator and a link coil are implanted in the ear. The implanted coil receives electromagnetic impulses from an outer link coil placed on the retroauricular skin. This outer coil is excited by the signals transmitted from an external unit consisting of a micro- phone, an amplifier, and a battery. All the outer components are housed in a small case hanging behind the auricle. This paper briefly describes the developmental process, the structure, and the the function of the components of the middle ear implant as well as some clinical problems. Tentative implantation of the partial middle ear implant during tympanoplastic surgery confirmed its advantages and safety. Permanent implantation of the partial middle ear implant in a patient was first attempted in August, 1984. As we expected, the patient's hearing was restored to nearly normal levels. Clinical experience has confirmed that the middle ear implant is a most promising surgical method for hearing restoration.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (535K) -
小林 俊光, 沖津 卓二1985 年 88 巻 11 号 p. 1580-1587
発行日: 1985/11/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーTwo tympanograms (TG) were routinely recorded on each ear by changing the pressure in the external auditory meatus (EAM), one in the decreasing (forward tracing: TG-F) followed by the other in the increasing direction (backward tracing: TG-B). Both TG were drawn on the same chart and the peak locations were compared.
In a normal ear the TG-F peak tended to be formed in the negative pressure area and that of TG-B in the positive area. In a model whose middle ear pressure (MEP) was adjusted to the atmospheric pressure, the TG-F peak always indicated a negative pressure and that of TG-B a positive pressure value. As long as the same model was used, the magnitude of peak shift was identical irrespective of the middle ear pressure.
The magnitude of the peak shift was influenced by the speed of EAM pressure change and a linear increase was observed up to the speed of 70mmH2O/sec, both in a normal ear and a model.
These findings seem to suggest that the peak location of an umdirectionally drawn TG can not be regarded as indicating the precise MEP. A valid MEP can better be estimated by averaging the peak pressure of TG-F and TG-B of forward-backward tracing tympanogram.
In ears with pathology considerable variation was noted in the magnitude of the peak shift, so that relying solely on unidirectionally drawn TG could have lead to misdiagnosis in some cases. This was especially true with ears having small perforations covered with granulation or fluid.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (598K) -
聴覚学上の特徴について工藤 典代1985 年 88 巻 11 号 p. 1588-1597
発行日: 1985/11/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーDuring the period from 1980 to 1984, 50 cases (98 ears) of psychogenic deafness in children
have been examined at the hearing clinic of the Department of Otolaryngology. All were school children aged from 6 to 15 years.
They were classified into 3 groups (A, B, C) and their audiological, psychological, opthalmological findings and progress were reported.
Cases of A group complained of deafness and consulted specialists of their own accords. Cases of B group have complained of symptom of ear, but consulted a doctor after screening audiometry and cases of C group have had no symptom of hearing trouble.
Their audiological findings were the bilateral perceptive flat loss type, usually lying between 40 to 100 dB. Results of speech discrimination test were usually better than that of pure tones. A half of them revealed type V of Békésy audiometry. There were unexplainable discrepancy between the threshold of pure tone audiometry and response threshold of ERA.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (721K)
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