日本耳鼻咽喉科学会会報
Online ISSN : 1883-0854
Print ISSN : 0030-6622
ISSN-L : 0030-6622
86 巻, 9 号
選択された号の論文の7件中1~7を表示しています
  • 6例の経験と文献的考察
    宮原 裕, 馬谷 克則, 仙波 治, 吉野 邦俊, 佐藤 武男
    1983 年 86 巻 9 号 p. 951-957
    発行日: 1983/09/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Metastatic tumors to the head and neck are rare compared with primary tumors. We reported six cases metastatic to the head and neck region: primary site; lung (3), liver (2), esophagus (1) and metastatic region; nasal cavity (1), oral cavity (3), mesopharynx (1) and lip (1). These tumor deposits were diagnosed in a setting of diffuse metastatic diseases. Analysis of 227 cases previously published showed that nearly half the metastases occurred in the nasal region and that the commonnest tumor was secondary renal carcinoma.
    We stress the necessity to consider the possibility of metastases in the differential diagnoses of neoplastic lesions.
  • 発声の簡易効率を示す一計量
    垣田 有紀
    1983 年 86 巻 9 号 p. 958-965
    発行日: 1983/09/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Recent research interest has been focused on effectively representing phonatory ability by combining two or more of such quantities as voice intensity (I [dB]), mean airflow rate (U [cm3/s]), and fundamental frequency (F0 [Hz]).
    In this paper, a new parameter called "wave-flow index" (hereafter E') is proposed. The E' is defined as E' [dB]=I-U, where U [dB] =20log(U/U0). The theory and the derivation of E' are presented in detail.
    The E' is interpreted as (1) the ratio of voice intensity and flow intensity both represented in the dimension of "energy density", and also as (2) a measure similar to "the strength of turbulence", which is commonly used in fluid mechanics.
    Although E' does not show the energy conversion efficiency at the glottis, E' is considered to show a wave efficiency, in the sense that E' is derived from the ratio of the wave component to the flow component in the speech signal radiated from the mouth.
    Based on the preliminary data for the normal case and three laryngeal diseases, following results were obtained (1) When normal male and female were compared, neither the location nor the spread of the distribution of E' showed statistically significant difference. This suggests that E' can be used as a common measure for both male and female. (2) Normal range of E' was about 20dB. (3) Among the three diseases, E' becomes larger in the order of the recurrent nerve paralysis (N), the vocal fold polyp (P), and glottic cancer (C). (4) For N, E' was much smaller than that for normal. In the two dimensional display with I and U, N showed a marked increase of U compared with I. This increase of U suggests the incomplete closure of the glottis. (5) For P, E' was smaller than that for normal. This, too, is mainly due to the increase of U, and suggests the incomplete closure, although not as marked as for N. (6) For C, E' was slightly larger than that for normal. This was in part due to an increase of I, suggesting the presence of high frequency noise component.
    Since the wave-flow index E' can be easily obtained from a non-invasive measurement, E' would be a useful parameter for clinical examination.
  • 音圧と潜時の関係の変化
    矢野 純, 石田 正人, 野末 道彦
    1983 年 86 巻 9 号 p. 966-972
    発行日: 1983/09/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Auditory brainstem responses (ABR) evoked by monaurally delivered clicks were recorded in 192 ears of newborns and infants, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months of age, in order to study the maturational changes of the latency of ABR components, especially the latency-intensity relationship during the first year of life. The results were as follows. 1) ABR were recorded in a ear at 3 days, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months after birth. The latency-shift with increasing of intensity from 35dB to 85dB nHL were 1.8 msec at 3 days, 1.3 msec at 3 months, 1.2 msec at 6 months and 1.1 msec at 12 months after birth. 2) ABR were recorded in 80 ears of newborns, 49 ears of a month, 27 ears of 3 months, 18 ears of 6 months and 17 ears of 12 months old infants. The latency-intensity data of each wave in each age-group could be fitted well by a linear regression line. The value of average slope of each wave in newborns was larger than that in a month old infants. The value of average slope decreased most during the first month and showed less change after then. The average latency-shift of wave I with increasing of intensity from 3dB to 85dB nHL were 1.59 msec in newborns, 1.43 msec in a month old, 1.38 msec in 3 months old, 1.32 msec in 6 months old and 1.26 msec in 12 months old infants. 3) The latency of wave I decreased most prominently during the first month after birth and showed less change after then. The interpeak-latency between wave I and wave III showed no change during the first 3 months, and decreased most between 3 months and 6 months of age. The interpeak-latency between wave III and wave V showed no change during the first 6 months and decreased most between 6 months and 12 months of age.
  • 臨床応用の可能性について
    細谷 睦
    1983 年 86 巻 9 号 p. 973-986
    発行日: 1983/09/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Three types of sound stimuli were contrived to improve an appearance rate of LPC (late positive component) in response to auditory stimuli.
    As a result, LPC appeared most frequently in SISI sounds, and the examination instrument could be simplified.
    LPC, CNV (cotingent negative variation) and RP (readiness potential) were simultaneously recorded as an event related potential using the SISI sounds.
    And the experiment was performed to investigate the relationship between the state of attention and the response, in relation to auditory evoked response, and the following conclusions were obtained. 1) According to investigation with various kind of sound stimuli, much attention of the subjects was needed to obtain the LPC, and the LPC was influenced by the state of consciousness and adaptation of subjects. 2) The latency of the LPC positive wave was 650 msec. This is similar to Goto's wave P650. The higher central nervous system seemed to be involved in production of this response, because for discriminating the complex sound stimuli. 3) Both P300 and P650 seemed to be the components of "LPC in a broad sense", because the whole process of LPC, observed in a longer analysis time, reached about 3500 msec. 4) Vertex seems to be the best position of a glittering electrode. Blink motion was considered not to influence results if a subject did not do it intentionally. 5) According to various kind of investigation, it is adequate to consider the negative potential change which occurred at two seconds before hearing sound stimuli as CNV rather than RP. 6) As a clinical application, LPC was considered to be useful for diagnosis of psychogenic deafness and stimulation as well as CNV. In addition, it was concluded that LPC can be objective indicator of attentiveness in SISI tests and various hearing tests.
  • 性,年齢,部位との関係
    八尾 和雄
    1983 年 86 巻 9 号 p. 987-1004
    発行日: 1983/09/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    The inflammatory processes of the maxillary mucosa are supposed to be influenced by many factors. In this paper, the influences of the sex and aging are studied as well as five different portions of maxillary sinus (superior, inferior, medial, lateral, anterior wall) morphometrically and examined statistically.
    The specimens used in this study were 105 operated maxillary mucosa (11 yrs old to 71 yrs old, 52 males and 53 females).
    The results obtained were as follows. 1) The thickness of mucosa was greatest at the superior wall of the sinus. 2) The height of mucous epithelial layer was significantly decreased with age. 3) The proportion of the edematous layer against the whole mucosal thickness was higher in female than in male and diminished by age regardless to the sex and portions. 4) The proportion of the connective tissue layer was also decreased with age. 5) The areal proportion of the gland was greatest as the medial wall and decreased with age. 6) The grade of infiltration of neutrophiles and eosinophiles was significantly different by five different portions. The infiltration of these cells was found most frequently in the medial wall, which was near to the ostium of the maxillary sinus.
    On the contrary, the infiltration of the small round cells did not show much differences. The influence of sex and age was not apparent.
    7) The population of the goblet cells was highest in the inferior wall and decreased above age of twenties. 8) The areal proportion of the bone matrix of the anterior bony wall of the maxillary sinus was decreased with age.
    From these results, it was concluded that inflammatory changes of the maxillary mucosa were influenced by sex and age, and different from portion to portion. Therefore, these changes should not be discussed without considering these factors, they are, sex, age and portion of the maxillary sinus.
  • 岡田 益明, 吉田 淳一, 松永 亨
    1983 年 86 巻 9 号 p. 1005-1009
    発行日: 1983/09/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    In 15 healthy subjects, the relationship between plasma catecholamine concentration and blood pressure, pulse rate during caloric stimulation was studied. Plasma catecholamines were measured by the automated liquid chromatography system applying fluorimetric method.
    The ice-water irrigation of the auricle revealed transient decrease of blood pressure but no changes in plasma catecholamine levels.
    After the stimulation of the labyrinth, the increase of blood pressure and plasma norepinephrine level were observed but no remarkable changes were found in pulse rate and plasma epinephrine level. The increase in blood pressure observed was parallel with that of the plasma norepinephrine and with the nystagmus intensity.
    These findings, in conclusion, suggest that the vestibular stimulation increases the strains of the sympathetic nervous system depending on its degree.
  • 高木 範男
    1983 年 86 巻 9 号 p. 1010-1022
    発行日: 1983/09/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    The postauricular myogenic response (PAR) was evaluated for the diagnosis of brainstem lesion. 23 patients with surgically or neurologically confirmed brainstem disorders and 22 normal adults were examined in this study, and except PAR the auditory brainstem response (ABR) was recorded for comparison.
    Two criteria were selected as an index to show the disturbances of the PAR pathways: an absence of the contralateral or ipsilateral response and a prolongation of the latency. The response was absent in cases with clival meningioma, basal chordoma and pinealoma, also in 3 of 22 normal subjects. The latency of the response prolonged in patients with acoustic tumor, multiple sclerosis, cerebellar tumor accompahying hydrocephalus and middle cranial fossa chordoma. Simultaneous recordings of PAR and ABR in cases of multiple sclerosis were useful for determining to map the precise site of lesion in the brainstem.
    Those results suggest that the prolonged latencies of the PAR are very useful for the localization of disturbance in the brainstem, and a combination of PAR and ABR appears to be a useful clinical tool for the diagnosis of the brainstem lesion.
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