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70 巻, 6 号
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寺尾 彬, 佐藤 靖雄, 井出 大二, 切替 一郎1967 年 70 巻 6 号 p. 1067-1076
発行日: 1967年
公開日: 2007/06/29
ジャーナル フリーClinical symptoms and etiological factors of allergic rhinitis or vasomotor rhinitis were revealed by researching direct and indirect factors on nasal troubles. Measurement of the blood serotonin was performed in certain cases and high values (0.20γ/dl through 0.28γ/dl) were founded in 80% of them.
The following hypothesis concerning the etiological differences between allergic rhinitis and vasomotor rhinitis were assumed. It is a matter of course that the antigen-antibody reaction is the mediate cause of allergic rhinitis. On the other hand, vasomotor rhinitis is the nasal reaction arising from local stimulants and reflection from another portion in the body. Vasomotor rhinitis has its origin in autonomic im-balance. The autonomic function is considered to be influenced by atmospheric phenomenon, exogenous stimulants, social and economical circumstances and physical factors such as hormonal dysfunction, metabolic disorders, nutrition or infection.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (931K) -
鳥居恵二名誉教授喜寿記念論文羽馬 晃1967 年 70 巻 6 号 p. 1077-1095
発行日: 1967年
公開日: 2007/06/29
ジャーナル フリーDirectional Preponderance (DP), is a readiness for nystagmus to occur to one side more than to the other.
Hallpike et al (1954), found that brain tumors located in the posterior portion of the temporal lobe cause a directional preponderance of caloric induced vestibular nystagmus to the side of the lesion.
Hakas and Kornhuber (1959), published their studies of DP in 201 cases of localized cerebral lesions. They found only 31% of the cases had DP of vestibular nystagmus. Of these, 67% were to the side opposite from those of the lesion and 33% toward the lesion. Their conclusions, very different from those of Hallpike et al, were that DP showed no direct relationship to a lesion in a particular part of a particular hemisphere.
In answer to Hakas and Kornhubers' paper, Hallpike (1961), stated that this striking disparity between the two results can be attributed to the difference of techniques of physiological conditions of the test procedure employed, namely, the former test were carried out with active optic fixation, and the latter with eyes closed.
In view of the conflicting reports of the literature concerning the problem of DP phenomenon, the author has reinvestigated on this problem, from the clinical and experimental observations. Attention was directed to the following points.
1) Does a precise localization of the cortical area which influence the vestibular system and produce DP of induced nystagmus, truely exist or not?
2) Is DP of induced nystagmus affected significantly according to the difference of test procedures, i.e. test with optic fixation maintained and test with eyes closed?
3) Is vestibular test of no value in the localization of cerebral lesions as concluded by Hakas and Kornhuber?
In the animal's experiment, the author has employed a new type of method, i.e. focused ultrasonic irradiation to make localized lesions in the brain of rabbits.
Results obtained from both the experimental and clinical observations are summarized as follows.
1) DP phenomenon shows no direct relationship to a lesion in a particular parts of a particular hemisphere, as reported by Kornhuber and others.
2) The region of responsibility for the development of DP will be located in some parts level with the subcortical area or the brain-stem.
3) By the use of focus ultrasound irradiation, pronounced DP to the side of the lesion could be observed from the lesions of pontomesencephalic reticlar formation of the rabbits.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (6853K) -
液導聴力検査の再検討高倉 稔, 鈴木 知水, 高坂 知節, 湯浅 涼1967 年 70 巻 6 号 p. 1096-1106
発行日: 1967年
公開日: 2007/06/29
ジャーナル フリーIt is absolutely necessary to know the condition of the ossicular chain preoperatively in tympanoplastic surgery.
In addition to pure tone audiometry, patch test (covering test), Tsunoda's liquid conduction test, Onchi's bone conduction test on the pinna, and acoustic probe hearing test have been done for this purpose. Among these hearing tests, Tsunoda's and Onchi's methods are supposed to be the best way to know the condition of the ossicular chain and stapedial foot plate and can be done as a routine preoperative examination with simple equipments.
On this paper, these two tests were reconsidere on the ground of experimental and clinical studies.
The patient was placed in the lateral position with the examined ear upward and acoustic probe (10mm in diameter) was put on the cavitas conchae and another ear was masked with white noise.
The following results and conclusions were obtained;
1) The sound conduction route and its testing method based on the present experiment were termed “Meatus Conduction (M.C.) and its test”.
2) M.C. may be different from ordinary bone conduction (B.C.) in quality. When the meatus was filled with water, threshold of M.C. and B.C. were decreased; on the other hand, with mercury of the same gravity of the water, threshold of M.C. was elevated in 15db, in contrast to the fact that threshold of B.C. was decreased.
3) In this method, the vibratory sound is conducted from the bone conduction receiver to the cochlea via the bony wall of meatus and the ossicular chain in tympanic cavity, independent of condition of the tympanic membrane.
4) The result that the threshold of M.C was variable according to the pathological changes of the ossicular chain was different from Tsunoda's theory that the degree of ossicular chain disturbance was parallel to the difference between thresholdof M.C. and that of Liquid Conduction (L.C.).
5) The degree of M.C. loss and that of L.C. loss depend on the function of the ossicular chain and that of stapedial foot plate in the perforated ears respectively. Therefore, the cases with M.C. loss and normal L.C. have sound conduction disturbances in the ossicular chain with intact stapedial foot plate, and if there are both M.C. and L.C. loss, some changes around the oval window may be found.
6) The diagnostic standards obtained by analysis of 32 cases were available for differential diagnosis of conductive hearing loss.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1484K) -
藤田 省二1967 年 70 巻 6 号 p. 1107-1109
発行日: 1967年
公開日: 2007/06/29
ジャーナル フリーIt was found by T. Goto and his co-worker that epithelial cells of the mastoid had phagocytosis in experimental studies.
But, in surgical specimen it is very rare to find such histological changes.
In a case of chronic otitis media, author could found by chance the sights of phagocytosis in the epithelium of the mastoid cells.
A patient, male of 30 years old, visited Nagasaki University, because of headache, otorrhoea and hard of hearing.
Tympanoplasty was performed and the author removed a great part of mastoid cells to observe the mucous membrane. But, some of air cells were left in the mastoid because the author thought that these few mastoid cells were no obstacle, if obliteration of the mastoid cavity was done.
However, perichondritis occured post-operatively and external auditory meatus became narrow. The patient was reoperated and at that time, the author opened the mastoid cavity because it was a good chance to observe the postoperative condition of the cavity.
Muco-purulent material stayed in the mastoid cavity and the great part of mucous membrane of the mastoid cells were swollen.
In microscopic observation of this swollen mucous membrane, some foreign bodies in epithelium of the mastoid cells were found.
It became clear by Perls-Stieda's dying that foreign bodies were Hemosiderin.
It was a very good fortune that author could meet with the phagocytosis in sight.
The author thought that the reason why the author could have such good fortune was as follows.
1. At the previous operation, a part of the mastoid cells was left.
2. By mastoid obliteration, tissue able to become a foreign body was introduced.
3. The second operation was performed just in time phagocytic action had taken place in the previously operated mastoid.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (764K) -
森 豊1967 年 70 巻 6 号 p. 1110-1123
発行日: 1967年
公開日: 2007/06/29
ジャーナル フリーThe paranasal sinuses of nonexpetimental laboratory animals were investigated on gross and microscopic structure and natural infection of the membrane. Large frontal sections of the sinuses were prepared and examined. The animals used consisted of each 20 mice, golden hamsters, rats, guinea pigs, rabbits, cats, dogs, and monkeys. The following results were obtained.
1. Pathologic changes were found in the parnasal sinuses of 9 mice, 1 golden hamster, 20 rats, 9 guinea pigs, 6 rabbits, 4 cats, 8 dogs, and 13 monkeys.
2. Infection was found to exist so frequently in the sinuses, it should be emphasized that the utmost caution is necessary in distinguishing natural changes from those prodused artificially in studies on experimental sinusitis with laboratory animals.
3. Those natural changes in the sinuses of the animals corresponded in nature with the purulent type of human sinusitis.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (9419K) -
竹中 文一郎, 浜 広信, 鈴木 政昭, 川本 智, 平山 方哉1967 年 70 巻 6 号 p. 1124-1127
発行日: 1967年
公開日: 2007/06/29
ジャーナル フリーThis experiment was performed as a part of the series of the electron microscopic studies on vestibular apparatus.
(1) The cells of ampullae of the labyrinth which were damaged with Viomycin in various doses were revealed electron microscopically.
(2) The cell surface and the apical cytoplasm of ampullae of the labyrinth were damaged.
(3) The dense body and multivesicular body extremely resembling lysosome were observed.
(4) There was evidence morphologically that the onset of cell damage by Viomycin seemed to begin at the cell surface such as effect of Strepto. mycin or Kanamycin.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2009K) -
大山 勝1967 年 70 巻 6 号 p. 1128-1153
発行日: 1967年
公開日: 2007/06/29
ジャーナル フリーThis paper concerns with a comparison of the suitability of different type of grafts and suture methods for the transplantation of the carotid artery in dogs and moreover, of the influence which X-ray irradiation exerted on arteriolization of these implanted grafts.
The histopathologic fates of the grafts were studied in the original method of Hautchen-preparation in addition to that of routine transverse section.
The results were summarized as follows;
1) The autologous vein grafts were inserted with suturing apparatus gave well functional results in end-to-end anastomosis. The synthetic grafts functioned satisfactorily in only use of patch-angioplasty.
2) Microscopic examination showed fibrous thickening of the vessel wall with brocken elastic fibers in the autologous vein grafts.
In the synthetic grafts, fibrous layers were noticed covering both their internal and external surfaces. It may be considered that the endothelization has originated from the intima of the host artery and this growth appeared to be independent of the sub-endothelial healing processes.
3) In the 2500R. fractionally irradiated group, there were no remarkable changes either grossly or microscopically. But in the 4000R. and 7000R. fractionally irradiated group, the patency rate for the grafts showed less good results because of necrosis, infection and thrombosis of the grafts.
This tendency was remarkable in the synthetic graftings, and more noticeable in the pre-operatively irradiated group than the post-operatively group.
4) As histopathologic changes induced by X-ray irradiation, in the autologous vein grafts, there were edematously thickened connective tissue of the vessel wall with marked fraying of the elastic fibers, cell infiltration and increased amounts of acid-mucopolysaccharide, especially in the intima and the media. In the synthetic grafts, edematous thickening of fibrous layers was dominant and marked round cell infiltration around the mesh layer were often observed.
No changes, however, attributable to the irradiation could be demonstrated with certainty in the endothelial cell itself of each group.
5) It is suggested that the autologous vein grafts are preferable to the synthetic materials as substitute for smaller arteries and the “Sandwich-method” seems more successful and suitable when the vascular transplantation has need of combination with the irradiation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (6752K) -
浜之上 洋1967 年 70 巻 6 号 p. 1154-1168
発行日: 1967年
公開日: 2007/06/29
ジャーナル フリーLigation of the external carotid artery is not infrequent operation now, and every surgeon today has performed or has had been acquainted with the surgery of this vessel.
It is commonly believed that the peripherial blood flow after the ligation of external carotid artery is reduced or ceased for a long time, but concerning this, only a few experiments about reestablishment of the blood flow after the ligation have been made.
Therefore, the re-establishment of blood flow was observed in man by using a plethysmograph and sphygmo-manometer and by using the three dimensional cast model of the blood vessel in the dog.
1) Re-establishment of the blood flow
The plethysmograph at the ear lobe showed that in 11 of the 18 cases (61%) the blood flow was recovered in 5 days, that is, in 4 of 11 immediately after the ligation, 3 in 1 day, 1 in 3 days, 3 in 5 days. And also immediately after the ligation low but regular waves were noted.
2) Blood pressure
Blood pressure of the external carotid artery was messured befor and after the ligation in 4 cases in man and 6 cases in dog, and arterial pressure was maintained on the same level as venous pressure.
3) Anastomosis
Three dimensional cast model in dogs showed the most important channel of collateral circulation to the external carotid artery were the external ophthalmic artery and middle meningial artery and following this the free communication between the external carotid arteries of both sides and the vertebral artery into the occipital artery. Moreover, the route of the ophthalmic artery to the external ophthalmic artery and the ethmoidal artery to the external ophthalmic artery were recognized, but it is thought that the route does not contribute to the blood flow because of its narrowness.
Results.
The re-establishment of the blood flow was much earlier than it was thought and the arterial pressure was maintained on the same level as the venous pressure, so one should not rely too much on the ligation of the external carorid artery for control of hemorrhage.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (5478K) -
伊藤 治夫1967 年 70 巻 6 号 p. 1169-1188
発行日: 1967年
公開日: 2007/06/29
ジャーナル フリーThere are a variety of methods of objective audiometry, among which is a test based on EEG response to sound. In connection with the EEG auditory response, a method has recently been used widely in which EEG response induced by sound stimulus is added by means of electronic computer.
Therefore, we have studied in the 56 subjects the relationship between the response of scalprecorded EEG and the duration, interval, frequency, and intensity of sound stimuli as well as the state of consciousness, in order to find out the most appropriate conditions for the EEG audiometry by the use of an electronic computer.
All subjects were selected from among adults of more than 15 years of age. The EEG was made by monopolar recording from vertex, and auditory response at the awakening was recorded without medication prior to test. An electronic computer used in the experiments is CAT 400B.
The results are as follows:
1. The analysis of the summated auditory response revealed 4 different types of waves: positive wave (P1), negative wave (N1), positive wave (P2) and negative wave (N2) with a peak latency of approx. 75, 130, 220 and 360msec., respectively. But P1 and N2 may be absent at times.
2. The optimal interval of sound stimuli is 1 sec.
3. The duration of sound stimuli most preferably is 100msec. with a rise and fall time of 10msec.
4. The auditory evoked potential in EEG is least with a frequency of 4Kcps among the different frequencies employed: 0.5, 1, 2 and 4Kcps.
5. The auditory evoked potential in EEG becomes greater as the intensity of sound increases. But, once the latter attained a certain limit no great increase in the former was noticeable on further increasing the latter in many instances.
6. During the test the examiner should always make the subject concentrate his attention on sound stimuli. In case the test is prolonged, it is also necessary for the examiner to change the mode of stimulation adequately so as to avoid attenuation of the response due to habituation.
7. The test is one of the most excellent objective audiometry from the viewpoint that the response appears consistently near the subjective auditory threshold and the evaluation of result is easier among the other objective audiometric methods.
8. Besides, the test will help to make the differential diagnosis of impaired hearing, if performed under reasonable conditions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3545K)
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