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90 巻, 11 号
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滝元 徹, 岩脇 淳一, 石川 滋, 田中 佐一良, 桝田 耕1987 年 90 巻 11 号 p. 1767-1771
発行日: 1987/11/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーWe previously established an epithelial/hybrid cell line, NPC-KT, by fusion 8-azaguanineresistant epithelial cells, Ad-AH, with a primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Virus preparations (NPC virus) from NPC-KT cells can transform human B-lymphocytes and superinfect Raji cells. In addition, the treatment of NPC virus-superinfected Raji cells with 1% dimethyl sufoxiside led to early antigen and virus DNA synthesis, and the formation of virus particles. The virus rescued from the superinfected Raji cells transforms human cord blood lymphocytes but is not able to induce early antigen in superinfected Raji cells.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (345K) -
前庭および内リンパ嚢周辺血管について大道 卓也1987 年 90 巻 11 号 p. 1772-1780
発行日: 1987/11/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe blood vessels of the vestibule and the endolymphatic duct and sac (ES) of the rat were reproduced with methacrylate casting medium and observed under a scanning electron microscope. Results were as follows.
1. The veins from the vestibule emptied into the vein of the vestibular aqueduct (VVAQ).
2. Some veins of the utricle drained into the saccular vein.
This findings means that the saccular vein and the vein of the superior-lateral semicircular canal (VSLSC) might be a collateral venous drainage with each other.
3. The hook of the cochlea had two venous drainage system.
One of them drained into the vein of the vestibular aqueduct, and the other drained into the vein of the cochlear aqueduct. This fact supported the presence of the collateral route between the cochlear vessels and the vestibular vessels.
4. In the human, the vein of the vestibular aqueduct ran through the paravestibular canaliculus, but in the rat it ran through the vestibular aqueduct, and a small vessel ran along the VVAQ between the vestibule and the ES.
5. The plexus of the vessels of the ES was triangular in shape, and had anastomoses with the vessels of the surrounding bone and dura, and drained into the VVAQ at one to four points.
6. Intermediate portion of the plexus were sinusoid like capillaries. This structure was suitable for the function of the ES or the resorption of endolymph.
7. Two branches of the posterior meningeal artery which derived from the occipital artery entered the ES along both sides of the sigmoid sinus (SS). In some cases, they gave off numerous twigs to the plexus of the ES from the distal portion and in other cases one of them ran laterally to the SS, coursed along the rim of the ES and ramified numerous twigs to the ES.
8. Rat is suitable for the experimental animal to study vascular lesions of the human inner ear.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4022K) -
中尾 善亮1987 年 90 巻 11 号 p. 1781-1788
発行日: 1987/11/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーWe performed decompression operation in cases of Bell's palsy, traumatic facial nerve palsy of the temporal bone and otogenic facial nerve palsy. At the time of decompression operation, a fluorescent flow in the facial nerve trunk was measured by means of the intravenous injection of a fluorescent substance which is used for the eyes fundus examination.
The relation between prognosis and fluorescent flow were compared. Experimental studies were performed using the rabbits in orders to obtain basic information.
The results were obtained as follows: In Bell's palsy, each 5 cases showed a fluorecence ranged from slight to well but there was no case of complete cure. However, there was a tendency of cure in cases with a good fluorescence. On the other hand, in traumatic and otogenic facial nerve palsy there were cases of complete cure although neither response in the maximal stimulation test nor fluorescence in the nerve.
It is thought that there is a difference of pathophysiological condition between Bell's palsy and traumatic or otogenic facial nerve palsy.
A fluorescent flow in the extratemporal portion of the facial nerve was seen from the distal side to the proximal side.
On the contrary, in the intratemporal portion of the facial nerve it was seen from the proximal side to the distal side. Measurement of the fluorescent flow and neuropathological exmination of the facial nerve were made after the experimental nerve damage such as crush or incision. The milder nerve damage, the better fluorescence of the nerve trunk was seen. The regenerated nerve fibers showed a good fluorescence as well as normal nerve fibers.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4307K) -
寺沢 和貴1987 年 90 巻 11 号 p. 1789-1798
発行日: 1987/11/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーHealing process following controlled lesion of the round window membrane in guinea pigs, as a model of round window membrane rupture in human, was studied by light microscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The middle ear of the guinea pigs was aseptically opened by a post-auricular incision to expose the round window membrane without touching the auditory ossicles and tympanic membrane . Then, a slit perforation, 0.5-0.8mm in length, was made with a micro knife in the same direction as those of the membrane fibers. The following healing process could be divided into three stages based on complete closing times of the layers consisting the membrane. The first stage was about a week, after the lesion and until the complete closing of the middle layer. In this stage, the opening of the lesion persisted and around this opening moderate hypertrophy of the outer and middle layers, 0.2mm in width and showing a snake head-like profile in section, was observed. The inner layer partially peeled off from the middle layer. The second stage continued about one or two weeks until the complete closing of the outer layer. In this stage, the healing portion presented a shallow and elongated crater-like appearance because of outer layer cells growing on the newly extended middle layer and leakage of the endolymph was still noted. The last stage was from about three weeks to three months after the operation, when the lesion completely healed. The crater-like swelling of membrane was still observed in the early time of this stage, but it gradually disappeared. Recovery of the inner layer was the latest and the old inner layer floating in the perilymph was progressively replaced by a newly formed network beneath it. The endolymph leakage continued even after the middle layer had closed but ceased when the outer layer closed. These finidings suggest that complete closure of both of the middle and outer layers is required to cease the endolymph leakage.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4949K) -
原渕 保明, 山中 昇1987 年 90 巻 11 号 p. 1799-1811
発行日: 1987/11/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリー単クローン抗体およびflow cytornetryを用い,種々の扁桃B細胞亜群におけるEBV感受性について,EBV吸着とEBNA合成を指標に解析した.その結果,
1. 扁桃B細胞の95%にEBV吸着を認め,76±6%がEBNA合成を示した.
2. B細胞にOKB7抗体を反応すると,EBVの吸着は阻害され,さらにOKB7-細胞にはEBNA合成が全く認められなかったことから,C3dレセプターとEBVレセプターの同一性が明らかになった.
3. ほとんどすべての休止期B(L30+)細胞はEBVが吸着してEBNAを合成するが,一方,活性化B(L29+,OKT9+)細胞および分化の進んだB(OKT10+)細胞には,大部分にEBV吸着を認めたが,EBNA合成は減少していた.
4. 細胞周期的にも,G0G1期,S期,およびG2+M期のすべてにEBV吸着を認めた.
5. Pecoll不連続密度勾配法を用いて解析したところ,高比重群の大部分の細胞はEBV感受性を有したが,一方,低比重群にはEBVが吸着してもEBNAを合成しない細胞が多かった.
6. invitroにてB細胞を分化誘導し,解析したところ,EBNA合成はEBV吸着と比較して早期の分化段階で減少するが,終末分化段階では両者共に消失していることが示唆された.
7. EBNA合成はいずれのsIgクラス陽性細胞,特にsIgM+およびsIgD+細胞のほとんどすべてに認められたが,sIgG+細胞には低下していた.一方,EBV吸着はIgクラスにかかわりなくすべてのsIg+細胞に存在していた.
8. 以上の成績から,B細胞分化過程,およびsIgクラス間におけるEBV感受性のheterogeneityが明らかにされた.さらに,EBV感受性低下機序のひとつに,EBVが吸着後,EBNA合成が阻害されることが示唆された.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2261K) -
片桐 仁一1987 年 90 巻 11 号 p. 1812-1822
発行日: 1987/11/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーIn order the immunotherapy of Japanese cedar pollinosis to be more improved, investigations were performed to provide polymerized form of antigen. Preliminary studies have already shown that crude extract was not feasible to be polymerized with glutaraldehyde. It is due to low concentration of protein, and is due to extraordinarily high concentration of pollysaccharides. Investigations were attemped to eliminate polysaccharides from aqueous crude extract by means of ammonium sulfate precipitation and DEAE, CM cellulose chromatography, according to the method by YASUEDA et al with slight modifications.
In its procedure finally yielding Sugi Basic Protein (SBP), one of the by-products, Fraction b (Fr.b) was proved to be polymerized with glutaraldehyde because of its highly purified form of protein and because of extensive exclusion of polysaccharides (protein: polysaccharide_??_1:1). Approximately 50mgs of native Fr.b were obtained from 50 grams of original pollen, the amount practically useful for clinical application. Examination by Sephadex G-200gel chromatography revealed native Fr.b had moderately been polymerized to 500, 000 to 600, 000 in molecular weight. Reduction of allergenicity of polymerized Fr.b was estimated using ELISA direct titration method and inhibition test, and evidence was obtained that IgE antibody binding activity of polymerized Fr. b had been reduced approximately one-fourth of its original material (native Fr. b). It was also revealed by ELISA that 1mg's protein of native Fr.b had a content of 0.34 to 0.43mgs of SBP. Polymerized Fr.b showed 10-1to10-4fold reactivity by human intracutaneous test when compared with native Fr.b, and 2-1to2-2fold by P-K endpoint titration. Polymerized Fr.b was as immunogenic as, or a little more immunogenic than native Fr.b by intraperitoneal immunization against BALB/c mice.
In coclusion, Japanese cedar pollen antigen was proved to be polymerized after extensive elimination of polysaccharides. The results obtained strongly suggest that polymerized Fr.b has reduced allergenicity while retaining immunogenicity. Evidences described are closely related to the results with polymerized mite antigen previously reported by KOSEKI. Further clinical investigations will be warranted by the use of polymerized Fr.b.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (764K) -
基礎的研究矢原 三十美1987 年 90 巻 11 号 p. 1823-1833
発行日: 1987/11/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe resectable length of the trachea depends closely upon its mechanical properties, especially the elasticity. Accordingly, it is essentially important, in cricohyoidopexia or end to end anastomosis of the trachea, to obtain preoperative information concerning with the extensibility of the trachea. Such a preliminary imformation might contribute to good postoperative results.
In the present paper, a new method assessing elastic properties of the trachea will be described. This method has been called "Yerzley's Resilience", originally representing the dynamic elastic modulus of the viscoelastic materials. "Resilience" expresses the ratio of recovery energy against given energy in percentage. In this study, a single rectangular mechanical impulse was given to the trachea under various longitudinal tension, and vibratory patterns of the trachea were recorded by the ultrasonic pulse variant M-mode display. Then, resilience values were estimated from a freely decrementing curve thus obtained, using the given formula.
Twelve resected fresh canine tracheas were investigated under the condition of simple longitudinal elongation. In addition, 10 canine tracheas fixed with 10% formaldehyde solution were investgated in the same manner. The results obtained are as follows;
1) Resilience values of the tracheas measured immediately after resection
Unloaded mean value was 67.9%, and as tension increased, as rose the value rapidly until the level of 300g loading. Then, the rising pattern of the value leveled off, and finally when loading reached 1, 000g, resilience value was 87.9%.
2) Resilience values of the tracheas fixed with 10% formaldehyde solution for 1 week Unloaded mean value was 82.3%, 1.21 times higher when compared with the value described above. The increase in resilience value was not remarkable even when the tension increased.
3) Relationship between resilience values and stress-strain curve
A stress-resilience curve obtained by measuring resilience values nuder various longitudinal tension upon trachea well corresponded to a stress-strain curve.
In conclusion, the results obtained suggest that the evaluation of "Yerzley's Resilience" of canine trachea can well express its mechanical properties warranting further investigation of the mechanical properties of the human trachea in vivo using a similar method.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1578K) -
石田 稔, 田矢 直三, 野入 輝久, 飯塚 邦一郎, 林 治博, 有賀 秀治1987 年 90 巻 11 号 p. 1834-1839
発行日: 1987/11/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーForty patients with paranasal sinus disorders were operated on by using an endoscope with VTR system.
For the paranasal sinus focus, otorhinolarygologists conventionally conduct the operation at the ethmoidal sinus and sphenoidal sinus by the endonasal method, extranasal method or transmaxillary method.
Considering the VTR system, we have recently been carrying out operations using videorecorder under a rigid endoscope with fiberscopic lighting.
We demonstrated 3 cases, in which paranasal sinus operations were performed. Our endoscopic endonasal surgery with the aid of rigid endoscopes, aims at the primary focus in the anterior ethmoid, to clear stenotic clefts, infected ethmoidal cell mucosa and tumor.
Excellent results have been achieved with this method, developed by Massenklinger, Stammberger, Yamashita, and Ashikawa. In future, use of endoscopy with VTR in the intranasal region will be prevalent as a routine operation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2143K) -
臨床的観察友永 和宏, 黒野 祐一, 茂木 五郎1987 年 90 巻 11 号 p. 1840-1848
発行日: 1987/11/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーIn order to clarify the role of type I allergy in etiology of otitis media with effusion (OME), three groups of children, and control subjects selected at random, from kindergarden and elementary school, were evaluated for their incidence of nasal allergy (NA) or OME. Group A consisted of 244 patients (median age, 6) with OME; Group B, of 512 patients (median age, 9) with NA; and Group C, of 104 control subjects (median age, 6). All subjects were submitted to routine nasal allergy tests (eosinophilia in nasal secretion smears, peripheral blood eosinophilia, skin test, nasal provocation test, serum IgE) and otological tests (impedance audiometry, standard pure tone audiometry). Several patients among the three groups were evaluated for eustachian tube function before, and after, the nasal provocation with histamine, by inflation deflation test, and nine step method.
Results showed 109 patients (49%) of Group A suffered from NA; 109 patients (21%) in Group B from OME; whereas in Group C (the Control group), 18 patients (17%) had NA; and 6 patients (6%) had OME. The percentage of patients in Group A suffering from NA (109 patients (49%)) was significantly higher than that in Group C (18 patients (17%)). The percentage of patients in Group B suffering from OME (109 patients (21%)) was significantly higher than that in Group C (6 patients (6%)).
It was also found that the incidence of tubal dysfunction was higher in patients with OME associated with NA than in normal subjects.
The findings of the present study suggest that NA affects tubal function, (even if the effect is temporary) and NA may be a risk factor in OME proneness in children.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1036K) -
X線,CTとの比較野村 公寿, 坂井 真, 新川 敦, 三宅 浩郷, 松川 純一1987 年 90 巻 11 号 p. 1849-1855
発行日: 1987/11/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーIn order to find an approach to earlier and more acurate diagnosis of acoustic neuroma, a comparative evaluation of MRI, plain X-ray (Stenvers'projection), high resolution CT with or without Metrizamide enhancement and air-CT has been made in five clinical cases of acoustic neuroma. A paramagnetic contrast agent, Gadolinium-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (GdDTPA), was used to enhance images resolution in two cases of acoustic neuroma. In MRI, the high singnal mass in the posterior fossa was smaller than 10×10mm in 2 cases, 17×20mm in 2 cases and 35×40mm in one case.
MRI revealed enlargement of the neurovascular bundle around the VII and VIII cranial nerves compatible with a diagnosis of acoustic neuroma in all 5 cases, and masses within the cerebellopontine angle were also disclosed.
In 2 cases the image of equivocal acoustic neuromas was well enhanced, and these lesions were visualized after intravenous administration of Gd-DTPA. In one of the cases the acoustic neuroma was satisfactorily differentiated from the surrounding cystic lesion with the aid of a contrast medium.
Magnetic resonance which uses no ionizing radiation seems to be innocuous and offers several advantages over other imaging methods and CT, which may produce an adverse reaction when a contrast medium is used in CT-cisternography. Further advancement of MR technology will offer greater assistance in differential diagnosis of lesions such as acoustic tumors or other cerebellopontine angle tumors.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2675K) -
森田 和1987 年 90 巻 11 号 p. 1856-1863
発行日: 1987/11/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーWhen the results of the standard olfactory acuity test assigned to about 8, 000 patients with dysosmia, who visited our olfactory outpatient clinic of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of Showa University Hospital, were analyzed, it was found that a difference in olfactory acuity loss between recognition threshold and detection threshold was over 1.0 in many of them. Since normal Subjects show the difference of below 1.0, we regard the difference of over 2.0 as "dissociation".
The dissociation caused by either olfactory mucosal dysosmia or mixed dysosmia, involving in the olfactory mucosa, etc., seemed to result no only from a decrease in the number of olfactory cells with normal functions, but from the disorder of olfactory nerves (i.e. peripheral olfactory nerves) as well.
The dissociation seemed to be related to the sensory mechanism and to the transmission in the olfactory pathway. In other words, the dissociation might occur when the amount of information being transmitted to the olfactory center is in insufficient supply.
A complete dissociation clearly differed from those cases above mentioned. This type of dissociation was thought to be caused by a central olfactory disorder, which possibly occurred either in the cortex or an adjacent region.
Form these results, it was confirmed that the dissociation found in the standard olfactory acuity test could be caused by any disorder occurring in the olfactory system, but that the modes of dissociation differ according to the sites of lesions. Our report contributed to the explanation for the mechanism of olfactory dissociation, and also suggested the result obtained by the standard olfactory acuity test indicates the site of lesions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (570K) -
大橋 徹, 友田 幸一1987 年 90 巻 11 号 p. 1864-1872
発行日: 1987/11/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーElectrocochleographic changes were investigated together with morphological evaluation of cochlea in guinea pigs which received the antigen challenge by two different procedures after sensitization with type II collagen. Electrocochleogram was recorded from the round window using tone bursts and click as stimuli.
Results were as follows:
1) Endolymphatic hydrops could be induced at 4 of 11 guinea pigs received the antigen challenge through the stylomastoid foramen.
2) A characteristic SP finding, that is, -SP recording in response to high frequency tone bursts was obtained in the hydropic guinea pigs. We suppose that the hair cell malfunction due to hydrops and immune responses might be responsible for such an abnormal SP finding.
3) In 3 hydropic animals, abnormal changes in AP, such as threshold elevation, decrease in amplitude and input-output curve with H-curve charater, were observed in addition to abnormal SP. In the cochlea of them, moderate spiral ganglion cell degeneration was demonstrated.
4) No endolympatic hydrops could be. produced in 7 guinea pigs received antigen challenge through stylomastoid foramen and 9 guinea pigs received antigen challenge by intradermal injection into the back, while slight or moderate degeneration of spiral ganglion cells was observed in some animals of them, which showed abnormal changes in AP: thershold elevation, decrease in amplitude, and input-output curve with H-curve pattern.
5) It became apparent that abnormal changes in AP response were closely related to the spiral ganglion cell degeneration. Because the organ of corti showed normal appearance morphologically, it seems very improbable that the abnormality in AP is caused by hair cell loss.
6) Guinea pigs with endolymphatic hydrops and those with spiral ganglion cell degeneration, which were induced by our immunologic method, can serve as the useful model of Meniere's disease and of "neural deafness", respectively.
It may be suggested from our results that autoimmune response may probably play an important role on the etiopathogenesis of Meniere's disease and other inner ear diseases.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1367K)
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