日本耳鼻咽喉科学会会報
Online ISSN : 1883-0854
Print ISSN : 0030-6622
ISSN-L : 0030-6622
69 巻, 9 号
選択された号の論文の9件中1~9を表示しています
  • 高原 滋夫, 斎藤 龍介, 菰口 英夫, 瀬戸 卓
    1966 年 69 巻 9 号 p. 1547-1554
    発行日: 1966年
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    During the 10 year period from Jan. 1955 to Dec. 1964, we encountered 77 cases diagnosed as clinical otosclerosis in our department. We examined and statistically discussed these cases mainly from the view of its clinical aspects and obtained the following results.
    Incidence of otosclerosis in our clinic sho- wed approximately 0.3% among the patients com- plaining of ear problems, which revealed of quite low incidence as that in Negro.
    2. Sex incidence, age at onset, audiometric results and other clinical signs and symptoms except for low occurrence in heredity showed no marked differences from those in Europe and America.
    3. Fenestration operation and stapes surgery by Shea's technic were applied to 30 ears resulting marked hearing improvement. Especially, performing the fenestration of 27 ears, we succeeded in 22 ears to get the practical level of 30 db in the average speech range, which were maintained over 5 years or more.
    Moreover, we were able to confirm the otosclerotic foci under the direct vision during the operation though we lacked histological examinations.
  • 伊原 健一
    1966 年 69 巻 9 号 p. 1555-1566
    発行日: 1966年
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Numerical word lists and nonsense monosyllabic lists have been widely used in speech audiometry. However, these lists have hardly been applicable to estimate hearing aid effect and speech reading ability in cases with high sensory neural deafness. The reason is as follows : The former is too sensitive and the latter is much less sensitive to discrimination test. Moreover, nonsense monosyllabic lists could not be applied to estimating speech reading ability because a subject could memorize the patterns of lip movements for meaningful words or phrase but not lip movements for every nonsense word.
    The author found that trisyllabic word lists were the most suitable for estimating hearing aid eflect and speech reading ability. Fifty persons with high sensory neural deafness were measured by these lists before and after auditory and speech training for 6 months. The three grades of intelligibility, such as above 80%, 79_??_50% and below 500, were classified in respect with hearing aid indication. The subjects with intelligibility below 50% did not show any effect of hearing aid but improvement of speech reading after training.Moreover, speech reading ability could be measured by these lists. Thus, it was found that the final results of auditory and speech training for the subject could be antiapated, based on the grade of the subject's intelligibility obtained by these lists before training.
  • 朝比奈 久雄
    1966 年 69 巻 9 号 p. 1567-1582
    発行日: 1966年
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Clinically, it is often experienced that some ties.
    Therefore this problem is studied by many cats.
    The results were as follows:
    1) The hearing was worsened by exudate in the middle ear cavity in the patients with slight hearing loss (average; 30.1 db loss) and intact ossicular chains.
    2) The hearing was improved in the range hearing loss (average:39.0 db loss) whose ossicular chains had been damaged but the round window was intact.
    3) The hearing over 45 db or more loss was not influenced by the presence of exudate in the middle ear cavity.In those patients the ossicular chain and round window were firmly fixed by scar tissue.
    4) Similar results were obtained by animal experiments.
    From the above results, it was concluded that the improvement of hearing by exudate in the middle ear cavity in cases of chronic supprative otitis media might be due to columella effect and screening effect of the exudate, under the condition that the round window and stapes moved normally.
  • 純音(500cps)刺激による聴閾値の変動について
    山崎 守勝
    1966 年 69 巻 9 号 p. 1583-1591
    発行日: 1966年
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Following the exposure to pure tone (500cps)for one minute with various degrees of intensity, Temporary Threshold Shift (T.T.S.) observed in humans was measured by the use of Békésy audiometer. The results obtained are as follows:
    1) When Istimulation tones were weaker than 20db above sensation level, the maximum T.T.S.values appeared at the same cycle with the stimulation tone, and T.T.S. was distributed symmetrically on the lower and higher frequency ranges.
    When 40 and 60db above sensation levels were given as the stimuli, the maximum T.T.S. values were located at the same cycle, but the symmetri.cal distribution of T.T.S. was lost and they moved towords the higher frequency ranges more widely.
    When 80 and 100db above sensation level were given as stimuli, the muximum T.T.S. values moved to only 1/5 octave higher frequency range.from the stimulation tone.
    2) When the stimulation tone and the test tone were the same, the T.T.S. values did not always rise ie proportion to the intensity of stimulation tone.
  • 片野 善夫
    1966 年 69 巻 9 号 p. 1592-1602
    発行日: 1966年
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    A series of noise exposure experiments has been performed, covering as long as four hours in exposnre time, from the view point of preventing noise deafness. The following is the findings obtained in normal humans in terms of the relationship between noise exposure time and auditory fatigue ;
    1) T.T.S. is linearly relative to the logarithm of noise exposure time, so long as exposure intensity remains within a certain scope, whether noise source is white noise or octave band noise. On the other hand, when exposure intensity surpasses certain intensity, T.T.S. suddenly rises up higher in a short time, losing its linear relation to the logarithm of exposure time, and tends to show asymptote to the logarithm.
    2) The maximum exposure intensity is 85db (SL), in which linear relationship can be established between T.T.S. and the logarithm of exposure time in 4, 000 cps when the hearing organ is exposed to white noise.
    3) The maximum exposure intensity, in which linear relationship can be established between T.T.S. and the logarithm of exposure time, depends on frequency characteristic of band noise, and lies within the scope of 95db to 80db (SL), when the hearing organ is exposed to octave band noise.
    4) Those maximum exposure intensities have been inferred to be the critical intensity to the hearing organ in accordance to the frequency characteristics of noise.
  • 木内 宗甫, 新井 峻, 佐々木 順三, 正来 秀也
    1966 年 69 巻 9 号 p. 1603-1611
    発行日: 1966年
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    A radiological study was carried out for the purpose of observing functional disorders of the pharynx, which were as follows, i.e. pharyngeal stasis, asymmetrical deglutition, piece meal deglutition, aspiration into the trachea, pharyngeal laxity, hesitant deglutition, pharyngeal spasm, esophago-pharygeal regurgitation and regurgitation into the epipharynx. Among these disorders pharyngeal stasis, 'asymmetrical deglutition and piece meal deglutition were more frequently observed than others.
    It was a matter of course that these radiological findings were valuable for diagnosing diseases of the pharynx, particularly paralysis of the pharynx. Furthermore, a close connection between these findings and diseases of esophagus was indicated in our case series, that is, some pharyngeal disorders were recognized in twenty nine out of those thirty cases which were proved the lesions of the regions of the pharyngo-esophageal junction and the upper part of the esophagus. It was characteristic that in these cases very frequently pharyngeal stasis, asymmetrical deglutition and piece meal deglutition were simultaneously observed. According to above facts, it should be emphasized that when some pharyngeal disorders were recognized, man must always concerned about not only diseases of the pharynx but also the lesions occuring from these regions of the esophagus, particularly such organic diseases as esophageal cancer, esophageal diverticulum or esophagitis.
  • 鈴木 安恒, 早崎 弘晃, 神崎 仁, 斎藤 瑛, 広島屋 俊博
    1966 年 69 巻 9 号 p. 1612-1615
    発行日: 1966年
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    A four years aged female with the new type of the congenital oro-pharyngeal malformations was reported.She was first seen by the authors because of speech disorders resembling to children with cleft palate.In this case, the membraneous funicle was located between the nasopharynx (on the mid-line and at the level of ostium of eustachian tube) and the roof of the tongue (on the mid-line and just in the front of papillae vallatae)through the clefted soft-palate without any adhesions to the retropharyngeal wall.The location of this membraneous funicle was embryologically consistent with the pharyngeal membrane formed in the early week embryo.Palato-plasty and removal of this malformed funicle were performed under general anaesthesia.Inside of thie mem.braneous funicle, the cartilage plate was found and it was histologically “Hyaline Cartilage”.
    Some embryological considerations on this case are as follows; This oro-pharyngeal membraneous funicle could be the remnants of the pharyngeal membrane.And the cartilage-plate inside of it could be explained by the persistence of the mesodermal remnants arround it as well as osseous atresia of choana maybe originated by the oro-nasal membrane formed by only ectoderm.And another complicated malformation of clefted soft-palate was maybe followed by this remnant of the pharyngeal membrane.
  • 長倉 真澄
    1966 年 69 巻 9 号 p. 1616-1628
    発行日: 1966年
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Clinical and electromyographical studies were made on 23 cases which developed facial palsy following middle ear surgery. Electromyographic examination was performed 2 weeks, 1 month, ent.
    The results were as follows :
    1. Based on the observation during the surgical sy, it was considered that complete severance of the facial nerve was very rare.
    The most common causes of the palsy were partial destruction of the bony wall of the facial canal, injury to the peripheral lissues and hematoma in the canal.
    2. In most cases, fibrillation voltage was found at the test 1 month postoperatively. Fibrillation voltage itself was not necessary a sign of poor prognosis of the palsy. If there was any evidence very of the palsy could be expected in some extent.
    3. In the cases of mild palsy, polyphasic or high amplitude voltage appeared in relatively early stage. In severe cases, these activities were found after the period between 6 months and 1 year. If there were a good number of discharges, it was a sign of better prognosis of the palsy and vise versa.
    4. Electromyographic examination was thought to be significant for estimating the degree and prognosis of postoperative facial palsy. The test should be repeated at least 2 weeks and 1 month postoperatively.
    5. For those cases which were diagnosed to have poor prognosis, a surgical intervention should be of value.
  • 長倉 真澄
    1966 年 69 巻 9 号 p. 1629-1648
    発行日: 1966年
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    The auther studied on the facial nerve and the facial canal histoanatomically by histological sections of 28 temporal bones.
    The following results were obtained.
    1. The thickness of facial nerve was 1.4=1.02 to 1.05=0.99mm at the vertical segment on an average. The facial canal was narrow at stapes region and its size was 2.07=1.04 to 2.08=1, 66mm at the vertical segment.
    2. The rate of the thickness of the facial nerve to that of the facial canal was large at the horizontal segment and pyramidal segment, but it was small at the vertical segment. In infants, the rate was smaller than in adalts except for part of foramen stylomastoidea.
    3. The wall of the facial canal was thinest on the side of tympanic cavity especially at the horizontal and pyramidal segment and thinest portion of the canal wall was 0.1 to 0.3mm thick on an average. On the side of the mastoid cavity, the canal wall was thiner than what had been reported in the previous studies. At the vertical segment, the thickness of the wall facing to the mastoid cavity was about 1mm.
    4. The wall of the facial canal showed a disposition to be thin in those which had a good pneumatization of the mastoid cavity.
    5. The facial canal is supplied by the R. petrosus of A. meningica media and also by A. stylomastoidea. Both arteries make an anastmosis at the pyramidal segment. The R. petrosus of A. meningica media occupied the tympanic cavity side of the canal and A. stylomastoidea, mastoid cavity side.
    6. Dehiscences of the facial canal were found in 7 out of the 28 temporal bones. Most of the dehiscences were reconized above the oval window and the size of the dehiscence was largest there. The dehiscences were covered by the connective tissue and moucous membrane. The anther considered histologically that the dehiscences were due to disturbance of ossification of the canal wall.
    7. The facial nerve is devided into 2 or 3 portions by the perineurium. This might suggest that the nerves in each portion innervate a specific facial muscles.
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