日本耳鼻咽喉科学会会報
Online ISSN : 1883-0854
Print ISSN : 0030-6622
ISSN-L : 0030-6622
94 巻, 5 号
選択された号の論文の11件中1~11を表示しています
  • 主にTリンパ球に関して
    吉見 龍一郎
    1991 年 94 巻 5 号 p. 641-648
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Distribution of B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes subpopulations, activated T lymphocytes and Langerhans cells of the nasal mucosa in 28 patients with nasal allergy ranging in age from 19 years to 54 years was studied.
    The specimens from inferior turbinates were frozen at -70°C and sliced at a thickness of 4μm by cryostat. Monoclonal antibodies and peroxidase-antiperoxidase staining (Ortho) were used to detect these cells. OKT4, OKT8, OKT6 and OKB19 were used as markers of helper/inducer T cells, suppresser/cytotoxic T cells, Langerhans cells and B cells, respectively. OKDR was used as a marker of activated T cells, B cells, Langerhans cells and macrophages.
    Many OKT4 and OKT8 positive cells were observed in lamina propria. In every case, more OKT4 positive cells were detected in number than OKT8 positive cells. Some OKB19 positive cells and macrophages were observed in lamina propria, but OKT6 positive cells were not observed. OKDR positive cells were observed in high density, and more OKDR positive cells were detected than OKT4, OKT8 and OKB19 positive cells. Most of the OKDR positive cells were small in size and round in shape.
    From these results, many T lymphocytes were thought to be activated, and T lymphocytes were thought to play an important role in nasal allergy.
  • アデノイド扁桃手術後症例の検討
    水吉 陽子
    1991 年 94 巻 5 号 p. 649-656
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Questionnaries concerning the pre- and post- operative conditions were conducted on 92 patients with secretory otitis media who underwent adenotomy or adeno-tonsillectomy. Fifty-three patients of them further received microscopic inspection of the eardrum and hearing tests. The questionnaries indicated that episodes of fever-up or cold decreased markedly after the operations. However, even after the operations, one-third of the patients experienced acute otitis media, and one-fourth complained of nasal symptoms such as nasal obstruction and nasal discharge. About a half of the patients showed normal findings of the eardrum after the operations. Secretory otitis media was cured in almost all cases ; 80% of the ears showed type A tympano-grams. However, about 35% of the ears showed unfavorable prognoses after the operations ; recurrence and elongated cure were found in 75% and 25% of these ears, respectively. The younger the patients, the higher the incidence of unfavorable prognosis became. Recur-rence was most frequently observed in patients younger than 6-year-old, and it usually occurred 4 -9 months after the operations mainly in winter The present study suggested that patients must be followed for at least 1 year after operation and that nasal symptoms must be carefully treated in patients not older than 5 years.
  • 村井 和夫, 近芳 久, 小原 能和, 立木 孝, 河嶋 寛, 斉木 巌
    1991 年 94 巻 5 号 p. 657-666
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 佐々野 利春
    1991 年 94 巻 5 号 p. 667-677
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Clinical and electrocochleographic studies of low tone familial deafness were carried out in 19 patients of 10 families. These hearing impairments were characterized by an upward-sloping pure tone audiogram with 50dB to 60dB hearing threshold below 2000Hz and with normal or near-normal hearing threshold above this frequency. The type of inheritance in these families showed autosomal dominant mode and no associated malformation.
    In 7 patients, hearing tests were repeated, it was observed that hearing threshold was not elevated. The short increment sensitivity index (SISI) tests were positive suggesting a hair cell lesion in tested 7 patients. The caloric tests were normal in tested 3 patients. No abnormal internal ear configuration was found in both X-ray and high-resolution computed tomography.
    Twelve patients with these familial low tone deafness (FLTD), 19 patients with Meniere's disease, and 9 patients with low tone sudden deafness (LTSD) were studied using the transtympanic electrode technique of electrocochleography. All patients of FLTD showed normal negative summating potential (-SP) amplitude, and the cochlear microphonics (CM) showed a nearly same detection threshold as hearing level of the pure tone audiogram at 1 kHz and 0. 5 kHz. The evidence suggested that the hearing impairment resulted from a localized abnormality of the cochlear apex, and without endolymphatic hydrops.
    On the other hand, patients with Meniere's disease and LTSD showed a high -SP amplitude and a satisfactory detection threshold of CM compared with hearing level of the pure tone audiogram. These findings suggest that both Meniere's disease and LTSD relate to endolymphatic hydrops.
  • 森本 賢治, 成田慎 一郎, 川口 栄三, 山岸 みどり, 形浦 昭克
    1991 年 94 巻 5 号 p. 678-684
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    A study was conducted on 153 children with otitis media with effusion to assess risk factors for otitis media with effusion. Information was collected by questionnaire survey, clinical examination and audiological tests including tympanography.
    We investigated two groups of children with otitis media with effusion. Group 1 consisted of 70 children with otitis media with effusion who had not undergone myringotomy. Group 2 consisted of 83 children with otitis media with effusion who had undergone myringotomy. Bottle feeding and adenoidal hypertrophy occurred more frequently in Group 2 than in Group 1.
    These observations provide an epidemiologic and clinical basis for further investigations of otitis media with effusion.
  • 溝尻 源太郎, 柴 裕子, 赤沢 登, 井上 健造, 星野 鉄雄, 野崎 智嗣, 山田 康荘
    1991 年 94 巻 5 号 p. 685-692
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    We received seven cases of parapharyngeal space lesions and discussed on nesessity of biopsy.
    Tumors originating in the pararharyngeal space were represented by parotid pleomorphic adenomas which showed bulging of soft palate and tonsillar fossa, and benign neurogenic tumors which showed bulging of the lateral wall of the mesopharynx. In these cases, preoperative biopsy was not nesessary unless the lesion was suspected, of malignancy by CT, MRI and so on.
    In the case of bulging of soft palate and tonsillar fossa, if CT or MRI finding shows that the tumor is localized in the median portion of the parapharyngeal space and is separated from greater vessels and nerves exsisting in the parapharyngeal space, therapeutic protocol might be planned after an establishment of histological diagnosis with biopsy.
    In the case of a bulging latereal wall of the mesopharynx with a history of malignant neoplasm of the head and neck, lymph node metastasis should be thought about.
  • 畠山 直登, 小出 純一, 福田 成司, 横井 久, 柳田 則之
    1991 年 94 巻 5 号 p. 693-698
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Relationship of circulating immune complexes to some inner ear disorders has been suggested recently. Thus, bovine serum albumin (BSA) nephritis, a model of chronic serum sickness, was made and morphological, immunological studies of cochlea were performed using light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescent antibody methods. Group 1 consisted of animal sensitized with daily BSA injections for 90 days; in group 2, BSA was administered for 70 days, daily, and after a three-weeks interval, injections were continued for another 21 days; group 3 consisted of animals sensitized with daily BSA injections for 100 days followed by BSA injection into the facial nerve via the stylo-mastoid foramen. The animals (group 3) were sacrificed on day 1 and 4 following facial nerve sensitization for examination of cochlear morphological changes. No morphological changes were observed (group 1). Protrusion of marginal cells into endolymphatic space was seen, because of swelling of endoplasmic reticulum of the cells of stria vascularis's (group 2). Slight hydrops was present mainly in the basal turn (group 3). No IgG deposits were found in all groups. It appears that the changes in group 2 were caused by rather chronic nephritis than immune reaction. We conclude that damage induced in the cochlea is negligible compared to the extensive lesions observed in the kidney in chronic serum sickness.
  • 寺薗 富朗, 大島 渉, 粂 俊之, 中尾 美穂, 紀平 晋也, 水越 文和, 最上 朗, 竹上 永祐, 日向 誠, 塔之岡 彰子, 高田 ...
    1991 年 94 巻 5 号 p. 699-704
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Sixty-three ears of 49 patients with serous otitis media were treated making use of butterfly ventilation tube in our 4 hospitals and 1 private office. The average time from intubation to extubation was 9 months and the longest case was 33 months. Main complications were infection and spontaneous extubation. The rate of hearing improvement after tympanostomy was more than 80% in all cases. The frequency of the most improvement was observed in 1kHz on the average. It was cleared that the butterfly ventilation tube was easy to use for the wide age patients and at any clinics. It was concluded that the butterfly ventilation tube was useful as a long-term ventilation tube.
  • 第2報反応域値の決定
    青木 記美惠
    1991 年 94 巻 5 号 p. 705-711
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    In the ABR audiometry we usually determine the threshold by visual scoring. The evaluation of visual scoring has been investigated in my laboratory for several years, using the traced samples of ABR obtained from 3 normal adults same as that described in my previous report. Stimuli were clicks of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30dBSL and without stimulus. Thresholds were calculated by the two psychophysical methods, "method of limits" and "up and down method" Scorers were two groups : 3 experienced and 3 inexperienced.
    Results obtained were as follows:
    1. In the method of limits, averages of thresholds measured by the experienced scorers were contained 6.0_??_9.8dB, their standard deviations being 3.82_??_6.40dB. 84_??_95% of all thresholds were contained 0_??_10dB or 5_??_10dB in the experienced group.
    2. In the method of limits, the highest rate that all scorers of a group had the same threshold was 56% in the separate presentation in the experienced group.
    3. In the up and down method averages of threshold were contained 4. 6_??_9. 1dB, which were smaller than the method of limits, and standard deviations were contained 1. 77_??_3. 18dB, which were about 1/2 times in the method of limits. 92_??_99% of all thresholds were contained 0_??_5dB or 5_??_10dB.
  • 電子スピン共鳴スピントラッピング法による測定
    藤岡 正, 伊藤 博喜, 都築 達, 田中 康夫
    1991 年 94 巻 5 号 p. 712-715
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Recently, superoxide dismutase (SOD) has been regarded as a scavenger of superoxide radical which is a important factor of `reperfusion injury' in ischemic heart or in brain disorder. Its low activity means cell susceptibility to the superoxide radical in tissues.
    The SOD activity was examined in ten canine larynges after phonation by a electron spin resonance (ESR) -spin-trapping method. The values of mean SOD activity at the middle part of the membranous vocal cord, the vocal process of the arytenoid and the subglottal portion were 67.84±11.06 U/ml/g, 121.94±19. 46U/ml/g and 115. 46±19.18U/ml/g, respectively. There was a significant difference between the value of the membranous vocal cord and those of the other two (P<0.01).
    The result suggests that the low SOD activity at the part of the membranous vocal cord might relate to a pathogenesis of the laryngeal polyp and vocal nodule. The reperfusion injury may participate in the cause of such vocal cord disorders which grow commonly at the middle part of the membranous vocal cord.
  • 草刈 潤
    1991 年 94 巻 5 号 p. 740-743
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
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