日本耳鼻咽喉科学会会報
Online ISSN : 1883-0854
Print ISSN : 0030-6622
ISSN-L : 0030-6622
62 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の15件中1~15を表示しています
  • 椎津 重彦
    1959 年 62 巻 1 号 p. 1-11
    発行日: 1959/01/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Concerning the vestibular labyrinth, especially the function of the otolithic organ, many obscure problems have been remained. Conflicting statements appear in the medical literature concernigg the sacular function. The author carried out the experiment by giving the injury to the saccular nerve in the osseous labyrinth, without the influece on the labyrinthine fluid. On the other hand, each of other labyrinthine nerve was injured similarly and the saccular function was confirmed. Moreo- ver, the saccular macula was e5posed to D.C. stimulations. In the observation of these experiments, the author examined the relfex movement of eyeballs. The localization of the injury was confirmed by histological examination. The results obtained were summerized as follows: The saccule of rabbit has labyrinthine functions. 1) It performs the compensatory deviation of eyeballs in frontal plane, and the saccule moves the eyeball upward homolaterally and the downward contralaterally. 2) The saccule reacts on the movement of eyeball when the otolith is in suspended position. 3) The number of nystagmus changes by the stimulation on saccule, decreasing the number of mystugmus toward the opposite side.
  • 幸坂 十四男
    1959 年 62 巻 1 号 p. 12-21
    発行日: 1959/01/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    With the aid of phase contrast microscope the author studied the ciliated epithelial cells of the mucous membrane obtained from the maxillary sinus at the time of operation. The results were as follows: 1. It was possible to observe the form of the cells and cilia, basal bodies, nuclei, mitochondria, storage granules, Golgi's apparatus etc. without staining. 2. The ciliary movement was mainly shown in hooked type, its effective stroke, recovery stroke and metachronism were observed distinctly, but in few cases climbing movement was observed. 3. The ciliary movement became gradually inactive and finally ceased, and then nuclear memb- rane became brilliant and double-contoured with the lapse of time. Further, the cell showed a tendency of swelling and at last the protoplasm and niuclei were destructed, but in few cases contraction of the cells was observed. 4. Studying the effect of various chemicals and durgs upon the ciliated epithelial cells, it was confirmed that fixatives produce distinct changes for living cells. Distilled water showed marked influence on the cells where normal saline did not show any significant change.
  • 佐藤 靖雄, 大木 稔文, 米山 文明, 千葉 英樹
    1959 年 62 巻 1 号 p. 22-27
    発行日: 1959/01/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Observations were made on 18 human temporal bones by making split lines and the structure of the substantia compacta was examined. Then the dynamic studies were made on them. 1) The outer surface. a) There were lines running from the anterior surface of the mastoid portion to the inner side of the external auditory canal. b) The lines originating from the tip of the mastoid portion run along the postero-superior part of the external auditory canal toward the antero-superior part. They joined together with their lines from the anterior and superior part of the squama, and run forwards along the axis of the zygomatic process. 2) The inner surface. The lines from backwards were consentrated to the pyramid. 3) The external auditory canal. The lines along the long axis turned at right angle on the tympanic ring and run along it. 4) The lines on the prominence of the lateral semicircular canal and the facial canal run along its long axis. 5) There were lines surrounding the oval window and the round window. 6) There were lines vertical in the promontory. 7) The osseus semicircular canal. In the inner surface of the semicircular canal, the ampulla had ring shaped lines running at right angle against the axis of cochlea and the crus had lines run obliquely against it. There were coiled lines winding to right on the semicirular canal of the right ear. 8) On the inner surface of the cochlea, there were ring shaped lines running at right angle against the long axis and those lines nearer the helicotrema showed tendency of the coil winding to right in the cochlea of the right ear. From direction of split lines, dynamic study was made on substantia compacta of the temporal bone.: 1) The outer surface of the temporal bone. The postero-superior wall of the external auditory canal had strong structure against the force- from the parietal and occipital region. 2) The external auditory canal. The ring of the ear drum had strong structure. 3) The margin of the oval window and the round window had a framework. 4) The semicircular canal had strong structure against the force which was given from the ampulla to the crus and the crus to the ampulla. 5) Any part in each winding of the cochlea had strong structure against the force given from various directions.
  • 大和田 一郎
    1959 年 62 巻 1 号 p. 28-43
    発行日: 1959/01/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    The author examined the fibrous structure of the tympanic membrane in amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals under the microscope with a polaroid attachment. The conclusions were as follows: 1) The lamina propria of the tympanic membrane was composed of two groups of fibers, radial and non-radial. The radial fibers, could be found in all of the examined vertebrates. On the other hand, the non-radial fibers could be found in 'all vertebrates except some amphibians (Fig. 1). The arrangement of the non-radial fibers varied in different species, but had resemblance in a same species (Fig. 1∼10). 2) In mammals, the non-radial fibers consist of three sub-groups, circular, parabolic and trans- versal: The circular fibers could be divided into two types. In typeI, fibers ran in parallel with each other, while in typeII, fibers ran across to make network (Fig. 7, 14, 18). The mixture of those two types of arrangement of fibers was not observed. The parabolic fibers originated from the short process of the malleus and ran in parabolic courses forward and backward to the periphery of the tympanic membrane. The transversal fibers which were discovered in certain mammals in this study, were designated as the "transversal fiber" by the author. These fibers ran from one point in the periphery of the tympanic membrane to an opposite in the inferior area of the membrane, making arches with their concavity against the umbo (Fig. 9, 10, 20). 3) Secondi and Fumagalli discovered the "crescentic fiber" at the border of the tympanic membrane in some mammals. The crescentic fibers and the parabolic fibers were mentioned to make the " parabolic-crescentic system" (Fig. 11). Moreover, they mentioned that this system and the radial fibers were in a reciprocal balance, and with different position of the malleus, the degree of their bending would change, but not their tension. However, in this study the so-called "crescentic fiber" were not observed. Although small arches of fibers were regarded as the crescentic fibers at the border of the membranes in some mammals (ape and mankind), those fibers were confirmed to be the endings of the parabolic fib ers by the author (Fig.12, Fig.19, d). This indicates that the parabolic fibers transmit the acoustic vibration of the tympanic membrane to the short process of the malleus concentrically (Fig. 13). 4) According to the morophological observations above mentioned, the author assumed that the difference in the mode of vibration of the tympanic membrane depended upon the difference in the structure of the fibers of the tympanic membrane. This assumption was assertained in this study by means of a stroboscope (Fig. 15, 16).
  • 向井 貞三
    1959 年 62 巻 1 号 p. 44-56
    発行日: 1959/01/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Examination was performed on rabbits, which were subdivided into the followings five groups: the intact, the unilaterally labyrinthectomized, the bilaterally labyrinthectomized, the decerebrated, the combinated of both decerebration and unilateral labyrinthectomy. Electric discharges were recorded in the muscles of the deep nape, the deep back and the fore limbs. Changings of the discharge in frequency were observed during angular acceleration of 90∼180- in a horizontal plane for 1∼2 seconds. The vestibulo-spinal reflex was discussed from the electromyographical point of view. 1. Labyrinthine muscular responses were observed in the deep nape and the deep back muscles, but not in the fore-limb. 2. In the deep nape and the deep back muscles of the intact and the decerebrated rabbits the electric discharges showed an increase in the muscles of the opposite side to rotatory direction, but a decrease in those of the same side during the accelerated period of rotation. During the decelerated period, however, the tendency of the muscular reaction was found to be reversed or to return to the state of the pre-stimulatory stage. The interval diagrams of discharges, observed in the decerebrated rabbit showed frequently smoothed curve as compared with those of the intact. 3. In the muscles of the intact side on the unilaterally labyrinthectomized animals, it was. difficult to record continuously the regular discharges, but phasic discharges were occasionally observed. The results of this experiment well support the contralateral innervation theory of the laby- rinthine muscular tonus. The electromyographical observations revealed that the muscular tonus was raised by the ampullopetal stimuli while it was inhibited by the ampullofugal.
  • 北条 仁
    1959 年 62 巻 1 号 p. 57-68
    発行日: 1959/01/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Labyrinth symptoms of rabbit were observed for a long period of time after the removal of the superior cervical ganglion or the stellate ganglion in one side or in both sides in one stage or two stages. The results obteined were as follows: 1) Spontaneous nystagmus appeared in half of the rabbits immediately after the ganglionectomy, it directed mostly toward the operated side. Those phenomena were observed after the superior cervical ganglionectomy as well as the stellate ganglionectomy. 2) Incidence of postrotatory nystagmus was generally decreased after the operation, however in the majority of cases it gradually returned to preoperative condition. In few cases it increased temporarily. 3) Positional nystagmus appeared in two third of the rabbits. howerer, in general, disappeared within two or three weeks after the operation. Occasionally it continued for two months after the operation. 4) Otolith-Reflex slightly decreased after the operation. Second Report: Histopathological Observation The author made histological examination of the internal ear of rabbits in a long period of time after the removal of the superior cervical ganglion or stellate ganglion in one side or in both sides. The results obteined were as follow 1) In a short time after the operation dilatation of blood vessels of the internal ear, edema- tous swelling of organ, and hypertonia labyrinthi in vestibule were seen, particularly vascular stria changes most significantly appeared. 2) Those histological changes were present in contralateral side of the ear as well as in the operated side. 3) Those histological changes were present in the cases with cervical superior ganglionectomy as well as stellate ganglionectomy, however more severe changes were seen in cases with the removal of both ganglia in one stage. 4) Those initial changes disappeared gradually however the histological changes in the blood vessels of the ear labyrinth remained. To the given internal and external stimuli, the ear lalyr- inth in those condition reacted stronger than those in normal condition.
  • 鼓室内薬剤注入と迷路性筋反応
    喜多野 邦夫
    1959 年 62 巻 1 号 p. 69-84
    発行日: 1959/01/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    On the normal and decerebrated rabbits, antihistamics (i.e. aminoether, ethylendiamine, phen- otliazine and monoamine), local anesthetics (i.e. cocaine and lalcohol), (i.e. adrenalin, pilocarpine, and atropine), and interneuronal blocking agent (i.e. meprobamate) are so introduced into the tympanic cavities, that the effect of the drugs upon their labyrinths could be studied clinically and electromyographycally. The obtained results were as follows: 1. Clinical findings: The spontaneous nystagmus to the untreated ear side was observed when the aminoether, cocaine, adrenalin and alcohol were introduced. When pilocarpine and alcohol were introduced spontaneous nystagmus to the treated side was observed. But by the application of the other drugs the spontaneous nystagmus was not observed. The head-deviation as the effect of antihistamin drug of aminoether, cocaine, adrenalin, and alcohol in anesthetic period, is shown with the infused ear downwards, and as the effect of pilocarpine and alcohol in stimulating period with the non-infusedd ear downwards. 2. Electromyographical findings: By the effect of antihistamin drug of aminoether, cocaine, adrenalin, and alcohol' in anesthetic period, the spontaneous discharges in the deep nape muscles of the non-infused ear side are decreased, and on the contrary are increased by pilocarpin and alcohol in stimulating period. By the other drugs the spontaneous, discharges in the deep nape muscles of the both sides are not changed. 3. The effect of the antihistamin drug of aminoether and local anesthetics upon the labyrinthine muscle tonus is remarkable, but of sympathetic drugs, i.e. adrenalin and pilocarpine'is slight. (autoreferat)
  • 音盤の試作
    河村 正三, 中村 賢二, 芦沢 正見, 小泉 明
    1959 年 62 巻 1 号 p. 85-91
    発行日: 1959/01/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    At present, there are two principal methods of screening test for loss of hearing in common use. One is the individual and the otherr is the group hearing test. The tape-recorder ani the Rion GA-1012 Group Audiometer were used. They consisted essentially of two parts connecte3 together ellectrically: namely a recorder and 30∼80 telephone receivers. Receivers were matched ellectrically to one another within 5 or 10 decibels over a wide frequency range. (Fig. 2) We made the tape-record and long playing record for the use of the group audiometer test. The tones of stimuli used in our test were the speech sounds of several numerals from 1 to 10 and pure tones at the frequency of 500, 1000 and 4000 cps. A sample of the pattern of presenta- tion of stimuli has been shown in Table 1, 2 and 3. The loudness of the spoken numbers was graduated in such a manner that each succeeding series were 10 or 20 decibels less than the pre- ceeding ser.es.An above threshold pure tone was recorded in spurts of 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 stimulations. The intensity of the tone for each series of spurts was decreased systematically. The subjects were required to record the frequency of the number of spurts delivered at each intensity level. Tow thousands seven hundreds and thirty-four elementary school children and 487 industrial workers were tested, in the manner described above. It was found that for pupils, 326 cases failed the first group test. Only those cases failing the first test were given the re-test. One hundred and twelve cases failed the re-test. We administered an individual pure tone audiometer test to 112 children who had twice failed the group test. The results showed that only 48 cases (42.9 oea cent) had significant hearing losses for pure tones. For industrial workers, 312 cases failed the first group test. Among them 288 cases (92.3 per cent) had significant hearing losses. It was found that 7 cases among 175 cases passing the group test had impaired hearing. However among them 4 cases had hearing loss only at 8000 cps and the other 3 cases had slight hearing loss for pure tones less than 30 decibels.
  • 後藤 修二
    1959 年 62 巻 1 号 p. 92-95
    発行日: 1959/01/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    The author studied the literatures and discussed whether tympanoplastic operation should be done in one stage or in two stage. And contrary to Brunnar's idea, he suggested one stage tym panoplasty except cases with inflammatory bleeding tendency.
  • 高見 憲保
    1959 年 62 巻 1 号 p. 96-106
    発行日: 1959/01/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Based upon my statistical observations in the past on various cases of acute otitis media, I have been able to confirm that penicillin has had marked effect upon the improvement of prognosis of the disease and the prevention of its complications. Therefore I have further made experimental studies about the extent of the preventive effect which penicillin might have on the post-operative labyrinthitis following to the fenestration operation of labyrinth. The fenestration of the labyrinth have been performed on 40 rabbits. On one-half of these rabbits, 300, 000 units of penicillin sol were injected into the muscules every day for one month, while the other half were left untreated. All these rabbitis were fed for one month and observ- ations were made. Then histological specimens were obtained from their labyrinths, and histo- pathological examinations were carried out. As for the reaction of the living rabbits during the time of the treatment after the operation, the rabbits which were treated by penicillin injection showed the less severe symptoms of labyr- inthitis than those which were not treated. Histologicaly, while the former showed serous labyrinthitis, the latter showed purulent labyrinthitis. The series of experiments above mentioned show that penicillin has a preventive effect in certain degrees on the post-operative labyrinthitis.
  • 第1部 正常編
    小倉 孝
    1959 年 62 巻 1 号 p. 107-123
    発行日: 1959/01/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Part 1. Findings in Normal Subjects. Two types of rotatory examination, cupulometry and threshold-latency method, were performed and normal values were obtained with regard to the duration of post-rotatory nystagmus, the latency and the threshold of per-rotatory nystagmus. Nystagmus was observed behind Frenzel's spectacles. Fifty "apparently normal" test-subjects (among them, seven were ballet-dancers) were examined in this study. Rotatory stimulation was given by means of an electrically driven rotating chamber which is constructed so as to be easily controllable at any needed angular acceleration or deceleration, as well as at any needed angular velocity. Sudden but smooth stoppage of this chamber is possible, too. The results obtained were as follows:- 1) Nomograms predicting the normal limits of variation of cupulogram were presented. 2) Normal value of the latency of nystagmus was about four seconds (4.3"±3.7"). 3) The threshold of nystagmus in normal subjects was found between 0.3"∼0.75"/sec2. In, cases of ballerinas, the threshold was found within the normal range, but with a slight elevation of the threshold. These results led us to the conclusion that, when the subjects, are examined who used to receive repeated rotatory stimulation in their daily life, the vestibular reaction is depressed, when expressed with the duration of post-rotatory nystagmus, On the other hand, however, in these cases, no distinct disparity from normal values can be observed regarding the latency and the threshold of nystagmus. Statistical difference between reactions of the labyrinths on both sides was not remarked regarding the duration, the latency and the threshold. Part 2. Findings in Patients. Vestibular examination was performed on 63 pathological cases (33 cases with peripheral vestbular lesions, 30 with central ones) who visited the ear-nose-and-throat clinic in our hospital with chief complaints of vertigo and disturbances of equilibrium during these two years. The results obtained in these cases led us to the following conclusions: 1) Comparison between per- and post-rotatory examination With regard to the ability to discover either the laterality and/or the abnormality of vesti- bular function, per-rotatory test was found surpassing post-rotatory one. Threshold-test had an ability to indicate the affected side in cases of acoustic tumor and Meniere's disease etc., and, moreover, allowed to determine quantitatively the extent of the vestibular deficit. Latency-test appeared to have the same .characteristics but seemed to be inferior to threshold-test in its ability to indicate the side of the lesion. 2) Comparison between rotatory test and caloric test In more than half the cases, whose threshold of per-rotatory nystagmus was regarded within normal values, caloric test could reveal pathologycal findings. This must depend upon the fact that, contrary to caloric test, rotatory test stimulates. both labyrinths at a time and also the fact that a compensatory action of the central nervous system participates more easily in the mechanism of nystagmic reaction. Consequently, when one attempts to detect "laterality" of the periphetral labyrinth, caloric test is regarded to be more usefull and valuable than rotatory one, if applicationof the former is only possible.
  • 河村 進市
    1959 年 62 巻 1 号 p. 124-133
    発行日: 1959/01/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Author recognized malingers in nearly 5% (65 cases) out of 1435 cases on which detailed hearing test were carried out in Tokyo Labour Accident Hospital. During the study of these cases with various kinds of simulation tests, author devised a modified simulation test accidentally. By this modified simulation test, which is based on principles of Stenger's method, we can do the measurement of both air conduction threshold simultaneously with simulation test by using two air conduction receivers attached to the audiomnter. After measuring the threshold of the worse ear, we set down that threshold by 5db, and calculate the threshold of the better ear. Author explained mainly about an example in which the most remarkable effect of this test was recognized. The test is simple and surpasses in many aspects the simulation tests adopted in the past. Furthermore author discussed the merits and demerits of the test, various simulation tests and the care of these patients.
  • 高岡 壮一郎
    1959 年 62 巻 1 号 p. 134-149
    発行日: 1959/01/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    The causes of hearing loss in 2738 patients in Shizuoka Prefecture have been analysed since 1951 and 40 patients who belonged to familiar inner ear deafness were found. The author inves- tigated their families by means of the historical, statistical(method of Kishimoto-Kobayashi etc.) and hiometry examinations(method of Weinberg and Apelt-Bernstein etc.).The results were as follows: 1)According to the pedigrees, the possibility of heredity or rather the direct heredity was recognized. 2)The morbidity was 73.67±2.63%among 14 patients in 5 families, whose both parents had a familiar inner ear deafness. 3)The morbidity was 46, 77±3.24among 116patients in 35 families, one of whose parents had a familiar inner ear deafness. From the above stated results the author concluded that the heredity of familiar inner ear deafness was dominant and followed the Mendel's law.
  • 松井 亮児
    1959 年 62 巻 1 号 p. 150-155
    発行日: 1959/01/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    About 17 cases of deafness caused by Streptomycin therapy, pure tone audiometry and speech audiometry were done. The result swere as follows: (1) Between pure tone hearing loss and hearing loss for speech, correlation was recognized. (2) The correlation was also recognized, between pure tone hearing loss, and discrimination loss. (3) Between pure tone hearing loss and Social Adequacy Index, inverse correlation was recognized. (4) When hearing loss was more than 50db at 4000c/s, the patients complained of deafness.
  • 鈴木 安恒, 岩井 宏方, 鈴木 昭雄, 井上 寿樹
    1959 年 62 巻 1 号 p. 156-162
    発行日: 1959/01/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Taking X-ray pictures of the noses of 82 atrophic rhinitis patients who came to our hospital from 1951 to 1956, the authors measured the dimensions of the paranasal sinuses and the width of the noses on the pictures with the planimeter and obtained the following statistic results. 1) The maxillar, frontal and sphenoidal sinuses of the atrophic rhinits patients were narrower than those of normal persons in both male and female and on both sides. 2) The maxillar, frontal and sphenoidal sinuses of genuine ozena (abbreviated as ozena) patients were narrower than those of simple atrophic rhinits patients. 3) No particular difference was observed between the dimensions of the ethmoid cells in atrophic rhinitis and those in normals. Also there was no particular difference between those in ozena and those in simple atrophic rhinitis. 4) It is found that the correlation existed between the maxillar sinuses and the frontal sinuses of normals and simple atrophic rhinitis, but no such correlation was found in ozena. This fact seemed to indicate that in ozena the function to help the paranasal sinuses to grow into a certain harmonized pattern was disturbed. 5) It is found that the correlation existed between the width of the maxillar sinuses and the width of the noses in all of normals. simple atrophic rhinits and ozena. The nasal cavities and the maxillar sinuses were closely correlated. 6) The nasal cavities were wider in ozena than in normals, but no particular difference was found between the nasal cavity of simple atrophic rhinitis and that of normals. 7) A defect of the frontal sinuses was found in 7 out of 82 atrophic rhinitis patients but none out of normal persons.
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