巻号一覧
後続誌
前身誌
93 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の12件中1～12を表示しています
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
とくに上顎洞洗浄療法について野々山 勉, 間島 雄一, 西井 さつき, 岡田 英作, 高橋 志光, 湯田 厚司, 坂倉 康夫1990 年 93 巻 3 号 p. 355-360
発行日: 1990/03/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe managements and the results of therapy for children with chronic sinusitis were reported. During the period of 1980 to 1988, 190 patients, aged 3 to 15, were examined at our outpatient clinic. The pathologic conditions of the maxillary sinus were examined by the contrast x-ray study (X-MFT). The mild, moderate and severe lesions in the maxillary sinus evaluated by X-MFT were 22%, 44; and 34%, respectively. Sixty-two per cent of ethmoid sinus was opacified in occipitofrontal view. The degree of patency of the maxillary ostium was evaluated by an application of the constant pressure to the maxillary sinus. Almost all maxillary ostia of these patients were patent. Nasal mucociliary clearance was reduced in 37% of the patients examined after the saccharin method.
Antral lavages were performed once in a week for the therapy of 72% of children with chronic sinusitis. The efficacy of this modality was evaluated by the above mentioned items. The maxillary and ethmoid lesions, and nasal mucociliary transit time were significantly improved by the modality after 25 months in average. These results indicate that the antral lavage is an useful therapy for chronic sinusitis in children.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (482K) -
特に一側難聴,一側聾について及川 尚1990 年 93 巻 3 号 p. 361-372
発行日: 1990/03/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーI. Objective
The present study was undertaken in order to determine the onset of monaural deafness, especially whether it is congenital or acquired, making an investigation into the sense of sound direction in monaural hearing impairment and monaural deafness and compairing them between hearing-impaired patients and normal hearers.
II. Subjects
This study was carried out on 26 patients with monaural hearing impairment, 22 patients with monaural deafness and 10 normal hearers.
III. Methods
A circle with a radius of 1.3m was drawn around a fixed patient's position in a sound proof room, and the circle was divided into 16 directions at an equal angle of 22.5°. A blindfolded hearer was instructed to listen to a speaker for white noise of 60dB (A) for one second and verbally answer in which direction he heard the noise. The normal hearers were tested in 4-, 8-, and 16-directions, and the hearing-impaired patients were tested in only 8-directions.
IV. Results
1. Normal Hearers
The rate of correct answers decreased with increasing directions of sound.
The incorrect answers in 4-direction testing were only confusion between forward and backward directions, and similar incorrect answers were made in 8- and 16-direction testing. All other incorrect answers were errors of less than 45°.
2. Monaurally Hearing-impaired Patients
The rate of correct answers on the whole was low.
There was such a relationship between the rate of correct answers and the mean hearing level of patients that the total rate of correct answers decreased with increasing hearing impairment. This correlation was statistically significant, and there was a still more significant correlation between the degree of hearing impairment and the rate of correct answers as to the right and left directions.
Incorrect answers were errors of90° or less on the healthy side, while errors were made for all directions on the affected side.
3. Monaurally Deaf Patients
The rate of correct answers was by far lower on the affected side.
Whereas many errors were within 45° on the healthy side, errors were made for all directions on the affected side.
Judging from the onset of hearing loss, the monaurally deaf patients were divided into a group of 8 patients who obviously had sudden aquired deafness and a group of 9 patients who were presumed to have congenital monaural deafness. The mean rate of correct answers of the former group was superior to the latter group's, particularly on the effected side.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (805K) -
脇園 茂樹, 小宗 静男, 久 和孝, 上村 卓也1990 年 93 巻 3 号 p. 373-380
発行日: 1990/03/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe perilymphatic space was perfused with artificial perilymph containing 5×10-3M potassium canrenoate. The EP, K+ and Na+ activities in the scala media were measured with double barrelled K+ or Na+ selective microelectrode. Following the onset of the perfusion, the EP gradually declined and was stable after about 20 minutes. K+ activity also declined gradually but Na+ activity was unchanged. When the EP became stable, the artificial ventilation was stopped. The EP dropped to a large negative potential and K+ activity decreased gradually, but Na+ activity increased by degrees. The same results were observed in the untreated animals when the ventilation was stopped. There are no pathological changes both in the TEM view of the stria vascularis and in the SEM view of the hair cell. These results suggest that this drug may affect K+ conductance of the stria vascularis specifically.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1046K) -
相原 隆一, 湯本 英二, 丘村 煕, 柳原 尚明1990 年 93 巻 3 号 p. 381-387
発行日: 1990/03/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーMultiple primary cancers of the head and neck are not always rare. We have experienced 30 cases of multiple primary cancers in the Department of Otolaryngology, Ehime University School of Medicine from 1976 to 1989. The incidence ranged from 3.6% to 8.9% with flexible criteria. The minimum was 14 of 393 cases of all index cancers, strictly conformed with Warren's definition. The maximum was 29 of 327 cases of index cancers on the mucosal surfaces, including a combination of both head and neck cancers. In view of organic specificity of the index cancers, the incidence was high in the larynx and oral cavity, low in the nasopharynx and maxillary sinus. The concept of "multicentric cancerization" was verified by the result that 60% of the additional cancers were head and neck, esophagus and lung. During following-up studies of oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal and laryngeal cancers, we have to examine the esophagus periodically due to high risk of occurrence of cancer. To compare the data of multiple primary cancers of the head and neck between institutions, adequate and detailed criteria should be established.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (585K) -
眞田 友明, 田中 信三, 日比 正史, 寺沢 るり子, 平野 実, 平出 芳生1990 年 93 巻 3 号 p. 388-392
発行日: 1990/03/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーRelationships between the degree of lesion and that of vocal dysfunction were investigated in 122 cases of vocal fold polyp. A normalized size of polyps and glottic gap were correlated to the results of phonatory ability tests, stroboscopic investigations, acoustic analyses, and perceptual evaluations. There was no significant correlation between the size and the gap. The size of polyp was negatively correlated to fundamental frequency, whereas it was positively correlated to roughness of voice, assymmetry of vocal fold vibration, irregularity of vocal fold vibration, pitch perturbation quotient, amplitude perturbation quotient, and normalized noise energy. The glottic gap showed negative correlations to maximum phonation time and sound pressure level, and positive correlations to mean airflow rate and fundamental frequency.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (326K) -
内藤 健晴, 岩田 重信, 加藤 隆一1990 年 93 巻 3 号 p. 393-397
発行日: 1990/03/20
公開日: 2008/12/15
ジャーナル フリーIn an attempt to detect the influence of various kinds of face masks and a nasal nozzle on nasal airflow, we made measurements of nasal resistance by a head-out body plethysmograph with or without the masks on the face or the nozzle to the nostril of the normal adult subjects.
The mean values of nasal resistance with the masks differed from the mean values without the masks significantly. No significant difference between values with and without the nozzle was found.
The coefficient variations of 40 consective measurements of nasal resistance with the masks or the nozzle had wider ranges than those without the apparatuses. But the variation due to the nozzle was the minimum in the apparatuses.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (593K) -
ホログラフィ干渉法による実験的研究末広 倫雄1990 年 93 巻 3 号 p. 398-406
発行日: 1990/03/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of positive and negative pressure in the middle ear on tympanic membrane (TM) vibrations were studied in twenty canine temporal bones by holographic interferometry. The displacement of the TM was measured by moire topography.
1) When pressure was applied to the tympanic cavity, the curvature of the TM became small under negative pressure and large under positive pressure, with the displacement being greater under positive pressure.
2) Without pressure load, the vibration pattern below 2kHz was simple and there were peak displacement regions in the posterior and anterior parts of the membrane and the peaks occurred approximately halfway along the manubrium. The TM vibrations showed sectional patterns, above 3kHz in the posterior and above 4kHz in the anterior.
The amplitude of the anterior peak was larger than that of the mallar tip, but smaller than that of the posterior.
3) At frequencies below 2kHz, the vibration pattern was not affected by negative pressure load. At frequencies of 3kHz or higher, the sectional patterns changed into the simpler patterns and the sectional vibrations diminished as the pressure increased.
4) Below 2kHz, the TM amplitude decreased with increasing negative pressure. Above 3 kH, the amplitude showed an initial increase but decreased at higher negative pressure loading.
With the amplitude of the mallar tip, the same tendency was observed. The resonance frequency shifted to a higher frequency range with pressure loading.
5) Under positive pressure, the vibration pattern remained unchanged below 2kHz, and above 3 kH, sectional vibrations changed to the simple vibrations. The vibration amplitude showed the same tendency as observed under negative pressure.
6) When either negative or positive pressure was applied to the tympanic cavity, the tympanic membrane was displaced inwardly or outwardly together with a shift of the ossicular chain. Due to this displacement, a change of the curvature of the TM and also an increase or decrease in the volume in the tympanic cavity occur. An increase in the stiffness of the TM was considered to have been the main cause of the change of vibrations.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2873K) -
隈上 秀高, 吉見 龍一郎1990 年 93 巻 3 号 p. 407-412
発行日: 1990/03/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe distribution of immunoglobulins IgG, IgA and IgM in the inner ear tissue from a patient who died of lung bleeding followed after sepsis was studied, and also the normal guinea pig inner ears and the inner ear disorders induced by Kanamycin injection were studied for the distribution of IgG.
The temporal bones were fixed in formaldehyde, decalcified in EDTA and embedded in paraffin. The PAP method was used for the demonstration of the immunoglobulins. In both the human inner ear tissue and the normal control inner ear tissue of the guinea pigs deposits of IgG were found in the sensory organs and the endolymphatic sac, however, in the stria vascularis was slight.
The severe damaged inner ears induced by Kanamycin the remarkable decreased deposits of IgG were found in the cochlea, but in the endolymphatic sac the remarkable increased deposits of IgG were found. No IgA and IgM were found in the human inner ear tissue.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1511K) -
時間分解能について佐伯 忠彦, 暁 清文, 柳原 尚明1990 年 93 巻 3 号 p. 413-419
発行日: 1990/03/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーTemporal auditory acuities provided by the middle ear implant (MEI) and by the hearing aid (HA) were compared in ten patients implanted with the MEI. Test sounds used in the experiment were tone bursts [rise and fall time: 25msec, duration (t): 982-1000msec, interval (T): 1000msec] of 500Hz or 2000Hz at 70 dBSPL. A speaker was placed in front of a subject one meter apart. At first, the subject adjusted the gain control of outer unit at the most comfortable loudness level. He heard totally fifty times of the test sounds, which varied in duration each 2msec difference between 982 and 1000msec and were provided in random manner. Therefore, sound of each duration was given 5 times. The notch [=(T-t)×2] of the test sounds recognized by the patients was regarded as time gap. Fifty percent discrimination thretholds, which were indicated by the gap times of the test sounds half identified, were obtained as the index of the temporal auditory acuity. Following the above test, performance of the HA was investigated by use of the same procedure. The results indicated that the temporal auditory acuities of the MEI were superior to those of the HA at 500Hz (P<0.01) and 2000Hz (P<0.001). When the intensity of the test sound at 2000Hz decreased from 70dBSPL to 60 or 50dBSPL, the temporal auditory acuities of the MEI and the HA were almost depreciated together with consistent difference in the test of 6 patients (P<0.01, 0.05). These results indicated that audiological advantages of the MEI were to some extent due to it's superiority in the temporal auditory acuity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (995K) -
花粉症患者および実験的鼻アレルギーモデルにおける検白崎 英明, 朝倉 光司1990 年 93 巻 3 号 p. 420-427
発行日: 1990/03/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーPlatelet-activating factor (PAF) is released in vitro by the reaction of antigen and IgE antibody on basophilic cells. In order to clarify that PAF was released in vivo during nasal allergic response, we measured PAF activities in nasal lavage fluids from both 10 patients with pollinosis and ovalbumine (OA) -sensitized guinea pigs before and after topical antigenic challenge. PAF activities were measured by their aggregating ability of washed rabbit platelets. The levels of lyso-PAF were determined after acetylation of lyso-form into the biologically active form of PAF. PAF or Lyso-PAF activites were detected in the nasal lavage fluids soon after the topical antigenic challenge in 7 patients. They were also found during late phase of between 3 and 8 hours after the challenge in 8 patients. In sensitized animals, PAF activities in the nasal lavage fluids significantly increased soon after topical antigenic stimulations. These data suggested that PAF was released during both early and late-phase nasal allergic reactions and might account for pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (561K) -
GABAを指標とした免疫組織化学的検討大上 研二, 関谷 透1990 年 93 巻 3 号 p. 428-436
発行日: 1990/03/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe changes of the neurotransmitter (GABA) distribution in the brain stem of the rats by retroauricular galvanic stimulation were investigated using immunohistochemical method.
Twenty-one rats were divided into two groups: the control group which received no galvanic stimulation, and the galvanically stimulated group which received anodal galvanic stimulation (unipolar monoauricular, 5mA in intensity, 500msec of duration, 1Hz in frequency) for 30 minutes. The specimens obtained as usual strict procedure for histological investigation were stained immunohistochemically using antisera against GABA.
The results were as follows:
1. In the control group, GABA-like immunoreactivity was observed in all four main vestibular nuclei. In the superior, medial, and descending vestibular nuclei GABA-like immunoreactivity was found in the small cells and the terminals. Giant cells in the lateral vestibular nucleus were surrounded by GABA immunoreactive terminals.
2. In the galvanically stimulated group GABA-like immunoreactivity showed recognizable laterality in the lateral vestibular nucleus where GABA-like immunoreactivity surrounding giant cells showed more intensive on the side ipsilateral to the stimulation compared with the opposite side. On the other hand GABA-like immunoreactivity showed no laterality in the superior, medial, and descending vestibular nuclei.
3. It can be concluded that the retroauricular galvanic stimulation cause some changes in the inhibitory activity of the lateral vestibulo-spinal tract and of the spinal motor neuron.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2018K) -
赤地 陽子1990 年 93 巻 3 号 p. 437-444
発行日: 1990/03/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe relationship between findings established by the photograph of the tympanic membrane and hypacusia was determined by pure-tone audiometory. Subjects were 352 ears of 267 patients diagnosed as otitis media with effusion (OME) or adhesive otitis media (AdOM). These two diseases were evaluated on the basis of photographs of the tympanic membrane taken from 1983 to 1988. The results were as follows;
1) The effect of aging process on hearing acuity was noted in patients with these diseases, i. e., values of hearing acuity by air and bone conduction were, in descending order, early-, mature-, and advanced-age groups, with significant differences (p<0.01).
2) Greater loss of acuity by air conduction in the middle to high frequency ranges was found in patients with OME than with AdOM. In bone conduction, a decrease in low frequency range in the early-and mature-age groups was larger in patients with AdOM than with OME and a significant decrease in 2000-6000Hz in the advanced-age group was more marked in patients with OME than with AdOM (p<0.05).
3) Among patients with AdOM, those with retained fluid in the middle ear showed a significant decrease in air conduction values and a significant increase in air-bone gap compared with those without fluid (p<0.05).
4) The degrees of adhesion correlated well with a decrease in hearing acuity.
5) Hearing acuity was not influenced by attic retraction, white plaque, scar and atrophy of their tympanic membranes.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1552K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|