Postoperative change of the frontal sinus cavity has not been well known. Fifty cases of the frontal sinuses were studied roentgenologically one year after operation which were performed by through the eye brow incision following T. Goto's method.
The result were as follows:
1) Obliteration of the sinus cavities was seen in 50% of all cases.
2) In the large frontal sinuses, obliteration was not found, while in the small ones, obliteratin was seen in the majority of the cases. As for this reason the author has pointed out potential energy of the sinus development, which is active in the well developed sinuses.
3) The forms of the frontal sinus, classified into three types according to the development in the frontal and ethmoidal bones, were related to the postoperative change of the cavity, e. g., the frontoethmoidal type shows difficulty of obliteration, while the frontal type shows less difficulty.
The three types of the frontal sinus are as follows:
The ethmoidal type has the cavity located in the ethmoidal bone. In fhe frontoethmoidal type the cavity is extended from the vertical plate of the frontal bone to the ethmoidal region. The frontal type is recognized generally as the typical sinus and its cavity is located in the vertical plate of the frontal bone, having the nasofrontal duct.
4) In the cases in which the change in the mucous membrane is mildy, tendency of obliteration is slight but in the cases with severe mucosal change particularly with edematous mucous membrane, obliteration was found frequently.

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Part 1. On the Conduction Capacity of the Columella
After extracting the temporal bone of cats the author gave sound stimuli to this temporal bone through the external auditory canal and measured the vibration amplitude of the labyrinthine side by means of a capacitative probe and determined the conduction capacity of the sound conducting system at 250, 500, 1, 000 and 2, 000cps when the lever function of the ossicular chain is obliterated. The results are as follows:
1. When the malleus and incus are removed from the normal sound conducting system, the sound conduction capactiy decreases about 28db in average.
2. After the removal of the malleus and incus from the normal sound conducting system:
a) When the portion between the capitulum of the stapes and the part of the tympanic membrane corresponding to the short process, is communicated with an artificial columella, the sound conduction capacity increases about 21db as compared with that in the item 1, and shows a decrease in the capacity by 7db in average as compared with the normal.
b) When the central part of the tympanic membrane and the capitulum of the stapes are communicated with an artificial columella, the sound conduction capacity increases 16db in average as compared with that of the iteml.
c) when the part of the tympanic membrane corresponding to the umbo and the capitulum of the stapes are communicated with an artificial columella, there can be observed an increase in the sound conduction capacity by about 14db as compared with that of the item 1, showing a decrease of about 14db as compared with the normal.
d) When the skin graft is placed on the capitulum of the stapes as to touch each other in the case where the tympanic membrane was deliberately removed, the sound conduction capacity decreases about 10db in average as compared with the normal.
3. The weight ratio of the artifcial columellas used in the model experiments is 1:3:5, and it seems that the lighter is the weight of the columella the better the restoration of the sound conduction.
4. It has been found that in the application of artificial columella the decrease in the sound conduction capacity is more marked in the high tone range than in the low tone range.
Part 2. Sound Conduction Capacity in Various Sound Conducting Systems by Manipulation
With the temporal bone removed from human sudjects, sound stimuli were given through the external auditory canal, and the vibration amplitude of the labyrinthine side was measured with a capacitative probe in order to estimate the efficacy of various sound pathways reconstructed by tympa noplasty. The following are the results:
1. When the antrum is blocked, the sound conduction capacity is raised by about 5 db in the range below 1, 000cps, and is decreased by about 5 db in the range of 2, 000 cps.
2. In the attic, when there is an adhesion between the skin graft on onehand, the head of malleus and the incus on the other, the sound conduction capacity is diminished and it is especially marked in the range above 1, 000cps,
3. In order to maintain a better sound conduction capacity after tympanoplasty, it is desirable to leave a bony bridge and/or a vertical bony bridge to prevent the skin graft from adhesion.
4. When the long process of the incus and the stapes are connected with a polyethylene tube after separating the incudostapedial joint, the decrease in sound conduction capacity proves to be only about 2db in average.

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A case of congenital malformation of the laryngeal cartilage was reported.
The patient was a 22year old young man who had always been hoarse especially in winter. He was first seen in our clinic of voice and speech division on June 20, 1959.
On inspection, his "Adam's apple" was hardly recognized in his anterior cervical region. On palpation, there was a defect in the anterior median portion of the thyroid cartilage, so that its wings of both sides were separated from each other.
Circus tomogram of his cervical region showed that his laryngeal lumen was elliptic in shape in horizontal plane, while in normal subject the lumen was triangular. This fact also indicated that both wings of the thyroid cartilage did not unite each other in the median line.
Laryngoscopic examination revealed chronic laryngitis with atrophy in the vocal ccrds. His hoarseness was considered to be due to chronic laryngitis brought forth by vocal abuse in defective condition of the larynx.
Improvement in his voice was obtained after a year of conservative treatment with adrenocortical hormone administered by nebulizer and instillation to the larynx.
Further observation must be necessary, since there was no remarkable change in defective condition in his laryngeal cartilage after the treatment.

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A case of dentigerous cyst of the left maxillary antrum in a 20 years old man was reported.
1. The cyst developed rapidly after a trauma to the incisors.
2. The cyst was so large (about. 30cc) that the medial, lateral and the anterior wall of the antrum were destructed.
3. Absorption and new growth of bone was found in the connective tissue of the cyst wall.
Also statistical observation of the dentigerous cyst in the last 10 years in Japan was performed and pathogenesis of the cyst was discussed.

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This is a case report of a 81 years old male with primary reticulcum cell sarcoma in the frontal sinuses. The patient had complained of frontal swelling and been treated by exstirpation and X-raytherapy.
The patient has shown no signs of recurence for 4 months.
Statistical observations were carried on 3 cases of reticulum cell sarccma arisirg from frontal sinuses, 65 cases of sarcorma in the paranasal sinuses, and 32 cases of malignant tcmors of the frontal sinuses.

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