日本耳鼻咽喉科学会会報
Online ISSN : 1883-0854
Print ISSN : 0030-6622
ISSN-L : 0030-6622
69 巻, 11 号
選択された号の論文の11件中1~11を表示しています
  • 石井 哲夫, TETSUO ISHII
    1966 年 69 巻 11 号 p. 1825-1833
    発行日: 1966年
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 石井 哲夫
    1966 年 69 巻 11 号 p. 1833
    発行日: 1966年
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 第1編 分類並びに体験例の生理学的考察
    江畑 魁
    1966 年 69 巻 11 号 p. 1834-1855
    発行日: 1966年
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Spatial disorientation; so-called vertigo is aphysical phenomenon, which pilots often meet with, at the aerial orientation.
    he study of spatial sisorientation in this report was done during flight about one thousand total flight hours as a pilot with myself last six years.
    Aa a pilot, writer myself experienced various types of spatial disorientation, and tried geometrical classification of the experienced spatial disorientation systematicaly.
    All experiences of spatial disorientations were always acompanied by some of following four symptomes sometimes strongly and sometimes weakly in its intensity. The symptoms of the spatial disorientation are disorientation, unusual muscle tension so-called ataxia, uncomfotable feeling and vertigo.
    At the spatial disorientation, false sensation and correct judgement about aerial orientation always exist together, besides some of the other symptoms attend with, and they make sensational confusion on aerial orientation.
    In this report, thirteen typical cases of the experienced spatial disorientations were discussed about its aetiology of occurence and recovery, with consideration of happening flight conditions, weather conditions, psychosomatic conditions and analysis of stimuli, from an aspect of physiology of equilibrium.
    Discussions of the aetiology was done under special consideration that the motion of the aircraft impose what kinds of stimuli upon a person, and was performed on a stand-point that the vestibular labyrinth is a reflex organ not a sensitive organ.
    As a result of this study, it was explained that many kinds of spatial disorientations do not occur simply as a labyrinthine reaction but as complexed combinations with it and a visual reflex, proprioceptive reflex and psychosomatic reflex.
  • 第2編 統計的観察,操縦えの影響並びに訓練による克服性について
    江畑 魁
    1966 年 69 巻 11 号 p. 1856-1868
    発行日: 1966年
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    This report describes statistic investigation on pilots experiences, indicates occurences and influences upon pilot's control, and discusses possibility of preventation and alleviation by training of spatial disorientation, with the knowledge acquired through questionnaire survey, interview investigation, lives as pilot, and discussion with many other pilots about "vertigo".
    The questionaires covered three areas of interest; frequency of occurrence, degree and duration. of three. directional disorientation, namely pitch, bank and yaw directional disorientation according to writers classification.
    The questionaires submitted by 87 pilots revealed 100% of the pilots had experienced one or more episodes of spatial disorientation.
    It must be paid consideration to that there is a difference between pilots category of "vertigo" and definitional category of spatial disorientation.
    The problems how it influences to pilots cont. rol or the reasons why it is dangerous are as fol. lows.
    It is apt to occur when flight condition is di. sadvantageous.
    It is apt to lead aircraft to accident from itsphysical and psychological characteristics and its variety.
    These problems were discussed through pilot's interview investigation about cases of incidents, also old statistic studies were reffered to.
    About the possibility of prevention and alleviation of the spatial disorientation by training, there are tow affirmative and negative thoughts among the pilots and old records.
    However in this report, it was concluded that it is possible to prevent and alleviate spatiah disorientation foundamentaly by training
  • Columella 固定法とその遠隔成績
    古市 暢夫
    1966 年 69 巻 11 号 p. 1869-1888
    発行日: 1966年
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    In performing tympanoplasty there are two cases in which it is rather difficult for us to achieve successful results. One is the case without the stapes, and in such case the recovery of hearing is not sufficient : the other is the case of Type III of Wullstein, and in this case the power of hearing becomes less as the days pass since the operation.
    In the first case the dificiency is caused because the reconstruction of the sound conducting apparatus cannot be achieved correctly. In the latter case it is caused because of the difficulty in maintaining the reconstructed tympanic cavity. In order to overcome the difficulties it is necessary to use a columella. However, how to fix it in the best position is a difficult problem to be solved.
    The author invented a new method of operation to fix a columella by means of a stainless wire and to maintain the reconstructed tympanic cavity. This modified operation of Type III of Wullstein has proved to be better than that which has been practiced hitherto.
    The observations of the results, as compared with those of the method hitherto practiced, point to the fact that the power of hearing is better, twelve months since the operation and later, although it is a little worse a month since the operation. Moreover it has been possible to maintain the power of hearing in a good state for a long time. The hearing loss of twelve cases, two years since the operation, is 29dB on the average. This good result is due to the success in maintaining the reconstructed tymanic cavity.
    It has been proved that the stainless wire and columella (Polyethylene tube), made use because of pathohistological investigations and the results of physiological experiments by means of model ears, have enough adaptability to the human body.
  • 小倉 義郎, 竹本 孝, 三谷 恭夫, 菰口 英夫
    1966 年 69 巻 11 号 p. 1889-1892
    発行日: 1966年
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    The tumors of the external auditory canal are relatively rare. Among these tumors an osteoma is not common.
    Two cases of osteoma of the external auditory canal were reported.
    The patient, 26-year-old female, had a history of left-sided hearing impairment and w hard mass protruding from the posterior part of the left external canal.
    A stony hard mass almost completely occlu ded the left external canal. The sessile tumor covered with normal skin, which was found to be attached to the posterior wall, was removed by means of retroauricular partial mastoidectomy.
    The histologic examination revealed a solitary osteocartilaginous tumor.
    The other patient, 17-year-old female, suffered from tinnitus and earache of the right ear.
    A bony tumor, covered with gray-whitish skin, completely occluded the right external auditory canal. It was removed by means of retroauri-cular incision.
    The histopathologic examination revealed osteoma.
    The histopathologic examination revealed osteoma.The two lesions, osteoma and exostosis, have been defined and reviewed the literatures. Osteoma of the external auditory canal is a solitary unilateral pedunculated lesion, attached to the tympanosquamous suture or to the tympanomastoid suture. By contrast, exostosis of the external canal is broad-based elevation of bone, usually multiple and bilaterally symmetrical, located deeply to the isthmus, at the upper edges of the tympanic bone.
  • 斉藤 栄宏
    1966 年 69 巻 11 号 p. 1893-1912
    発行日: 1966年
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    In a venous olfactory test, a variation of olfactory sensation in those who were tested was shown as the changes of grasping power of the hand, and these changes were transduced into electrical changes and plotted as curves.
    Several types of olfactory sensation curves thus drawn were investigated. Experimental studies proved analysis of these curves to be very helpful in differential diagnosis of olfactory disturbances.
    1) In permanent consistency of olfactory substance, the more olfactory substance was injected, the longer duration time was observed, and the proportion of becoming longer in duration time was than that of growing more in olfactory substance.
    2) In patient with so-called olfactory nerve disturbances (olfactory epithelial type), according to the degree of lesion of the olfactory epithelium, such tendencies as a longer latent time and shorter duration time than normal were observed.
    3) In those with pure respiratory olfactory disturbances (morphological type), a tendency of growing shorter in duration time and no striking changes in latent time were experimentally shown.
    4) In olfactory disturdance of those with chronic paranasal sinusitis, a much longer latent time was observed. From this fact, this olfactory disturbance was presumed to involve a considerable degree of the olfactory epithelial factor as well as the morphological factor.
    5) Patients with olfactory disturbances after head injuries drew u special type of olfactory sensation curve. It was inferred that this type suggested one of the type in central olfactory nerve disturbances.
  • 佐藤 喜一
    1966 年 69 巻 11 号 p. 1913-1918
    発行日: 1966年
    公開日: 2008/07/31
    ジャーナル フリー
    A 39-year-old housewife ha.d lobectomy of the right upper lung lobe because of pulmonary tuberculosis 8 years ago. After that the patient was suffering from chronic productive trachitis. Although its clinical diagnosis was not established, various treatments were done, resulting in remission of the trachitis for about 5 years. However, proliferation of atypical granuloma into tracheal lumen gradually became increased and led to death. Autopsy revealed that main pathologic change consisted of cicatrical constrictive chronic trachitis and granulomatous angitis similar to Wegener's granulomatosis of the bronchi. The tracheal lesion was thought to have been caused by the granulomatous angitis. Basing on the findings, the present case was considered as Wegener's disease with atypical pathologic manifestation in the lower respiratory tract.
  • 相見 賢治
    1966 年 69 巻 11 号 p. 1919-1933
    発行日: 1966年
    公開日: 2008/07/31
    ジャーナル フリー
    Lateral cervical fistulas and cysts are thought to be derived from bronchial cleft remnants, but there are still disputes as to the exact etiology of these anomalies.
    In order to obtain better understanding con- cerning the pathogenesis and varieties of clinical manifestations, correlation between the embryo- logy of the branchial clefts and clinical pictures are required.
    Using nine human embryos, ranging between 8 mm to 50 mm in size, development and disap- pearance of branchial cleft structures were obser- ved. Anatomical features of the fistulas derived from each cleft remnant were discussed.
    Concerning the pathogenesis of this anomalies, numerous theories has been proposed. In spite of exhaustive research work of Wengelowski, his thymic duct theory has its weakness and is largely abandoned at present. Frazer's suggestion con- cerning its etiology is most convincing, in which he maintains that fistulas and cysts are derived from any one of numerous lateral vestigial struc- tures of the neck.
    Reviewing cases appeared in the world litera- ture, the author tried to classify the fistulas and cysts according to the first through the fourth cleft origin. Although the second cleft anomaly is the most common one, the first and the third cleft anomalies must be taken into consideration. Anomalies of the first and the third cleft are re- ported from the author's experience,
    Related anomalies and differential diagnosis were reviewed briefly.
  • 杉山 正夫
    1966 年 69 巻 11 号 p. 1934-1952
    発行日: 1966年
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    It has been generally accepted that Pseudo- monas aeruginosa is one of the organisms most resistant to antibiotics.
    In the present study, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain A3 was pursued in mice revealing its protective antigen localed in its cell wall.
    Preparation of cell walls during the present experiments was performed with mechanical des- truction and washing only and it maintained high purity both chemically and electronmicroscopically.
    The EL50 against a challenge of 109LD50's in a cell wall preparation proved to be 0.0001ug in comparison with 0.25ug which was obtained in the intact cell.
    The cell wall of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found to be group specific in its protective anti- genicity.
    It maintained potency despite treatment with lysozyme, trypsin and Nagarse.
    When treated with lysozyme and EDTA, it was divided into patches of various sizes.
    Electronmicroscopically those patches seemed to contain all cell wall components.
    It was suggested on an immunological basis that an agent which might prevent systemic infec- tion with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in mice would be favarbly applicable to local infections such as otitis media.
  • 久保田 肇
    1966 年 69 巻 11 号 p. 1953-1981
    発行日: 1966年
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Various kinds of audiometric tests have been performed on 16 patients suffering from intracra- nial lesions. The findings of operation or patho- logical anatomy have clarified the locations invo- lving intracranial lesions. The special methods employed by us were a tone decay test, a direc- tional hearing test, a binaural summation test, a filtered speech test and an interrupted speech test. In all cases, the results of the pure tone and usual speech audiometries were within normal limits. However, by means of the tone decay test, abnor- mal findings were presented in 5 cases of them, by the directional hearing test in 5, by the binaural summation test in 5, by the filtered speech test in 9 and by the interrupted speech test in 12.
    Marked threshold tone decay was appeared in the lesions of the neural pathway from the infe- rior colliculus to the auditory cortex. The ab- normalities of the directional hearing and bina- ural summation have a tendency to appear in the lesions of the brain stem. The low discrimina- tion score in the filtered and interrupted speech tests has a tendency to appear wherever the le- sions were located in the central auditory path- way.
    When the lesions were located in the brain stem, the abnormalities of hearing for filtered and interrupted speech were surely recognized in the homolateral ear. When, however, the lesions were located in the regions above the brain stem, they were not always recognized in the homolate- ral ear. Consequently, we considered that the auditory pathways go up homolaterally in the bra- in stem and decussate partially in the inferior collicullus.
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