日本耳鼻咽喉科学会会報
Online ISSN : 1883-0854
Print ISSN : 0030-6622
ISSN-L : 0030-6622
79 巻, 12 号
選択された号の論文の9件中1~9を表示しています
  • 垣田 有紀, 平野 実, 川崎 洋, 松下 英明
    1976 年 79 巻 12 号 p. 1548-1553
    発行日: 1976/12/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Vibratory mode of the vocal cords in seven different pathological conditions was investigatedby frame-by-frame analysis of ultra high speed motion pictures.The pathological laryngealconditions investigated were recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, sulcus vocalis, polyp, polypoidvocal cord, amyloid tumor, epithelial hyperplasia, and carcinoma.On the basis of the dataobtained movements of the vocal cord in a frontal section within one vibratory cycle in eachpathological conditions were schematically presented where the vocal cord was regarded as adouble layered vibrator.Furthermore, some comparisons of vibratory mode among the different conditions were studied with a special attention to the maximum amplitude and the maximum velocity of lateral excursion of the vocal cord, which are related to the mass, elasticity, viscosity, and interferences by the counterpart.
  • 堀内 潔子
    1976 年 79 巻 12 号 p. 1549-1558
    発行日: 1976/12/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    The properties of the auditory evoked response with peak latency of 6 to 50 cosec, whichwas often referred as "middle latency response", were studied in order to examine its clinical significance.
    The subjects used in this study were 8 adults, 5 young children aged from 2 years 2 months to 3 years 9 months and 4 infants aged from 12 months to 17 months.All the subjects were proved to have normal hearing.Active electrode was attached to the vertex while reference and ground electrodes were placed on one of the ear lobes and the root of the nose respectively.The responses were led to a medical computer through an amplifier and an analog filter set to pass bands of 1.8-2800 Hz in most cases, in order to minimize the effect of the filter on the recorded data.Two thousand signals were averaged in a test run and were recorded with an X-Y recorder.Clicks were used for auditory stimulation.
    The response pattern was relatively stable in adults and characterized by a polyphasic con-figulation with mean peak latencies of(Po) 6.4±0.31 msec, (Na) 16.7E 1.87 msec, (Pa) 28.4±3.82 msec, and(Nb) 40.3±2.84 msec with the stimulus intensity of 60 dBHL.Po-peak seemed to correspond to the so-called BSR.The mean peak to peak amplitudes were 1.35±0.14μV (Po-Na), 1.38±0.25, μV(Na-Pa), 1.34±0.12, μV(Pa-Nb), respectively(at 80 dBHL).In infants the response pattern was more variable and the peak latencies were shorter than those of adults except Po-peak.The mean peak to peak amplitudes in infants were smaller than those of adults and the values were different between the three parameters as in the following order;(Po-Na)(Na-Pa)>(Pa-Nb).Threshold for Pa-peak was 10 dBHL in adults, 25 dBHL in young children and 40 dBHL in infants.
    The response pattern was altered with cut-off frequencies of the filter bands.The stability, threshold and identification of the response were improved with narrow bands of 22.4-180 Hz especially in infants.In clinical use of this response, the effective bands should be selected.
    Although the frequency specificity of this response was not examined in the present study, it will be important problem in clinical application.
  • 特に耳管との関係について
    栗原 紘一
    1976 年 79 巻 12 号 p. 1559-1575
    発行日: 1976/12/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    In order to study relationship between tubal function before and after tympanoplasty, tubal function tests were performed in 106 patients with chronic otitis media.
    The morphological changes of the tympanic and nasopharyngeal orifices of the eustachian tube was macroscopically examined in 80 patients out of 106 patients, and relationship between macroscopic finding and tubal function was discussed.A histopathological study was also made in the mucosa of the tympanic orifice.
    The results obtained in these investigations are briefly summarized as follows:
    1) the ventilatory function test of the eustachian tube conducted in 106 patients with chronic otitis media, good ventilatory function was seen in 34 patients(32.1%), moderate in 46(43.4%), and poor in 26(24.5%), while in the drainage function test, good drainage function in 38(35.8%), moderate in 40(37.7%), and poor in 28(26.5%), and altogether, good tubal func-tion !n 52(49.0%), moderate in 18(17.0%), and poor in 36(34.0%).
    2) Postoperative clinical improvement was noted in 24(63.2%) of the patients with good tubal function, and in 6(16.7%) of those with poor tubal function.
    3) The shape of the nasopharyngeal orifice showed triangular, oval and long elliptical types with almost the same incidence.
    No particular relationship was noted between the morphology and function of the eustachian tube.
    The adhesion in the tubal orifice was seen more frequently in the cases with poor tubal function, though the number of these cases was small.
    Mucosal swelling in the tube was frequently observed in the cases of poor tubal function.
    4) The mucosal swelling and granulation were frequently observed in the tymprnic orifice with poor tubal function.Histopathology showed changes due to circulatory disturbance and inflammation in most cases.
    5) The present pathophysiological study on the eustachian tube revealed that the tubal function was poor whenever the swelling change was noted in either tympanic or nasopharyngeal orifice of the patients with chronic otitis media.
  • 重心動揺領野と重心動揺軌跡距離
    田口 喜一郎, 依田 美千穂
    1976 年 79 巻 12 号 p. 1576-1589
    発行日: 1976/12/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Using.straingauge-platform system which records displacements- of the center of gravity (CG), two techniques to evaluate the amount of the CG displacements were developed.One of these techniques is making up the Body's Centrogram which can be constructed from the measurement of four components of the area occupied by the locus of CG.The four com-ponents measured were lateral(X), antero-posterior(Y) and two oblique diameters(OBIand 0B2).Another technique is to calculate the length of the locus followed by CG using anelectronic computer.
    1.Body's Centrogram
    Four components measured were larger during the trials with eyes closed than during those with eyes open.The rate of increase was below 100% in each of the components.The ratio of the Y component to the X component was around 1.00 during the trials with eyes open and it decreased to below 1.00 during those with eyes closed.The ratio of the OB1 component to OB2 component showed a little difference between trials with eyes open and those with eyes closed.There was no sex difference in the X and Y components, however, the oblique com-ponents revealed some difference in the Mann's position with left foot forward and eyes closed resulting in significantly smaller sway in female subjects.
    2.The length of the locus followed by CG
    On the total length of the locus followed by CG the female subjects showed significantly smaller values with head tilted towards the left and eyes open, on the 15-right-tilted platform with eyes open and in data obtained with Mann's positions except for that of the condition with right foot forward and eyes open.
    3.The relationship between Body's Centrogram and length of locus of CG
    The relationship between the size of Body's Centrogram and the length of the locus followed by CG was estimated by the statistical comparison between the ratios of the Y component to X component in the Body's Centrogram and those in the length of the locus of CG.Positive correlation coefficients were obtained in all combination of groups calculated.The results suggested that the difference of the coefficients between the trials with eyes open and those with eyes closed was statistically significant only under the condition of head tilted towards the upward.There was no sex difference in correlation coefficients.
  • 菅田 薄
    1976 年 79 巻 12 号 p. 1590-1600
    発行日: 1976/12/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    The function of the external laryngeal muscles in laryngeal adjustment was experimentally investigated in the mongrel dog.
    Electrical stimulation was given to the nerve trunk innervating the pertinent muscle.oz muscle group.In someselected cases, sets of different muscle or muscle groups were simul-taneously stimulated.Positional changes in the laryngeal structures, especially of the laryngeal cartilages before and after stimulation were measured by means of double contrast roentgeno-graphy.Changes in the position and configuration of the vocal cord were observed by, simpl-taneous intralaryngeal photography.
    On the basis of the experimental data, biomechanical effects of the external laryngeal muscles on laryngeal adjustment were discussed.Through the present study, it was confirmed that the external laryngeal muscles imparted mechanical effects on the larynx basically in the following manner;1)the change in reciprocal positioning of the thyroid and cricoid cartilages, 2)the change in vertical position of the entire larynx, and 3)structural warp of the laryngeal frame-work.
    It was concluded that the change in the position and configuration of the vocal cord was induced by synergestic or antagonistic function of each external laryngeal muscle or muscle group, through the three basic pattern of the mechanisms mentioned above.
  • X線テレビと4チャンネル筋電図の同時記録
    吉田 義一, 平野 実, 進 武幹, 吉田 哲二
    1976 年 79 巻 12 号 p. 1601-1610
    発行日: 1976/12/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    A simultaneous recording system of electromyogram and fluoroscopic image was described. It was devised for the investigations of deglutition.
    The system consists of a four channel, electromyograph, a X-ray T.V.and a video-tape-recorder.The electromyograms on an oscilloscope are recorded by a video camera and fed in a corner of the image of the X-ray T.V.with a use of n video camera wiper and a tape synch, adapter.Both the electromyographic signals and the fluoroscopic images are simultaneously recorded on video tapes.
    The merits of the present system are (1) quick and easy reproduction, (2) multidimensional observations, (3) small dosages of X-ray exposure, and (4) a set-up without any specially ordered equipments and easy operation.
    With the system, it is feasible to investigate relationships between actions of muscles and movements of each part of the food channel in deglutition.The results of the investigations with the system will be reported on separate occasions.
  • 殊に超微構造的解析
    大和田 稔
    1976 年 79 巻 12 号 p. 1611-1628
    発行日: 1976/12/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Various reports have been published on the causative factors of polyp of the vocal cords. In the present study, laryngeal polyps were examined by optical and electron microscopy, with special respect on the allergic reactions which are regarded a one of its possible causative factors.For electron microscopic examination, materials were stained with PAM.or Ruthenium Red, which are usually employed to demonstrate mucopolysaccharides.
    This study was conducted on the 124 patients with laryngeeal polyp who visited our clinic during the five year period from April, 1970 to March, 1975.All of their polyps were removed by laryngo-micro surgeny NLA.
    The results were as follows.
    1) Clinical Examination
    The polyps were most frequently found in the anterior and middle one-third of the vocal cords (about 50 %).It can be said that this is due to the distribution of blood vessels, specifi- city of vascular structure, and the torsional movement of the vocal cords muscules.
    2) Electron Microscopic Observations Electron microscopic examination revealed the degeneration and dilatation of intercellular space of mucosal epithelium and intracellular edema.In the mucosal matrix, dilatation of micro- vasculature, hemangioma-like degeneration, and perivascular infiltrations of histiocytes or other mononuclear cells were noted.Moreover, marked microfiber and fibrostic substances were observed.In many cases, an increase in the acidic mucopolysaccharides and PAM-stain positive colloidal fiber in the matrix were noted, as well as an increase of the capillary permeability. Although various reports have been published, on the causative factors of the polyp of the vocal cords, it can be said that the disease may be caused by various factors rather than by a single factor.
    In this study, detailed electron microscopic observation was made on the shaft like structure which is specific for the peripheral blood vessels in the vocal cords and found that immunolo- gical factors are important in the pathogenesis of this disease.The local abnormalities and the specificity of blood vessels of the vocal cords are also important factors.
  • Hennebert症候,聴力変動所見,Herxheimer反応,難聴効所見の検討
    亀井 民雄, 石井 英男, 大川 卓男, 佐竹 文介, 依田 勝
    1976 年 79 巻 12 号 p. 1629-1641
    発行日: 1976/12/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    A case of late congenital syphilitic labyrinthitis (male, first examined at 35 years of age) which has been observed over a long period (for a total of ten years) is described along with a discussion on the clinical findings.
    1.A positive fistula test with an intact tympanic membrane, or Hennebert's sign, was evident in both ears over a period of about one year.The form of induced mystagmus, which lasted for 1 to 2 seconds with I to 3 beats, was chiefly vertical with strong rotatory elements. From these findings the underlying pathogenetic mechanism of the sign in the present case was inferred to be due to pressure transmission via the oval window.The direction of the nystagmus was reversed on positive and negative pressure.
    2.Marked fluctuations in auditory thresholds were noted in both ears over a period of years. The patient further showed a tendency for the auditory disturbance to slowly progress into gradual high tone loss with repeated fluctuations bilaterally.In the right or better hearing ear, the fluctuations in hearing acuity presented different features at the high, middle and low tone levels:They were most marked for the low frequencies below 500 cps, less for the high fre- quencies above 4000 cps, and least for the middle frequencies of 1000 to 2000 cps.This finding seemed to be due to possible difference in vulnerability or in ability to recover in the respective regions of the cochlea.
    3.Conspicuous exacerbation of hearing impairment occurred bilaterally during and in a few days after antiluetic therapy with penicillin or erythromycin, being not accompanied with fever or any other general symptoms.The manifestation was interpreted as representing Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction that developed in an atypical fashion.It has been suggested that this reaction will rather be manifested in such atypical form in the antiluetic treatment for late congenital syphilis of the inner ear.
    4.Audiometric examinations performed in this case on frequent occasions have demonst- rated that amelioration in hypacusis with consequent stabilization of the hearing acuity may be achieved successfully by prolonged, high-dose corticosteroid therapy for.:this, ;disease.It:has been emphasized that, in antiluetic therapy for this condition, concomitant administration of the drug is advisable to prevent aggravation of labyrinthine disorders which may develop in the form of Herxheimer-effect due to the use of antisyphilitics.
  • 毛利 学
    1976 年 79 巻 12 号 p. 1662-1665
    発行日: 1976/12/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
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