日本耳鼻咽喉科学会会報
Online ISSN : 1883-0854
Print ISSN : 0030-6622
ISSN-L : 0030-6622
78 巻, 9 号
選択された号の論文の7件中1~7を表示しています
  • 小寺 一興
    1975 年 78 巻 9 号 p. 785-794
    発行日: 1975/09/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    The radiological, pathological anatomy of the auditory ossicles was studied on the multidirec-tional tomograms of the temporal bone. The tomograms of the dissected temporal bone were examined before and after removing the incus on the anterior-posterior projection. The cochlear and intermediate planes were the most appropriate tnmograms for evaluating the ossicles. That is, the malleus head, the manubrium and the incus body were clearly discernible on the tomogram of the cochlear plane, whereas the body and the long process of the incus could be distilctly obse-rved on the tomogram of the intermediate plane.
    The unaffected ears of patients with chronic otitis media were investigated as a control study.In normal ears, the malleus head was the only constantly visible figure on the cochlear plane and the incus body on the intermediate plane.
    As the clinical study, the findings in the tomograms of 28 infected ears before surgery were compared with those of the ossicles at surgery. When the malleus head could be clearly visible on the tomogram, the intact malleus head was macroscopically found at the operation, and vice versa.When the incus body was clearly visible, the intact incus body was macroscopically noted at the operation, and vice versa. It was concluded that the malleus head and the incus body could be evaluated by multidirectional tomography in chronic otitis media. It was my impression that mul-tidirectional tomography could offer the valuable information for the treatment of chronic otitis media.
  • 南 吉文
    1975 年 78 巻 9 号 p. 795-806
    発行日: 1975/09/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    The purpose of this paper was to study the relationship between the first and the second resp-onse to the paired tone stimuli, in order to apply the paired tone to evoked response audiometry (E.R.A.).
    Thirteen subjects with normal hearing were studied (10 women and 3 men). The acoustic stimuli were tone bursts of loomsec. duration with rise and decay time of 10msec. at 1KHz, prese-nted every 2sec. (in 13 cases) or 7sec. (10 cases) monaurally by an earphone.
    The paired tone intervals were of four kinds: l00msec., 200msec., 300msec. and 400msec. The intensities of the stimulating tones were from 30dB to 70dB above subjective thresholds. N1-P2 amplitudes of the responses and peak latencies of N1 were measured.
    The following conclusions were obtained:1) In most cases, the wave forms in response to each of the paired tone stimuli with 100msec.intervals were not observed separately, because the first and the second response were piled up partly. The two wave forms could be observed complely in response to the paired tone stimuli with intervals over 200msec.
    2) The N1 peak latencies of the response to the first tones were decreased and the N1-P2 ampli-tude were increased with increasing stimlus intensity of the first tones.
    3) The n1 peak latencies of the resonses to the second tone were about 10-20msec. shorter than the one to the first tone and n1-p2 amplitude of the second response was small compared with the Nl P2 amplitude of the first response.
    4) The Nl P2 amplitude of the response to the first tone was decreased as the intensity of the second stimulating tones increased.
    5) The n1-p2 amplitude of the second response was larger, only when the first stimulating tones were lower than the second.
    6) We are interested in the fact that the N1-P2 amplitude of the response to the first tone was decreased as the intensity of the second stimulating tones increased, however the reason why this phenomen ocurred was still unknown. The paired tones may produce a mechanism of a kind of the condi tional response, which ; differs from the response to the single acoustic stimuli. We concluded that the paired tone stimuli could not be applied into clinical test at present.
  • 堀内 潔子
    1975 年 78 巻 9 号 p. 807-819
    発行日: 1975/09/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    The properties of an auditory evoked response with peak latency of 5 to 8 msec was studiedin order to examine its clinical usefulness. The response is thought to represent neural activity of the brain stem auditory nuclei and has been called "brain stem response" in recent literatures.
    The subjects used in this study were 17 adults, 4 young children aged 2 to 5 years and 8 infants aged 7 to 17 months. All of them were proved to have normal hearing. Active electrode was attached to the vertex while reference and ground electrodes were placed on one of the ear lobes and root of the nose respectively. The responses were led to a medical computer through an amplifier and a filter. As a rule, 2000 signals were averaged in a test run and were recorded with a X-Y recorder. Clicks and short tone bursts were used for auditory stimulation.
    The response consisted several positive deflections at the scalp electrode, of which the 5th was the largest in the majority of cases. The mean peak latency and the amplitude of the largest component of the response was 5.69 msec and 0.91ttV in adults with the stimulus intensity of 80dB HL. The latency was longer and the amplitude was smaller in infants than those in adults. However, the latency and the amplitude reached adult values in the young children aged above 2 years. The responses were traciable down to the intensity levels of 5 to 10 dB above subjective thresholds in the adult group. The minimal number of times of averaging required for detecting the response in normal adults ranged 35, 50 and 130 at 80, 60 and 20 dB HL respectively.
    The results obtained in this study strongly suggest that the brain stem response will be an useful index for assessing hearing thresholds and detecting brain stem lesions.
  • 小泉 智
    1975 年 78 巻 9 号 p. 820-825
    発行日: 1975/09/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    An early auditory evoked response with latency of 5 to 8 msec (brain stem response, BSR) was recorded from the human scalp, and the consistency and the reliability of this response were studied to evaluate its applicability as the objective method for assessing hearing of infants and children.
    Method Subjects were five young children aged from 2 to 6 years with normal hearing. The responses were recorded during sleep induced by oral sedative. Active and reference electrodes were atta-ched to the vertex and a earlobe. Ground electrode was placed on the skin between the eye-brows. The responses were amplified and averaged by a medical computer, whose analysis time was set at 25 msec. As a rule, 2000 signals were averaged in a test run and the averaged respo-nses were recorded with a X-Y recorder.
    Click stimuli were given through a loudspeaker at intervals of 50 msec. The test was perfo-rmed at the intensity levels of 10, 20, 30 and 40 dB above mean subjective thresholds of normal adults (HL). A series of 10 averaged traces were obtained for each stimulus intensity and 10 ad-ditional traces were recorded without stimulation. Thus 50 samples were obtained from each subject.Then the presence or absence of the response in a total of 250 samples was examined by 3 tra-ined scorers using forced choice method.
    Results 1. Average percentages of positive responses were 45.3, 92.0, 99.3 and 100% at the inten-sity levels of 10, 20, 30 and 40 dB HL respectively.
    2. False positive was found in 7.3 % of the traces without stimulation.
    3. Agreement of judgement between 3 scorers was obtained in 68 % (10 dB), 88 % (20 dB), 98 % (30 dB), 100% (4o dB) and 90 % (no stimulus) of the samples tested.
    4. As compared with the auditory slow vertex response, the brain stem response appeared more constantly, and reliably.
  • 大橋 徹, 大築 淳一
    1975 年 78 巻 9 号 p. 826-838
    発行日: 1975/09/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    The present study was mainly concerned with significane of the clinical use of post-auricular myogenic evoked response as the objective audiometry. The response to acoustic stimuli of clicks and pure tone bursts was recorded from the skin surface behind the pinna by means of the ave-rage response computer. In addition, the cochlear nerve action potential (AP) was recorded from the promontrium using a transtympanic electrode, with the post-auricular response simultan-eously. Twentytwo subjects with normal hearing and four patients with various types of hearing loss were tested. The following results were obtained.
    1) The post-auricular response showed a biphasic waveform, that is an initial negative peak followed by a positive one. The amplitude of the response was varied to the high extent across subjects, but the latency of it was relatively stable.
    2) The thresholds of the response to clicks in normal hearing subjects were as low as the values of the subjective thresholds. The response to pure tone bursts showed higher thresholds than that to cliks.
    3) The response failed to be recorded in 5 subjects with normal hearing.
    4) The response could be recorded not only from subjects in awake but also from subjects in sedation.
    5) The threshold of the post-auricular response highly correlated with that of the AP in patients with various type of hearing loss.
    6) It can be said that the post-auricular response might serve as a very useful index for object ive audiometry.
  • Plethysmographyの自浴E神経反応としての意義
    上条 明
    1975 年 78 巻 9 号 p. 839-849
    発行日: 1975/09/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    This study was performed in order to examine whether a condition of subjective-objective autonomic nervous functions could been conjectured or not, from the rate of diminution of amplit-ude of plethysmogram while caloric irrigation.
    The subjects were 30 patients selected from from patients complaining of vertigo or equilibr-lum disturbance. These patients wer devided into 3 groups, that is, first group was patients of Meniere's disease or Meniere syndrom, second group was patients of Orthostatic-dysreguation or vegetative dysregulation and third group was patients with loss of vestibular reaction involving acusticus neurinoma.
    A reflection photoelectric plethysmograph was attached on tip of second finger and vestibular stimulation the irrigation of water of 30°C and 40° into the external auditory canal for 40 seconds.
    The changes of amplitude of plethysmogram, the duration time of nystagmus and subjective-objective autonomic nervous symptomns were measured. Central and peripheral autonomic ervous function test were examined before or after the stimulation.
    This data was dealt with analysis of multiple egression and the correlation and the weight of factors were computed, Results
    1. Caloric stimulation resulted in the increase in 53%, the decrease in 19% and no change in 28% of pulse rate.
    2. A correlation was recognized between the rate of diminution of amplitude on maximum reaction point and the appearance of caloric nystagmus.
    3. Points of autonomic nervous symptoms registered the lowest point in the third group, next in the first group and the highest point in the second group.
    4. From the correlation coefficient, it is concluded that, there was correlation between the rate of diminution of amplitude and the duration time of nystagmus, autonomic nervous symptoms, Mecholyl test.
    5. Analysis of multiple regression resulted in the following regression equation.Y=43.173 +0.079503×1-0.82767×2+2.01735×3+4.2567×4- 2.0375X5- 1.3427X6.
    From that standard regreesion coefficient, it is considered that the rate of diminution of wave in caloric irrigation was mainly influenced by vestibular reaction and autonomic nervous system, especially central autonomic nerve.
    6. Multiple correlation coefficient of all subjects was 0.6975. The coefficient of second group was the highest value of 0.8301, the coefficient DP group was higher than the one cf CP group in first group.
  • 神崎 仁
    1975 年 78 巻 9 号 p. 875-878
    発行日: 1975/09/20
    公開日: 2008/03/19
    ジャーナル フリー
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