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84 巻, 11 号
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広田 佳治, 飯沼 寿孝, 春山 喜一, 深間 内厚子1981 年 84 巻 11 号 p. 1391-1398
発行日: 1981/11/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーOne hundred and fourty cases of postoperative cysts of maxilla underwent revision-surgeries of Caldwell-Luc operation during the five years from 1975 to 1979.
Statistical analyses were done for incidences of male and female, and the affected sides, the age at onset, and years after the initial sinus surgeries.
Similar analyses of these items seen in the major reports in the past were compared with the results of the present report.
Only the ratio of male to female by incidence showed a changing pattern and the ratio tends to decrease. A brief review concerning the etiology of the cysts was done and it is suggested that the decreasing tendency of male to female ratio by the postoperative cysts of the maxilla is due to the already decreased ratio of male to female at the initial sinus surgeries.
Other items such as ratio of right to left, age at onset, and years after the initial sinus surgeries did not show significant changes.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2830K) -
河嶋 寛1981 年 84 巻 11 号 p. 1399-1407
発行日: 1981/11/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーProgression of sensorineural hearing loss of unknown etiology was studied on 213 adult cases. They were followed up for a period of more than 6 months in our department and their latest audiograms were compared with their initial ones.
The results were summarized as follows:
(1) In a 10-years' observation, the average hearing loss was slowly increased in all cases, at the rate of 1 to 1.5dB a year. This was considered to be equivalent to the physiological age effect.
(2) In 20% of the cases, hearing deteriorated more rapidly in comparing with the hearing loss due to the aging. This was considered as idiopathic bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. These cases tended to appear more frequently in the age group or the severe hearing loss group.
(3) In conclusion, it was suggested that the sensorineural hearing loss of unknown etiology appeared in adults was closely related to the physiological age effect or the presbycusis in in its etiology.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1126K) -
岡本 牧人1981 年 84 巻 11 号 p. 1408-1423
発行日: 1981/11/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーIn 121 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck region who were treated with either surgery or radiotherapy, the values of immunological parameters were estimated during an interval of this series of clinical investigation.
As the parameters of the cellular immunity, peripheral blood lymphocyte counts, T cell counts and PHA blastformation rate were selected.
As the parameters of the humoral factors, serum immunoglobulins, complement components (C3, C4), CH50, CEA and alpha-1-antitrypsin were selected.
The cellular immunity evaluated by the parameters decreased by radiotherapy and by surgery. In comparison to prompt recovery of the decreased immunity by surgery, its decrease by radiotherapy lasted much longer. Cellular immunity evaluated 3 months before death showed marked decrease.
The values of the parameters of the humoral factors showed high before the treatment but returned to the normal range after the treatment. The values, however, increased again to the pretreatment level in patients whose prognosis were poor.
Since the values of the parameters influenced by the clinical stage of the patients or by the treatment, time factors must be taken into consideration when the parameters of cellular and humoral immunity are interpreted.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3265K) -
大槻 好正1981 年 84 巻 11 号 p. 1424-1438
発行日: 1981/11/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe difference in the ototoxic vulnerability between rabbits and guinear pigs was examined with three aminoglycoside antibiotics, kanamycin (KM), dibekacin (DKB) and gentamicin (GM). Hair cell damage was determined under a phase contrast microscope with the surface preparation technique. The perilymph concentration of the drugs, DKB and KM, was measured by the bioassay method.
Hair cell damage of rabbits, which were given KM 100mg/kg, DKB 100mg/kg and GM 50 mg/kg for 30 days, was almost the same as or severer than that of guinear pigs which were given a double dosage. The hair cell vulnerability of rabbits was twice that of guinea pigs, but there were no differences between the two species in the perilymph concentration of the drugs and in the renal damage. Therefore it is suggested that the cause of the different ototoxic vulnerability between the two species is due to the difference in the hair cell susceptibility to aminoglycoside antibiotics and that the hair cells of rabbits are more susceptible than those of guinea pigs.
There was also the species difference in the pattern of the outer and inner hair cell damage. Outer hair cell damage of the rabbits began from the basal turn to the upper turns, as a rule. In some guinea pigs, however, it often began from not only the basal turn but also the upper turns. The transition from the region having a normal arrangement of hair cells to that showing complete hair cell loss was abrupt in rabbits. But that was gradual in guinea pigs. Inner hair cell damage of the rabbits usually began from the basal turn to the upper turns just as did the outer hair cell damage, but in some guinea pigs they began from the apical turn toward the lower turns.
The pattern of hair cell damage of rabbits was more similar to those of human or monkeys in the literature and the ototoxic vulnerability of rabbits was also more similar to that of monkeys. Therefore it is thought that rabbits are more useful experimental animals to expect the safety to aminoglycoside antibiotics in human.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4624K) -
相川 通, 大谷 巌, 大槻 好正, 佐藤 洋子, 安斎 友博, 尾股 丈夫, 大内 仁1981 年 84 巻 11 号 p. 1439-1443
発行日: 1981/11/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe cochlear, especially the imprints in the under surface of the tectorial membrane, was studied with the scanning electron microscope in normal rabbits and guinea pigs. The imprints corresponding to the outer hair cells were seen in normal animals, but those of the inner hair cells were not found in any animals examined.
The morphological changes on the reticular lamina and imprints by kanamycin treatment were observed in rabbits. When the outer hair cells were damaged by kanamycin, the degenerated hairs were seen on the imprints as well as the reticular lamina. It was thought that there were the firm junctions between the outer sensory hair tips and the under surface of tectorial membrane. The degenerated hairs on the imprints took longer period to disappear than those of the reticular lamina.
The imprints have been observed for five months after the disappearance of the outer sensory hairs. However, their forms did not have changed at all morphologically.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2223K) -
進行性鼻壊疽の1つの病像渡部 泰夫, 武藤 幹二, 田中 昌子, 白石 孝之, 虎頭 廉, 吉原 渡1981 年 84 巻 11 号 p. 1444-1450
発行日: 1981/11/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーAutopsy findings of the two patients with malignant histiocytosis of the nasal cavity were reported. Clinical findings of them were that of non-healing malignant granuloma of the nasal cavity. The infiltration of atypical histiocytes to various organs was proved in both cases. We believe malignant histiocytosis to be included in the classification of the non-healing granuloma of the nasal cavity.
Case 1. A 58-year-old male developed nasal obstruction and puffiness around the left eye. The biopsy specimen from the nasal cavity showed numerous polymorphic cellular infiltration of atypical histiocytes. He was treated with 5030 rads using cobalt-60 and chemotherapy, but the treatment was not effective. He died of bleeding from stomach ulcer 8 months after the onset of the disease. The infiltration of atypical histiocytes was found in the kidney, adrenal glands, skin and liver at autopsy.
Case 2. A 41-year-old male had had the feeling of fullness in the ears and headache. Several months later, he developed fever and nasal obstruction. The biopsy specimen from the nasal lesion showed proliferation of histiocytes around and in the wall of arterioles. This finding was simillar to that of angitis. Steroid therapy was not effective and he died of respiratory insufficiency 1 year after the onset of the disease. The infiltration of atypical histiocytes was observed in the lung, liver and spleen at the autopsy.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2619K) -
白幡 雄一, アブラムソン マクスエル1981 年 84 巻 11 号 p. 1451-1459
発行日: 1981/11/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーWe carried out a series of experiments on rats to study factors involved in the pathogenesis of cholesteatoma, and in the determination and measurement of bone resorption. Skin and in-flammatory agents such as carrageenan and epithelial debris were applied to the middle ear in various combination to induce growing epidermal sacs or cyst and bone resorption, and followed for one to four months.
In the first of three groups in which canal skin explants were placed on the denude cochlea, the cyst rate was thirty-six percent in 25 animals without carrageenan on flap and forty-six percent in 22 animals with carrageenan on flap, being the highest incidence in these experiments. The second group having epithelial debris placed on the medial side of the tympanic membrane revealed no cyst in 12 animals without skin flap and thirty-two percent cyst rate in 22 animals with skin flap in the middle ear cavity. In the third group having skin flap in the rat with spontaneously occurred otitis media the cyst rate was forty-four percent in nine animals. The development of epidermal cyst was found to be in the highest incidence at four months after implants. These experiments showed that the epidermal cyst showing growth can be produced experimentally and either a source of epithelium or persistent and repeated inflammatory stimulus is necessary for progression of cyst growth.
The determination and measurement of bone resorption were considered second. Among 86 animals, the bone resorption as demonstrated by cochlear fistula, occurred in 11 animals, in which 6 animals were found to have cholesteatoma (cyst rate 54%). Bone resorption withoutcochlea fistula seen in 35 animals was accompanied by development of epidermal cyst in 17 animals (cyst rate 48%), whereas 30 animals without bone resorption brought out 7 cysts (cyst rate 23%). Cochlear defect occurred in 6 of 30 animals with epidermal sacs and in 5 of 55 animals without epidermal sac. These fistula had a thin layer of nflammatory connective tissue over the bony defect. The significance and validity of PG E2 on the connective tissue, which was accomplished by radioimmunoassay, were determined to severity of bone resorption. These experiments showed that the presence of epidermal sac increased the likelihood of bone resorption through the effect of PG E2.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2324K) -
1978,1979年実態調査より宮原 裕, 佐藤 武男1981 年 84 巻 11 号 p. 1460-1467
発行日: 1981/11/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe incidence and mortality of the hypopharyngeal cancer in Japan were studied based on "Cancer mortality statistics in Japan between 1973 and 1978" and "Population-based cancer registry between 1967 and 1976" The nation wide survey on the hypopharyngeal cancer was performed between 1978 and 1979, and the data from Department of Otorhinolaryngology of 131 Hospitals were also analyzed.
The results were as follows:
1) The age adjusted mortality rate per 100, 000 population in the period from 1973 to 1977 was 0.19 for male and 0.07 for female for the hypopharyngeal cancer.
2) Between 1978 and 1979, 632 new patients (444 males, 188 females) were reported throughout Japan. The adjusted incidence rate was 0.37 for male and 0.13 for female. The highest incidence was observed at the age range of 65 to 69 years.
3) The standardized morbidity rate in the period from 1978 and 1979 demonstrated that the morbidity rate of male showed remarkable difference from that of female in some pre-fectures.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2424K)
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