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93 巻, 4 号
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第12報 耳鳴症例の検査結果と評価藤谷 哲1990 年 93 巻 4 号 p. 543-553
発行日: 1990/04/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーFor 80 cases of noise-induced deafness, various tests on tinnitus were performed to obtain results as follows.
1) When tinnitus was analyzed by the tinnitus questionnaire, many had bilateral tinnitus all the time, while few noted changes in the tone and loudness of sound.
2) As for the tinnitus frequency obtained by the pitch match test, cases with 4 kHz or more were many, accounting for 81 percent. The average tinnitus frequency was 5500Hz. The rate of agreement with the frequency for the maximum hearing loss was 55 percent. In cases where the tinnitus frequency was not in agreement with the frequency for the maximum hearing loss, the tinnitus frequency was noted in the lower range of tone than the frequency for the maximum hearing loss.
3) The loudness of tinnitus is measured by the loudness balance test was not more than 5dB in 86 percent of the cases.
4) As for evaluation on the subjective expression, expressions such as " zee ", " keen ", meen "were many. On the pitch-match test, most of tinnitus was of the pure tone but there might be some composed of noise judging from onomatopoeic words. As for evaluation, the subjective expression was considered close to the tinnitus frequency when emphasis is placed on 2 points of evaluation.
5) As for results of the masking test, convergence type and distance type according to the Feldmann's classification were found in many cases.
6) When the tinnitogram was classified into 5 types, the high-pitched tone obliquely dip type and the dip type accounted for 80 percent. The masking inability was noted in 9 percent. The agreement between the lowest frequency for masking in the masked cases and the tinnitus frequency in the pitch-match test was found in 82%, if similar cases are included. This shows that the tinnitus frequency can be found from the masking test as well.
7) A look at the masking level at each frequency indicated that the band noise at 125Hz might be a sound that can be masked regardless of the tinnitus frequency.
8) The rate of RI appearance was low at 36 percent, indicating that the white noise 80dB failed to mask tinnitus.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (837K) -
内薗 明裕, 福田 勝則, 伊東 一則, 牛飼 雅人, 大山 勝1990 年 93 巻 4 号 p. 554-565
発行日: 1990/04/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーTwenty-eight cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in nasosinus region were studied for tumorsurface marker phenotype, anti-HTLV-I antibody titer and histopathologic correlation with clinical features. The incidence of these cases was 25% of all lymphomas in head and neck region from 1978 to 1987. In 16 cases, 12 (75%) had T-cell markers and 4 (25%) had B-cell markers. Of 11 cases, 6 (54.5%) were anti-HTLV-I antibody carriers. Five year survival ratio of all patients was 4.5%. The survival curve for T-cell lymphoma patients was characterized by a rapid initial decline. The survivals of the group of anti-HTLV-I antibody carriers was estimated inferior to those of non-carriers. Correlation of HTLV-I to prognosis of these patients was discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (737K) -
騒音下の語音明瞭度について佐伯 忠彦, 暁 清文, 柳原 尚明1990 年 93 巻 4 号 p. 566-571
発行日: 1990/04/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーSpeech discrimination scores under noise circumstances were studied by use of the middle ear implant (MEI) and the conventional hearing aid (HA, HA-33, RION, Co, Ltd). The studies were performed in 10 patients implanted with the MEI and in 12 adult volunteers with normal hearing as a control. The tests were carried out using Japanese monosyllabic lists from 57S-speech discrimination test list as a test sound and multi-talker noise as a noise source. A speaker was placed in front of a subject in one meter apart. Sound characteristics of HA were adjusted as far as possible to those of the MEI by use of a sound equalizer. The intensity of speech sound pressure was adjusted at 65dB SPL, while that of the noise was changed to 65, 70 and 75dB SPL in the position of patients. Audiological evaluation of the MEI, the HA and control obtained by percentages of correct answers to 50 words in speech discrimination test with and without noise (65, 70, 75dB SPL).
When the test was performed without noise, speech discrimination scores by the MEI and the HA were either 96.8±3.6% and 94.8±4.1%. However, under noise circumstances (65dB SPL) that by both devices were either 81.6±9.1% and 66.8±10.6%(P<0.001). When the intensity of the noise increased to 70 and 75dB SPL, speech discrimination scores by both devices deprecated together with consistent difference (P<0.01). Moreover speech discrimination scores by the MEI were almost same as control. These results indicated that under noise circumstances speech recognitions by the MEI were much better than those by the HA.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (472K) -
森 正博, 棚橋 汀路1990 年 93 巻 4 号 p. 572-582
発行日: 1990/04/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe response of the cochlear nucleus neurons in the anesthetized cat to complex tones has been studied for understanding the processing of tonal informations in that nucleus. Forty-eight cats were used in this study and data was obtained from 148 neurons with microelectrode technique. Two kinds of stimulus tones were applied and each of them consisted of pure tones (f1, f2, f3) and three complex tones (f1+f2, f1+f3, f2+f3). The first group was composed of three pure tones of 670, 1250, 2400Hz and the second group was composed of those of 350, 500, 1100Hz, respectively.
In 50 out of 148 cochlear nucleus neurons, we obtained some responses to complex tones. Response patterns to complex tones in 34 out of 50 cochlear nucleus neurons were similar to response patterns which had been obtained from auditory nerve. In 16 out of 50 neurons, however, the PST histogram pattern which had been obtained by complex tone stimuli did not show the same pattern as that of pure tone stimili. For example, in same neuron, sustained type and pauser type responses had obtained by pure tones stimulus, but chopper type response had obtain by complex tone stimuli. And some neural activities were facilitaed by the complex tones. From these results it can be speculated that thce certain functions of the processing of the complex tones will be exist in the cochlear nucleus.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (279K) -
西平 茂樹1990 年 93 巻 4 号 p. 583-589
発行日: 1990/04/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーIn the present study reflex manners in capacitance and resistance vessels of the nasal mucosa have been observed respectively and simultaneously by stimulating the a) Cervicl sympathetic nerve trunk, b) Vagal nerve, c) Vidian nerve, d) sympathectomized Vidian nerve electrically. Capacitance change in the nasal mucosa was measured by plethysmographic baloons inserted into the nasal cavity. Resistance change was measured as the pressure change in the terminal branch of the maxillary artery by using the constant flow perfusion method.
a) Stimulation of the cervical sympathetic nerve trunk evoked a decrease change in the volume of the nasal mucosa and an increase change in the resistance of the maxillary artery.
b) Stimulation of the Vagal nerve evoked an increase change in the volume of the nasal mucosa and a decrease change in the resistance of the maxillary artery.
c) Stimulation of the Vidian nerve there were observed an increase change in the volume of the nasal mucosa and a decrease change in the resistance of the maxillary artery at the low stimulation intensity, from 0.2 to 0.8 volts. Further increasing the stimulation intensity, from 1.0 to 6.0 volts a decrease change in the volume of the nasal mucosa was observed. In spite of the reverse change in the capacitance vessel, pressure in the maxillary artery still maintained low pressure level.
d) Stimulation of the sympathectomized Vidian nerve evoked an increase change in the volume of the nasal mucosa and a decrease change in the maxillary artery. Manner of these reflex was very similar to that of the Vagal nerve stimulation.
Electrical stimulation of the afferent fibers in the Vagal nerve evoked reflex effects on both capacitance and resistance vessels of the nasal mucosa.
Although the cervical sympathetic nerve trunk stimulation evoked vasoconstrictor responses in both nasal capacitance and resistance vessels, stimulation of the postganglionic sympathetic nerve fibers which relay into the Vidian ganglion showed different manners of response in the resistance vessels. It would appear to us that the result presumably depend on the complicated vascular structure of the nose, including arteriovenous anastomoses and sinusoid on which autonomic innervation may have different actions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (581K) -
細井 裕司, 飯田 覚, 村田 清高, 太田 文彦, 今泉 敏1990 年 93 巻 4 号 p. 590-595
発行日: 1990/04/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーA new method for assessing the selected hearing aids was developed and applied 53 patients with hearing impairment. Our previous paper showed that the average confusion distance which was introduced in this method was useful for estimating the hearing aids.
We carried out a follow-up survey in order to measure the usefulness of this method after 3 or 4 years practical hearing aid use. There were 34 patients out of 53 from whom we could obtain adequate information about their hearing aids. They were asked to rate their satisfaction with the recommended instrument in five degrees. Fifteen of the 34 patients who had purchased the recommended hearing aid rated it very satisfactory; four rated the aid satisfactory; eight rated the aid helpful; six rated the aid sometimes helpful; and one rated the aid unsatisfactory.
The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient between the change in the speech discrimination score with and without a hearing aid and the user's evaluation was 0.34. The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient between the change in the average confussion distance and user's evaluation was 0.41. The value 0.34 is not significant, but the value 0.41 is significant at the 1% level of significance. Therefore, we think that the average confusion distance should be taken into consideration as well as the speech discrimination score at least for predicting successful hearing aid use.
Finally we feel that there is need for the inclusive system which is able to estimate both the speech mediated communication ability and user's satisfaction.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (444K) -
斉田 晴仁, 岡本 途也, 今泉 敏, 廣瀬 肇1990 年 93 巻 4 号 p. 596-605
発行日: 1990/04/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーPast studies on the relationship between mutational voice change and body growth were generally made on grouped subjects and no exact longitudinal observation was performed. In the present report, a longitudinal study was made on 100 young male students in their puberty, in which voice recordings and measurements of physical parameters including body height and weight were performed twice for each subject with yearly interval. Information on subjective evaluation of voice abnormality was also obtained from each subject. The recorded voice samples were subjected to subsequent analysis for obtaining fundamental frequency (F0) and formant values. The following results were obtained.
1. A negative correlation in the rate of change was observed between F0 and physical parameters such as body height and weight, and sitting height.
2. It was suggested that the mutational period consisted of the rapid and slow phases. The rate of growth in body height and sitting height was more significant in the rapid phase. 3. Subjective voice abnormality and physical growths such as the development of the laryngeal prominence were often noted even before the rapid phase. After the rapid phase was over, all the cases showed secondary sexual characteristics including the laryngeal prominence.
4. Before and during the rapid phase, there was a tendency for the values of F1 and F2 to increase, while that of F3 to decrease. After the rapid phases was over, there was a trend that F1 and F2 increased, while F3 remained unchanged.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (663K) -
丹生 健一, 奥野 妙子, 野村 恭也, 松木 一雅, 十字 猛夫1990 年 93 巻 4 号 p. 606-610
発行日: 1990/04/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe HLA antigens frequencies were studied in 30 Japanese patients with otosclerosis, and were compared with those of 220 randomly-selected apparently healthy unrelated Japanese. Serological HLA typing was performed by the modified two-stage complement-dependent microcytotoxicity method at the Blood Transfusion Service, Tokyo University Hospital. The results were as follows: There was no significant deviation of HLA class I antigen frequencies in the patients tested as compared with those in controls. As for HLA class II antigens, the DRw11 antigens frequency showed slight increase; however, after the correction of the P value, this was not significant.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (283K) -
湯本 英二, 相原 隆一, 丘村 煕1990 年 93 巻 4 号 p. 611-614
発行日: 1990/04/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe authors utilized CO2 laser to treat laryngeal cancer in 28 patients. The operative methods were the following:
Method I. Glottic T1 tumor was completely vaporized by laser irradiation alone. This method was employed in cases without involvement of the anterior commissure and cartilagenous portion.
Method II. Radiotherapy was carried out after removal of major lesion by laser surgery. The purpose of this method was to improve the success rate of radiotherapy.
Method III. After radiotherapy laser surgery was done to remove residual tumor as far as possible in patients who could not undergo radical surgery due to poor general condition.
Method I, or complete tumor resection by laser surgery alone, seemed profitable because of short admission period. It is, however, indispensable to select patients suitable for this treatment. Method II permitted improving the success rate of radiotherapy. Even after vaporizing major lesion by laser irradiation, 60Gy irradiation was required. Method III, or laser surgery on postradiation residual tumor was often useful to treat the patients with poor general condition or who refused more radical surgery.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (320K) -
白崎 英明, 朝倉 光司1990 年 93 巻 4 号 p. 615-621
発行日: 1990/04/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーBoth the increased nasal vascular permeability and eosinophil accumulation were commonly observed in nasal mucosa with allergic rhinitis. Topical administration of platelet-activating factor (PAF) produced dose-dependent increases in nasal vascular permeability concomitant with the increase in both the histamine and leukotriene C4 (LOC4) concentrations of nasal lavage fluid, in non-sensitized guinea pigs. The selective PAF antagonist CV-3988 inhibited these responses. The PAF-induced nasal vascular permeability was also inhibited by a H1 antagonist (diphenhydramine) and a peptido-LTs antagonist (FPL-55712). However, in ovalbumine (OA)-sensitized guinea pigs, CV-3988 did not affect antigen-induced increase in nasal vascular permeability. Four hours after topical administration of antigen or PAF to OA-sensitized guinea pigs, a marked eosinophil infiltration in the nasal mucosa was noted. This antigen-induced eosinophil infiltration was inhibited by CV-3988. These results suggests that PAF plays a major role in the antigeninduced eosinophil accumulation rather than in the antigen-induced vascular permeability.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (483K) -
相馬 恵, 友松 英男, 杉内 智子, 片山 雄二, 岡本 途也1990 年 93 巻 4 号 p. 622-629
発行日: 1990/04/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーComparative study was made between the conventional speaking tube and the modern electric hearing aid. The results revealed that the conventional speaking tube was inferior to the electric hearing aid in terms of specificity to various frequencies, advantages and understanding of singular syrables, but almost equal to the latter in terms of understandings of three syrables. Actual comparison by listening with both revealed a face that the speaking tube was more acceptable than the hearing aid in terms of naturalness of voice heard with it. It was assumed that the advantages of the speaking tube like this may be attributable to the less sense closure of eyes as it had an open end and consequently to the better hearing through the speaking tube, which may have made better understable conversation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (657K) -
田島 正記1990 年 93 巻 4 号 p. 630-639
発行日: 1990/04/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーVarious studies on the effect of silicon on the development of chronic inflammatory diseases of the mucous membrane such as chronic sinusitis have been carried on for the past twenty years. Staphylococcus aureus is usually detected frequently in chronic sinusitis.
In this study, proliferation of Staphylococcus aureus in various culture fluids with Si concentrations ranging from 10 to 410ppm was observed through 16 hours by means of the measurement of optical density, protein concentration and viability count.
As the result of this observation, higher concentration of Si in the culture fluid showed a remarkable growth accelerating effect on Staphylococcus aureus compared with normal culture fluid containing about 10ppm of Si.
High Si concentration in mucous membrane tissue was considered to help the growth of bacteria in the sinus.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (773K) -
嶋本 昭1990 年 93 巻 4 号 p. 640-650
発行日: 1990/04/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe narrow-band action potentials (NAP) and the ordinary electrocochleograms were recorded from the guinea-pig cochlea under normal and pathological conditions in order to study whether the NAP could be a useful measure to detect cochlear dysfunctions. The cochlea damaged either by the administration of kanamycin or by a mechanical lesion of the round window served as pathological materials.
Recordings showed that the threshold and amplitude measured for the N1 potential of NAPs ran in parallel with those of the cochlear microphonic potentials (CM), under both normal and pathological conditions of the cochlea. This implies that the CM could be replaced by the NAP when difficulties were present in recording CMs. It may be inferred that the NAP reflects responses of the inner hair-cells and cochlear nerves, while the CM would mainly be derived from responses of the outer hair-cells to the frequency-specific movements of the basilar membrane. If so, the NAP should offer a good means for the objective audiometry. Recording NAPs is also superior to the ordinary electrocochleography in that the method makes it possible to obtain responses generated near the apex of the cochlea, i.e., responses to low-pitch sound stimuli.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1399K)
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