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97 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の14件中1～14を表示しています
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I. 登上線維投射赤荻 勝一1994 年 97 巻 1 号 p. 1-11
発行日: 1994/01/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーOlivocerebellar projections to the nodulus of the cat were studied by the horseradish peroxidase (HRP) method.
The findings derived from the present study indicate that the nodulus can be divided into 5 longitudinal zones on the basis of differences in the afferent projection sites from the contralateral inferior olive. These zones are the medial-most zone projected from the caudal half of the nucleus beta, the lateral zone of the medial part from the rostral half of the nucleus beta, the medial zone of the intermediate part from the caudal part of the dorsal cap, the lateral zone of the intermediate part from the rostral part of the dorsal cap and the ventrolateral outgrowth, the lateral-most zone from the dorsomedial cell column. There is no difference between the ventral and dorsal nodulus.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2035K) -
II. 苔状線維投射赤荻 勝一1994 年 97 巻 1 号 p. 12-19
発行日: 1994/01/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーMossy fiber projections to the nodulus of the cerebellum were studied by retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in the cat. Following large and small injections into the nodulus, the distribution of labeled cells in the brainstem nuclei was investigated.
Our observations provided evidence that the nodular afferents take their major origin from the medial, inferior and superior vestibular nuclei. On the other hand, minor sources projecting to the nodulus were from the x-and z-group. Of the perihypoglossal nuclei, it is only the prepositus hypoglossal nucleus which appears to be interconnected with the nodulus. There were no projections of the pontine nuclei and the nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis to the nodulus.
Injections of the nodular cortex revealed a distinct bilateral projection to this cortical area. The results showed no different projections between the dorsal and ventral nodulus. Mediolateral differences were not found in the nodulus.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1130K) -
滝沢 昌彦, 間口 四郎, 劉沢 周, 折舘 伸彦, 福田 諭, 犬山 征夫, 本家 孝一1994 年 97 巻 1 号 p. 20-27
発行日: 1994/01/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーAnti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies(ANCA)have been reported to be a disease-specific marker for Wegener's granulomatosis(WG). In the present study we developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)for detecting and quantifying ANCA. The cytoplasmic α-fraction of neutrophils obtained from healthy human donors was used as an antigen. The α-fraction was purified from supernatants of homogenized neutrophils by sucrose gradient centrifugation. Peroxidase conjugated rabbit anti-human IgG was used as a secondary antibody. Diluted sera from 13 patients with WG, 15 with Sjogren syndrome, 1 with polymorphic reticulosis, 3 with relapsing polychondritis, 4 with other collagen diseases, 4 with sinusitis and 18 healthy donors were examined. It was concluded that this ELISA was sufficiently specific and sensitive for WG, and the ELISA units correlated individually with the ANCA titers as determined by an indirect immunofluorescence technique. This ELISA provides precise ANCA quantitation and will be useful for the diagnosis of WG and for monitoring its activity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1013K) -
町野 満, 服部 康夫, 上野 則之1994 年 97 巻 1 号 p. 28-34
発行日: 1994/01/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーMeatoplasty is designed to create a lasting external auditory canal and provide improvement in hearing acuity. In three patients with congenital atresia of the external auditory canal not requiring otoplasty, we carried out meatoplasty using an island pedicle flap obtained from the postauricular region. The island pedicle flap was made into a tubed pedicle when sutured with the epidermis facing inward, which was then made into a blind tube pedicle flap when sutured to a free skin graft. The external auditory canal was completed when the blind tubed pedicle flap was inserted into a newly created external auditory canal.
Since the operation, two of the three patients have benefited from remarkable improvement in hearing acuity, and all three patients have been free of atresia in the newly created auditory canal.
This procedure has the following major advantages: the island pedicle flap is nourished by the posterior auricular artery; the procedure provides an island flap wide enough to cover the newly created auditory canal; and the operation can be performed in a one-stage procedure.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1783K) -
大柿 徹, 池田 敦子, 小松 崎篤, 市川 容子, 西嶌 渡, 丹下 剛1994 年 97 巻 1 号 p. 35-40
発行日: 1994/01/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーRhinosporidiosis is due to fungal infection by Rhinosporidium seeberi, which affects predominantly the mucous membrane of the nose and nasopharynx. This disease is characterized by the formation of papillomatous and polypoid lesions and is known to be endemic in India and Sri Lanka.
The first case of rhinosporidiosis in Japan is reported in this paper. A 25-year-old male Indian, born in India, living in Japan for a year, visited the outpatient clinic complaining of nasal obstruction and swallowing pain. A friable, irregular, reddish polypoid mass was found in the right nasal cavity. Endoscopy as well as plain X-ray and CT examination showed that the mass originated from the right inferior turbinate and extended into the choana without any sign of bone destruction. The mass removed under general anesthesia showed the typical feature of rhinosporidiosis, that is, papillomatous hyperplasia of the mucosa with sporangia full of spores in different stages of development. One year after treatment, no relapse has been seen in this case.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2156K) -
青地 克也, 西岡 信二, 西川 邦男, 小池 聰之1994 年 97 巻 1 号 p. 41-50
発行日: 1994/01/20
公開日: 2008/12/15
ジャーナル フリーComposite tissue defect of the mandible following the surgical resection of head and neck neoplasma or osteoradionecrosis causes functional and cosmetic disorders. Mandibular reconstruction is, therefore, necessary to obtain satisfactory results.
The introduction of microvascular surgery has made it possible to transfer various types of vascularized bone grafts and this technique is considered one of the most reliable procedures for mandibular reconstruction. Recently it has been reported that an osteocutaneous scapular flap is useful for mandibular reconstruction. We have performed, over the last 2.5 years, 13 mandibular reconstructions using a vascularized osteocutaneous scapular free flap, and successful results have been achieved.
The features of this flap are as follows: 1) it provides a consistent blood supply to the bone and the skin and has a constant vascular pedicle; 2) since the skin island and bone flap have separate pedicles, three-dimensional reconstructions are facilitated; 3) if needed, two skin flaps can be elevated; 4) the skin island is not so bulky; 5) the lateral border of the scapula provides highly vascularized bone of thick cortical density and osteotomies are safely performed; 6) using an angular branch based on thracodorsal artery, a bi-pedicled scapula bone can be raised and two completely vascularized bone segments can be transferred with a single pedicle.
Thus, a vascularized osteocutaneous scapular flap has proven very useful for complex mandibular reconstructions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3274K) -
山岸 益夫, 石塚 洋一, 関耕 治1994 年 97 巻 1 号 p. 51-60
発行日: 1994/01/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーCharacteristic changes appearing in the biopsied olfactory mucosa of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients were investigated using immunohistochemical staining. Specimens were obtained from 6 patients who were clinically diagnosed with AD, 2 patients with cerebrovascular dementia and 5 age-matched patients with olfactory disturbance without dementia.
In most AD cases, polyclonal tau protein immunoreactivity was seen in the dendrites, perikarya of the olfactory receptor cells in the olfactory epithelium and the olfactory nerve bundles in the lamina propria. In a few cases, tau protein immunoreactivity was found in the extracellular mass in the epithelium. Ubiquitin immunoreactivity was seen is the dendrites of olfactory receptor cells. On the other hand, in control cases, only dendrites and olfactory nerve bundles reacted to anti- polyclonal tau protein antiserum in a few cases. These results indicate that the neurofibrillary tangle-like tau protein immunoreactivity in the perikarya senile plaque-like extracellular mass and ubiquitin immunoreactivity in the olfactory epithelium were characteristic changes in AD, and olfactory mucosal biopsy is a useful method for the definitive diagnosis of AD.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3627K) -
高村 博光1994 年 97 巻 1 号 p. 61-66
発行日: 1994/01/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe number and distribution of EG1 positive cells, EG2 positive cells, MBP positive cells and EPO positive cells of the nasal mucosa were studied in nasal allergy.
The correlation between the EG2 positive cells and subjective symptoms, the number of eosinophils in serum, the number of eosinophils in nasal secretion, the serum IgE level and the RAST score was studied.
Subjects for EG2 were 13 males and 7 females ranging from 10 to 43 years of age, for EG1 they were 2 males and 3 females ranging from 18 to 43 years of age, and for MBP and EPO they were 3 males and 2 females ranging from 10 to 43 years of age.
The specimens from inferior turbinates were frozen at-70°C and sliced at a thickness of 4μm by cryostat. Monoclonal antibodies and peroxidase-antiperoxidase staining (DAKO) were used to detect these cells.
EG1 positive cells, EG2 positive cells, MBP positive cells and EPO positive cells were found mainly in the superficial layer, with some in the epithelial layer. However, damage to the epithelium was not related to the infiltration of EG2. No damage to the basement membrane was found. The number and distribution of EG1 positive cells and EG2 positive cells were almost the same. This means that eosinophils seen in the nasal mucosa have been activated. The number of EG2 positive cells was well correlated with the degree of nasal obstruction and serum IgE level. From the results, activated eosinophils were thought to be related to the late phase response of nasal allergy.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (926K) -
山際 幹和, 坂倉 康夫1994 年 97 巻 1 号 p. 67-74
発行日: 1994/01/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (618K) -
井上 庸夫1994 年 97 巻 1 号 p. 75-83
発行日: 1994/01/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThere are large individual differences in susceptibility to noise exposure. Most hearing impairment begins with dip type hearing loss, and continual evoked otoacoustic emissions (CEOAES) are frequently seen in ears with dip type hearing loss. The present study was performed in order to ascertain the relationship between dip type hearing loss and C-EOAE.
Brass band members in two junior high schools were the subjects of this study. In H-school, the noise levels during practice were between 88 and 103 dB Leq in all groups with music instrumental parts. The survey revealed that 58% of ears showed dip type hearing loss in Bekesy's audiogram and 52% showed of C-EOAE. The incidence of dip was 82% in ears with C-EOAE, and 35% in the ears without C-EOAE. In the brass band members of F-school the incidence of ears having dip was 64% and the incidence of C-EOAE was 56%. The incidence of dip was 81% in the ears with C-EOAE, whereas it was 43% in the ears without C-EOAE.
Follow-up studies in the subjects of H-school revealed that the incidence of dip ears decreased from 58% to 45%, whereas the incidence of C-EOAE changed in only one ear and was maintained at 50%, near the initial value. Four ears changed in of dip without any change in the presence of C-EOAE.
This practical survey showed a clear relationship between the presence of dip and of C-EOAE.In addition, the follow-up survey indicated that change in the presence of dip does not follow the change in the presence of C-EOAE. The results suggest that the C-EOAE seems to express a disposition to susceptibility in to damage the intracochlear micromechanics. The measurement of C-EOAE may be useful for predicting individual differences in the susceptibility to noise exposure.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (703K) -
浜井 行夫1994 年 97 巻 1 号 p. 84-89
発行日: 1994/01/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe growth process of tracheal epithelia was observed by primary cell culture method using BrdU. Cells stained with BrdU, that showed mitotic activity, were nonciliary cells and BrdU was not found in ciliated (differentiated) cells. The dividing cells and the mature cells could be distinguished by BrdU. Thus, it was demonstrated that BrdU could be used as an index for investigating the growth process of basal cells.
.Tissue culture of the tracheal rings after mucosal injury was performed. On the third day post -injury, the cells stained with BrdU and the migrating epithelia were observed in the border region between the non-injury and injury site. On the seventh day post-injury, healing was completed. The tissue culture method using BrdU is useful for observing the healing process of the tracheal mucous membrane.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1835K) -
山口 秀樹1994 年 97 巻 1 号 p. 90-98
発行日: 1994/01/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーIt was impossible to observe directly the tympanic cavity with the ear drum intact. The superfine fiberscope, developed by the Department of Otolaryngology, Tokyo Medical College, makes it possible to observe the tympanic cavity through the eustachian tube without any surgical intervention such as myringotomy. This fiberscope is flexible and very fine, having an outer diameter of 0.6-0.8mm. Using this new fiberscope, the foliwing structures can be observed: the handle of the malleus, the long process of the incus, the incudostapedial joint, the head of the stapes, the crus of the stapes, the tendon of the tensor tympani muscle and the promontory.
Observation results are presented for 138 ears with various disorders: cholesteatoma, tympanosclerosis, congenital malformation, ossicular dislocation, otosclerosis, otitis media with effusion, chronic otitis media, etc. All patients could be tested with local anesthesia in the outpatient clinic except very young children. The findings were easily recorded on either photographs or video tapes. This superfine fiberscope was of great value in the diagnosis of pathologies affecting middle ear structures in outpatient clinics, since no surgical intervention was necessary in the procedure. In addition, it was very useful for making highly detailed studies and for discussion after the examination.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2515K) -
免疫組織化学的検討坂野 立幸1994 年 97 巻 1 号 p. 99-111
発行日: 1994/01/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe extracellular matrix (EM) has various important functions. The basement membrane, which is part of the EM, has major components such as type IV collagen (C-IV), laminin, and heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG). The basement membrane controls osmosis of various molecules, as well as the approach of growth factors, hormones, and neurotransmitters, etc. to the cellular surface. Thus, in this study, distributions of HSPG and C-IV and associated changes were investigated immunohistologically using monoclonal antibody against HSPG and polyclonal antibody against C-IV in mice models of experimental facial nerve palsy.
In normal tissues, HSPG and C-IV were stained slightly in the basement membrane of the myelin sheath, moderately in the perineurium and slightly in the epineurium of the nerve.
In the model of extratemporal facial nerve palsy, these stained components became more apparent, i. e., moderate or stronger, in the basement membrane of the myelin sheath, one week after the experiment. HSPG was perceptibly stained even at a later period of observation, while staining of C-IV became weak in the early period of observation.
In the model of intratemporal facial nerve palsy, the staining of HSPG and C-IV of the basement membrane in the myelin sheath, also became more apparent (became moderate) one week after the experiment. But in this model, the degree of staining in the basement membrane was uniformly increased throughout the nerve fascicle. This is a characteristic feature of intratemporal facial nerve palsy, and requires further investigation.
These results suggest that the basement membrane may play an important role in facial nerve
regeneration, and that HSPG may maintain control over the degree of nerve regeneration.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (5124K) -
小田 明子1994 年 97 巻 1 号 p. 112-123
発行日: 1994/01/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーAlthough several complications have been reported at present, myringotomy and ventilation tube insertion are frequently used in the treatment of secretory and recurrent otitis media. There have been many studies on histological changes of tympanic membranes (TM) after surgery, however, experimental studies on the mechanical properties of the TM are very few.
In animal models, repeated myringotomies were performed on the TM of 39 guinea pigs (Group A), and polyethylene tubes were inserted into the upper anterior quadrants of the TM in 19 guinea pigs (Group B). In Group A two types of incisions, circumferential and radial, were made in the TM. In group B the ventilation tubes were removed after either one week or five weeks. After the final incision or removal of the tubes, structural changes of the TM were examined by otomi- croscope once a week for a duration of four weeks. The animals were sacrificed after one week or four weeks and the TM were dissected out, and observed under both light and scanning electron microscopes.
A microtesting system was developed to measure the mechanical strength of the TM. This system consists of three components: a microscope, a specimen holder and a force sensor. The specimen was stretched over the hole (500μm in diameter) of the holder, and was penetrated by a force sensor needle, 130μm in diameter. The load-displacement curve began ascending when the sensor touched the specimen, and disappeared after breakage.
The results were as follows:1) Repeated myringotomies caused a dramatically thickened TM in not only the operated area, but also the posterior quadrants. The TM in group A were more thickened than those in group B. Tympanosclerosis was observed more frequently in the TM with circumferential incisions as compared to those with radial incisions. Retraction of the TM was observed only in group B. 2) In normal TM, the load-displacement curve showed a linearly ascending curve with some small peaks. The load at breakage was 72.9mN on average.
The load-displacement curve at the thickened area showed a concave ascent without small peaks. The load at breakage ranged from 10 to 660mN after circumferential incisions, and from 40 to 240mN after radial incisions. At the tube insertion region, the load at breakage ranged from 53 to 237mN.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3982K)
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