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Volume 124 (1978)
- Issue 4 Pages 297-
- Issue 3 Pages 197-
- Issue 2 Pages 99-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 124, Issue 3
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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MASAHIDE SEINO, KEISHI ABE, NOBUO IROKAWA, TORU ITO, MINORU YASUJIMA, ...1978 Volume 124 Issue 3 Pages 197-203
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of furosemide on urinary kallikrein excretion was studied in 10 patients with essential hypertension and 9 normal volunteer subjects. After intravenous administration of furosemide and 2 hours of upright posture, urine volume (UV), urinary sodium (UNaV) and potassium (UKV) excretion, plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) and urinary kallikrein markedly increased. However, the augmentation of urinary kallikrein in patients with essential hypertension (1.50±0.19 EU/2hr) was less remarkable than that in normal subjects (2.33±0.24EU/2hr), although the same degrees of response were observed in PRA and PAC. The increments of UV, UNaV and UKV in patients with essential hypertension were also significantly lower than in normal subjects. Significant positive relations were found between urinary kallikrein and UV or UNaV in both hypertensive and normotensive groups, but there was no such correlation before furosemide administration. It is likely that diuresis and natriuresis induced by furosemide are somehow associated with an increase in urinary kallikrein excretion. Blunted response of urinary kallikrein in essential hypertension may suggest an abnormality in the renal kallikrein-kinin system in this disease.View full abstractDownload PDF (413K) -
AKIRA OHNEDA, YOSHISUKE MARUHAMA, HIROSHI ITABASHI, SHIN-ICHI OIKAWA, ...1978 Volume 124 Issue 3 Pages 205-222
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo investigate the effect of long-term administration of oral hypoglycemic agents upon the development of vascular complications, a retrospective follow-up study was carried out on 214 diabetic patients for a period of 8 years. These patients were divided into three groups: 38 patients treated with diet alone (group I), 125 patients with sulfonylurea (group II) and 51 patients with insulin (group III). The mean fasting blood glucose levels were generally well controlled through the period of observation in each group. Blood pressure had been treated, but hypertension was observed in 2 to 10% of each diabetic group at the eighth year. Hypoglycemia, albuminuria and ketonuria occurred more frequently in group III than in the other groups. There had been no remarkable changes in serum lipids of these three diabetic groups through the observation period. The percentages of the patients with diabetic retinopathy increased during the follow-up period and significant differences were noted among the three groups at the eighth year (p<0.025). In contrast, no significant difference was demonstrated in the percentage of the ischemic heart disease among these groups. When correlation coefficients between variables in each group were calculated, it was difficult to find out any definite relationship between certain variables. The stepwise multiple-regression analyses suggested that the development of retinopathy or of abnormal ECG was affected by various factors. In addition, statistical analyses were performed on 152 deaths among 2100 diabetics who attended our Clinic between January 1, 1961 and August 31, 1976. The mortalities were 8.9% for the group with diet alone, 3.5% for the group with sulfonylureas and 11.9% for the group with insulin, and these values were different with a statistical significance (p<0.001). As a whole, 32 patients (21.7%) died of malignant neoplasma, 25 (16.4%) of renal diseases and 24 (15.8%) of cerebral vascular accidents. Fatal myocardial infarction and cardiac insufficiency were detected in 6 (3.9%) and 5 (3.3%) patients, respectively. The percentages of deaths from heart disease were low and no significant difference was observed in the mortality of cardiac events between the three groups. The results obtained in the investigation did not support the UGDP study.View full abstractDownload PDF (974K) -
NOBORU MATSUMOTO, TOKUHIRO ISHIHARA, HISAICHI FUJII, HIDENORI NAKAMURA ...1978 Volume 124 Issue 3 Pages 223-232
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe fine structures of the red pulp of the spleen and the liver of a patient with autoimmune hemolytic anemia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia associated with systemic lupus erythematosus are described. The red blood cells were phagocytized in toto by the splenic macrophages. These also contained neutrophils and platelets in various stages of degradation. Sinus endothelial cells revealed occasional erythrophagocytosis. The Kupffer cells in the liver occasionally contained red cells and platelets. These morphological findings and marked improvement of hematological abnormalities following splenectomy suggested that the spleen was the major site of destruction of blood cells. Undulating tubules associated with the endoplasmic reticulum were present in the sinus endothelial cells of the spleen.View full abstractDownload PDF (5562K) -
HIDEO SAWADA, SUMIE SHIOYA, YUJI TAKASAKI, KOJI NAMBA, HAJIME YAMABAYA ...1978 Volume 124 Issue 3 Pages 233-240
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe contact angle (θ) was determined in combination with surface tension measured in a Langmuiur-Willhelmy surface tension balance. Correction of the surface tension by the contact angle factor (1/cos θ) was tried on the monolayer curve of dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl choline (DPPC) and total lipid extracts from the bovine lung surfactant material (TLE). The contact angle was observed with an optical apparatus called a Contangulometer and pictures taken discontinuously, and was determined by drawing tangents at the peak of a junction between the water mensicus and a glass plate. The contact angle was about 15°, and had a narrow range of variation until the surface tension became very low, less than 5dynes/cm, and then the contact angle jumped to almost 90° both in DPPC and in TLE. It is concluded that the directly recorded surface tension curve underestimates the value by about 3-4% and that when the surface tension becomes very low, less than 5 dynes/cm, the value is no longer valid because the contact angle becomes nearly 90°.View full abstractDownload PDF (849K) -
RYUJI YAMAGUCHI, TETSUNORI MATSUDA, YOSHIKAZU NAKANO, MASAYUKI KYUMA, ...1978 Volume 124 Issue 3 Pages 241-249
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn pursuit of the probable relationship of cAMP to the placental active transport of amino acids as suggested by our previous human data, experiments were done in this study with dibutyryl cAMP and theophylline loaded in pregnant rats to examine the changes in level of 14C-lysine in the maternal liver, placenta and fetus. The results are: (1) Loading of dibutyryl cAMP had no effect on the uptake of 14C-lysine in the maternal liver, placenta or fetus, except that the correction of the values with its concentration in the maternal blood revealed only a slightly significant elevation in the value in each of them 30 min after the loading. (2) Loading of theophylline significantly increased the uptake of 14C-lysine in all these organs. (3) The content of cAMP in the placenta significantly increased with the loading of theophylline. These results have led the authors to believe that endogenous cAMP is significantly linked with the placental active transport of amino acids, though there is no apparent contribution to it by exogenous cAMP.View full abstractDownload PDF (515K) -
KENJI HOJO, CHIHARU HIRAMINE1978 Volume 124 Issue 3 Pages 251-260
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe role of the thymus in the pathogenesis of experimental allergic thyroiditis (EAT) in the guinea pig was studied after the lapse of a sufficiently long period following adult thymectomy. Female Hartley guinea pigs thymectomized or sham-operated at 10 to 12 weeks of age were immunized by a single injection of homologous thyroid extract in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) 7 or more months after operation. The animals were sacrificed at 4 or 5 weeks after immunization. Adult thymectomized and subsequently sensitized (ATx-sensitized) animals showed a markedly depressed ability to develop thyroiditis, 18 of the 21 animals having thyroid lesions which could be graded as slight or lower than the sham-operated controls. Delayed skin reaction and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) production of lymph node cells to thyroid antigen were reduced in the ATx-sensitized animals. On the contrary, enhancement of migration was noted in some of the animals. Anti-thyroid hemagglutinating antibody was not detected in about a quarter of ATx-sensitized animals, in the remainders of which the titers were found to be at the level similar to that of the sham-operated controls. There was a substantial decrease in the percentage of rosette-forming cells (T cells) on unsensitized ATx animals 14 months after operation. Thus, it seems reasonable to conclude that the suppression of the development of thyroiditis and related cellular immunity are a reflection of a decline in peripheral T cell population during the long term after thymectomy, and EAT in the guinea pig is a thymus dependent disease.View full abstractDownload PDF (1306K) -
KOZUI MIYAZAWA, TAKAO HONNA, TAKASHI HANEDA, KUNIO SHIRATO, TOSHIYUKI ...1978 Volume 124 Issue 3 Pages 261-266
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn five anesthetized open chest dogs, contraction patterns of the left ventricle induced by ventricular pacing were analyzed using cineangiocardiography. Left ventriculography was performed with dogs in the right anterior oblique position. The right atrial appendage (RA) and two ventricular sites (RVO: outflow tract of the right ventricle and LVA: apex of the left ventricle) were stimulated electrically at a rate of 150 per min. Contraction patterns and cardiodynamics in response to ventricular pacing were compared with those to RA pacing, which represents a normal sequence and extent of ventricular contraction. RVO pacing resulted in asyneresis of anterior wall and normal contraction of posterior wall, while LVA pacing produced a systolic expansion of the apex associated with enhanced contraction of the posterior wall. Ventricular pacing uniformly caused decreases in left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), stroke volume (SV) and ejection fraction (EF), with relatively constant left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV). Blood pressure was significantly decreased with ventricular pacing. There were only minor differences of these parameters between RVO and LVA pacing. It was considered that a diminution of SV and EF during ventricular pacing resulted from the asynchronous contraction of the ventricle which was not related to decreased myocardial contractility.View full abstractDownload PDF (369K) -
TSUNEO SUZUKI, SEIICHI KASHIMURA, KAZUO UMETSU1978 Volume 124 Issue 3 Pages 267-275
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLDH and GOT isozyme patterns in the heart muscle of forensic pathological cases were investigated to find out the relationship between their changes and the causes of death. In most cases of death by violence, natural causes, poisoning and cold, the sum of LDH-1 and LDH-2 averaged about 80-90% of the total LDH, and GOTs was equal to or slightly lower than GOTm. In about two thirds of cases of asphyxia and drowning, LDH-1 and LDH-2 decreased and LDH-3, LDH-4 and LDH-5 increased. The activity of GOTs decreased and the ratio of GOTs/GOTm diminished. In neonate, LDH-3 showed the highest activity, followed by LDH-2 and LDH-1. GOTm was much less than GOTs. In most cases of cardiac death from unknown cause and cot death, LDH-3 increased remarkably, though it was less than LDH-1 and LDH-2, and GOTm became much less than GOTs. These findings revealed that there were some similarities in the LDH and GOT isozyme patterns in the heart muscle of the cardiac death from unknown cause and cot death and that of neonate.View full abstractDownload PDF (2079K) -
MINORU YASUJIMA, KEISHI ABE, NOBUO IROKAWA, SATORU CHIBA, MAKITO SATO, ...1978 Volume 124 Issue 3 Pages 277-283
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUrinary prostaglandin E (PGE) excretion as an indicator of renal PGE, urinary aldosterone excretion, plasma renin activity, urinary sodium excretion, and urinary potassium excretion were measured after sodium depletion in 15 patients with essential hypertension to investigate the interaction between renal PGE and sodium metabolism. Following sodium depletion, urinary PGE excretion decreased, whereas urinary aldosterone excretion and plasma renin activity increased. Significant positive correlations were found between urinary PGE excretion and urinary sodium excretion (γ=0.41, p<0.01) or urinary sodium excretion-urinary potassium excretion ratio (γ=0.43, p<0.005). These results support the hypothesis that the renal PGE may play an important role in the regulation of sodium metabolism and this action of PGE is independent of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.View full abstractDownload PDF (344K) -
TERUO FUJIMOTO1978 Volume 124 Issue 3 Pages 285-296
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMode of development of axial sclerosis and fibrosis of glomerular loops following proliferative glomerulitis was studied on the basis of renal biopsies. The analyses of biopsy specimens revealed that mild proliferative glomerulitis with preservation of capillary structure is followed by axial sclerosis or sclerosis of mesangial area of glomerular loops, whereas marked or severe proliferative glomerulitis characterized by disorganization of glomerular architecture due to proliferation of local fixed cells with reticular arrangement, chiefly of endothelial origin, following histolysis of loop walls results in crowding of proliferated cells accompanied by formation of fibers along them toward axis of the loop (axial fibrosis) and recanalization at its periphery. It was also clarified that when cell proliferation and following axial fibrosis of glomerulus are pronounced, lobulation of glomerular loops associated with further formation of centrolobular nodules is brought about, which is the lesion characteristic of lobular glomerulonephritis. Some clinical features concerning these processes were presented and discussed, and significance of glomerular lesions here presented for the nephrotic syndrome was considered.View full abstractDownload PDF (3110K)
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