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Volume 94 (1968)
- Issue 4 Pages 327-
- Issue 3 Pages 231-
- Issue 2 Pages 117-
- Issue 1 Pages 3-
Volume 94, Issue 2
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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Seiichi Sato1968 Volume 94 Issue 2 Pages 117-126
Published: 1968
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGuanethidine in a concentration of 5×10-6 or 10-5 inhibited definitely the sweating axon reflex produced by the optimum concentration of nicotine (10-5); complete inhibition was always observed with guanethidine in 5×10-5. Likewise, the axon reflex response to the optimum concentration of acetylcholine (10-6) was always abolished by guanethidine in 5×10-5. Bretylium also suppressed the axon reflex response elicited by nicotine and acetylcholine: the inhibition was always complete with bretylium in 10-4 for nicotine, and with that in 5×10-4 for acetyl-choline.
In contrast, the sweating axon reflex elicited by the optimum concentration of NaCl (4×10-2) was affected neither by guanethidine nor by bretylium even at a concentration of 10-3.
The results suggest that guanethidine and bretylium belong to competitive blocking agents as far as the swaeting axon reflex is concerned.View full abstractDownload PDF (1426K) -
Masao Murai1968 Volume 94 Issue 2 Pages 127-137
Published: 1968
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThree methods for estimating the blood volume-in the lung using the dye-dilution technique, the direct Stewart-Hamilton method, indirect Stewart-Hamil-ton method, and Newman's slope volume, were investigated and compared with one another in human subjects. The results were as follows:
1) There was a good correlation between pulmonary blood volume by the direct method and that by the indirect one, but the former was higher than the latter. It was suggested that the direct method measured some part of the blood in the left atrium in addition to the blood volume in the lung.
2) The direct method obviously over-estimated pulmonary blood volume in mitral regurgitation, but when a correction for regurgitating dye was applied, the result was almost the same as that in cases without regurgitation.
3) There were no significant differences in the downslope of the dilution curve between femoral vein injection earpiece curves and pulmonary artery ones. On the other hand, the time constant of the downslope of pulmonary artery injec-tion curve was always larger than that of left atrial one. It was proved that the downslope of the dilution curve following the dye injection into the right side of the heart was determined by the amount of blood in the lung, but not influenced by that of the right or left side of the heart.
4) The slope volume from an earpiece curve after pulmonary artery injection was slightly but apparently smaller than the pulmonary blood volume by the indirect method. It was concluded'that the slope volume did not represent a true blood volume in the lung.View full abstractDownload PDF (645K) -
Naofumi Kumagai1968 Volume 94 Issue 2 Pages 139-147
Published: 1968
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn assay method for human plasmaTAMe esterase activity was described. It consists of the incubation of TAMe with plasma and the colorimetric determina-tion of the residual TAMe after the incubation. This method is simple and accurate, and the estimated values were 9_??_34μM/ml/hr.View full abstractDownload PDF (425K) -
Kiyohiko Yoshikawa1968 Volume 94 Issue 2 Pages 149-162
Published: 1968
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe intravenous Na-tolbutamide test was done on various types of hypoglyce-mia and the following conclusions were obtained:
(1) Though very useful in the screening of hypoglycemia, the test is not always satisfactory for the differential diagnosis of various types of hypoglycemia.
(2) The diagnosis of hypoglycemia by means of the Na-tolbutamide test is con-sidered practically established when the recovering ability from hypoglycemic levels is absent or insufficient, so as to give a value of the recovery index mostly 0.5 or less, and the stationary value is not higher than 55mg/100ml.
(3) Pronounced hypoglycemia occasionally persists in some cases of functional hypoglycemia. Temporary rise in the blood sugar levels is observed in some cases of pancreatic hyperinsulinism. Differential diagnosis between the two types of hypoglycemia is impossible when only the Na-tolbutamide test is employed.
(4) In a patient with diabetes complicated with hypoglycemia, the blood sugar level 20 and 30 minutes after intravenous tolbutamide injection showed an obvious decrease in the decline rate.
(5) Biphasic fluctuations of blood sugar levels after intravenous tolbutamide injection were observed in three cases of hyperinsulinism.View full abstractDownload PDF (801K) -
Tadayoshi Matsuda1968 Volume 94 Issue 2 Pages 163-167
Published: 1968
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn application of the moving filter attached to the radiation mouth of the axial transverse tomograph reduces exclusively the x-ray irradiation dose to the contour area of the cross section of the body.
By means of this filter the density of the axial transverse tomogram is equalized from the periphery to the center of the cross section, thus making possible a wide application of the axial transverse tomogram to the radiation therapy.View full abstractDownload PDF (1306K) -
Jun Ishii, Kiku Nakao1968 Volume 94 Issue 2 Pages 169-175
Published: 1968
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAnalyses of the erythrocyte lipid by means of thin layer chromatography (TLC) and photodensitometry (PDM) were performed in five normal human adults, four patients with hyperthyroidism and four patients with hypothyroidism.
Lipids were extracted from washed red cells with a 2:1 (v/v) chloroform-methanol mixture. TLC of total lipids was performed on a Silica Gel G plate using a mixture of chloroform-methanol-water in a proportion of 65:24:4 (v/v). Lipid spots were identified by comparing them with standard lipid spots and quantitative analysis of each lipid was carried out by means of PDM after charring the lipid spots.
The major components of erythrocyte lipids were cholesterol (unesterified), lecithin, sphingomyelin, lysolecithin, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl serine, and cerebrosides. Although there were no striking differences in erythrocyte lipids in different functional states of the thyroid, relative quantitative analyses suggested that cholesterol values were high and lecithin values low in hypothyroid-ism, and phosphatidyl ethanolamine values low in hyperthyroidism.View full abstractDownload PDF (430K) -
Minoru Adachi1968 Volume 94 Issue 2 Pages 177-185
Published: 1968
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of various cardioplegic procedures on the myocardial oxygen consumption was investigated by the direct method of Warburg. Potassium citrate and Young's solution markedly enhanced the oxygen consumption of the heart muscle of both normal and low temperature groups. Acetylcholine and adenosine triphosphate in a low concentration slightly increased the oxygen consumption, but higher concentrations of adenosine triphosphate markedly inhibited the respiration of the heart muscle. Potassium chloride had an inhibitory action on the myocardial oxygen consumption. The heart muscle under hypothermic cardioplegia showed a very close relationship between oxygen consumption and endogenous myocardial respiration.View full abstractDownload PDF (588K) -
Hiroshi Suzuki, Shigeru Kimura, Eisuke Ohashi, Morio Kasai1968 Volume 94 Issue 2 Pages 187-202
Published: 1968
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPostoperative water, electrolyte and nitrogen balances were estimated in 10 newborn infants who had undergone surgical operations within the first 4 days of life, and the results were compared with those obtained from 20 normal newborn infants.
In newborns, responses to the operation were markedly different from those of adults or older infants. Postoperative oliguria was not observed. Daily administration of water in more than 80ml/kg/day, however, resulted in definite accumulation of body water. The dose of given water (x) and the water balance (y) were proportional to each other, and their correlation was given by an expres-sion in the form of y=0.75x-27. Adequate amount of water to be given to new-born infants in early postoperative periods seemed to be 60ml/kg/day.
Urinary excretion of sodium chloride in postoperative newborns was larger than that of normal newborns in the comparable age. Urinary excretion of potassium in the operative group was slightly larger than that of the control group. Urinary potassium-nitrogen ratio in postoperative newborns was within the ratios for the normal lean muscle tissue.
Administration of 10μg/kg of aldosterone caused little change in urinary electrolyte excretion and urinary sodium-potassium ratio in newborn infants, though it caused a marked increase in urinary potassium excretion and urinary sodium-potassium ratio in older infants. Immature response of the kidney of newborn infants to aldosterone seems to be one of the principal factors causing the postoperative electrolyte metabolism characteristic of newborn infants within a few days of birth.View full abstractDownload PDF (823K) -
Tohru Takahashi, Toshio Orii, Masuo Kaneda1968 Volume 94 Issue 2 Pages 203-224
Published: 1968
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe mean radius R of the hepatic lobules was defined as the radius of a hypothetical cylinder made by re-arranging the total volume of the hepatic paren-chyma around an axis of the length of the total hepatic veins in the liver. In normal livers R was about 250μ in newborns and attained 350-400μ in adults. In the livers with primary liver cancer without liver cirrhosis, R was distinctly higher and exceeded 500μ in extreme cases. The result was interpreted as indicating precancerous growth of the liver parenchyma. In cases of metastatic liver cancer, such a tendency was not observed.
Supposing that the total liver cell volume was extended in a uniform thick-ness between two equal plates, each of which had a surface area equal to half the surface area of the total sinusoidal boundaries, the mean thickness _??_ of the liver cell plates was estimated. Its values in the part of the liver not involved in cancer were evidently increased in cases of primary liver cancer without cirrhosis, and represented a process underlying enlarged lobular radius in such livers. The same tendency was confirmed in cirrhotic livers with and without liver cancer. The distinct increase in _??_ indicated an excessive growth of liver cells different from simple regenerative proliferation. The behavior of liver cells was regarded as an expression of precancerous growth common to cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic livers.View full abstractDownload PDF (2409K) -
Sigetosi Kamiyama, Satoru Kobayashi, Eiji Takahashi, Eikichi Wakamatsu ...1968 Volume 94 Issue 2 Pages 225-230
Published: 1968
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDirect enlargement roentgenograms of the lumbar vertebral bodies were ex-amined on 129 subjects in the sixth and seventh decades composed of hypertensive patients and non-hypertensive controls from the out-patient clinics of the Tohoku University Hospital in Sendai, Japan.
The roentgenographic findings were classified into three grades accord-ing to osteoporotic changes. The incidence of osteoporotic change was found to be significantly higher in the sixties than in the fifties for females and also significantly higher in hypertensive than in non-hypertensive females.View full abstractDownload PDF (892K)
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