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Volume 194 (2001)
- Issue 4 Pages 197-
- Issue 3 Pages 141-
- Issue 2 Pages 75-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 194, Issue 4
August
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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Special Article
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Komyo Eto, Akira Yasutake, Atsuhiro Nakano, Hirokatsu Akagi, Hidehiro ...2001 Volume 194 Issue 4 Pages 197-203
Published: 2001
Released on J-STAGE: January 18, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAutopsy specimens from the historic cat experiment were recently discovered in a storage area at the Kumamoto University School of Medicine. The specimens were from an experiment prompted by physicians in the Chisso Minamata Plant following the announcement made by the Study Group for Minamata disease. On July 14, 1959 the Group announced that the disease was most likely caused by a kind of organic mercury. In order to prove or disprove that industrial waste from the Chisso Factory was the culprit in Minamata disease, a total of ten cats were fed food mixed with industrial waste produced in the acetaldehyde-producing plant. One of the ten cats, No. 717, was subsequently autopsied but the autopsy findings have never been published or recorded in the literature despite their historic significance. The rediscovered specimens were studied pathologically and biochemically, and were analyzed chemically with currently available techniques. Characteristic lesions of methylmercury poisoning were observed in the central nervous system, and the mercury levels in the cerebrum, cerebellum, liver and kidney were found to be markedly elevated in this animal.View full abstractDownload PDF (941K)
Regular Contributions
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Masakado Matsumoto, Yasumoto Suzuki, Yutaka Miyazaki, Daisuke Tanaka, ...2001 Volume 194 Issue 4 Pages 205-212
Published: 2001
Released on J-STAGE: January 18, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe evaluated the ability of enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequence-based PCR (ERIC-PCR) to differentiate 95 Streptococcus pyogenes strains with M or T serotypes isolated from sporadic streptococcal infections as compared with M or T serotypings and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Although the ERIC-PCR had less discriminatory power, defined as the ability to divide the strains with the same serotypes into the different sub-types, than PFGE, it consistently classified the strains into 16 patterns with a high correlation with M or T serotyping. The PCR method further discriminated 4 M or T serotypes into sub-types. The application of ERIC-PCR to 5 outbreaks of streptococcal infection produced the results that agreed closely with those of T serotyping and PFGE. ERIC-PCR has sufficient discriminatory power and is a quick and relatively easy technique, making it useful for routine epidemiological investigations.View full abstractDownload PDF (907K) -
Tsunehisa Tsuchida, Naohisa Miyakoshi, Takuya Kudo, Yasuki Tamura, Yuj ...2001 Volume 194 Issue 4 Pages 213-221
Published: 2001
Released on J-STAGE: January 18, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to determine if the loss of the trabecular connectivities can be recovered by human parathyroid hormone-(1-34) therapy in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Seven-month old female Wistar rats underwent ovariectomy or sham-operation at the beginning of the experiment. All sham operated groups (sham groups) were sacrificed after 0 (initial-BL group), 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks, and one-third of the OVX rats were sacrificed as the baseline controls (OVX-BL groups) at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after OVX. Four weeks PTH or its vehicle treatment for residual OVX rats was started at 4, 8, or 12 weeks after OVX (OVX+PTH groups, OVX+vehicle groups). h-PTH (6.0 μg/kg) was injected subcutaneously six times a week for 4 weeks for each group. Their proximal right tibiae were processed for undecalcified Villanueva bone staining sections for bone histomorphometry. Furthermore, changes in trabecular connectivities were determined by node-strut analysis. h-PTH completely restored OVX-induced cancellous bone loss by stimulating bone formation. In node-strut analysis, node number in the OVX-BL-4, -8, and -12 groups was decreased to 53%, 49% and 44% of the initial-BL value respectively, and that in the OVX-4, -8, -12+PTH groups recovered to 80%, 66%, 56% of the initial-BL value respectively. However, they were lower than those in their corresponding sham groups. The findings of this study suggested that decreased trabecular connectivity by OVX was recovered by intermittent h-PTH administration. However, delayed treatment blunted the restoration of trabecular connectivity.View full abstractDownload PDF (552K) -
Yutaka Masuda, Shun Ohnuma, Junya Sugawara, Toshihiro Sugiyama2001 Volume 194 Issue 4 Pages 223-228
Published: 2001
Released on J-STAGE: January 18, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe found a glycoside in sera of schizophrenic patients. This glycoside increased climbing of mouse forced swimming and the climbing was decreased by dopamine D1 receptor antagonist SCH-23390 with a dose dependent manner. This glycoside had much reactivity of GalNAcα1-3GalNAc, but not that of polymannoses nor that of Galβ1-3GlcNAcα1-serine or threonine. This strongly suggests that the glycoside is an isolated O-glycoside, but not -glycoside nor O-glycoside having core 1 or 2. The present findings suggest that schizophrenic patients have the special glycoside affecting the D1 receptor activity in their serum.View full abstractDownload PDF (355K) -
Naoko Matsuda-Inoguchi, Haruo Nakatsuka, Takao Watanabe, Shinichiro Sh ...2001 Volume 194 Issue 4 Pages 229-239
Published: 2001
Released on J-STAGE: January 18, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was initiated to examine if the revision of the food composition tables from the 4th version to the 5th version has induced any substantial changes in nutrient intake estimation, and if so, in which nutrient item and to what extent. For this purpose, 24-hour duplicates of food samples were collected in 1996 to 1998 from 71 girl university students, together with food menus of the day. The nutrients in the duplicates were estimated by use of the 4th and the 5th version food composition tables in parallel, with supplements of other databases. The results of the estimation with the two databases were compared by Student's paired t-test. Compared with the results with the 4th version, the estimation utilizing the 5th version gave 3 to 8% increases in intakes of major nutrients including energy (except for protein), a 20% increase in vitamin A, and decreases in iron (−13%) and NaCl (−3%), whereas there were only small or essentially no changes in other minerals and vitamins. The largest increment in energy through the re-calculation came from the cereals (especially rice), and it was meats for the increment in lipid intake. The increment in vitamin A with the 5th version is primarily due to the re-evaluation of fruits and vegetables. The present observation suggests that care should be practiced in examining secular trends in nutrition when the basis of estimation is shifted from one database of the 4th version of food composition tables to another of the 5th version. Further study of a larger scale is apparently warranted to confirm the conclusions.View full abstractDownload PDF (686K) -
Yasuhiro Aoki, Yumi Nakayama, Kiyoshi Saigusa, Masayuki Nata, Masaki H ...2001 Volume 194 Issue 4 Pages 241-250
Published: 2001
Released on J-STAGE: January 18, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo assess the power and significance of the likelihood ratio (LR) and the identity-by-state scoring (IBS) methods for a pair of siblings, we performed computer simulations by use of 10 DNA markers (HLA-DQα, D1S80, and 8 short tandem repeat loci) that were frequently analyzed in paternity tests in Japan. The combined power of discrimination of these 10 markers in the Japanese population is 0.999 999 999 98. Pedigrees each consisting of 10 000 pair of full-siblings, half-siblings and unrelated individuals were generated and typed on all markers as random samples. Both the summation of log10LR and IBS of each group had approximate standard normal distribution with significant differences between the means. Statistical studies showed that the LR method has 91% power to detect unrelated individuals and 38% power to detect half-siblings as not full-siblings with a 5% false-positive rate, whereas the IBS method does 87% and 42% powers, respectively. In 62% of full-siblings, in contrast with only 0.2% of unrelated individuals, the values of LR exceeded 100 which was equivalent to 0.99 of probability of full-sibship at 50% prior probability. The advantage of the LR method over IBS method was convincing especially for the detection of unrelated individuals as not half-siblings, however, the latter would be also informative for sib-pair tests if sufficient number of polymorphic markers are available.View full abstractDownload PDF (539K)
Case Report
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Takuya Kudo, Kyoji Okada, Yoshinori Hirano, Masato Sageshima2001 Volume 194 Issue 4 Pages 251-257
Published: 2001
Released on J-STAGE: January 18, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChondroblastoma of the metacarpal bone has been extremely rare and only seven cases have been reported in the English literature. Here we reported the eighth case of a chondroblastoma that developed on the first metacarpal bone of the right hand of a 21-year-old man. Radiographs showed an expansile osteolytic lesion with a multilocular appearance. In MR images, the lesion showed low intensity in T1 and high intensity in T2-weighted images with multiple fluid-fluid levels, which are findings resembling those of an aneurysmal bone cyst. From the pathological findings, however, it was recognized as a chondroblastoma with aneurysmal bone cyst-like change. Good clinical results was obtained by the subtotal resection of the metacarpal bone with a columnar-shaped iliac bone graft.View full abstractDownload PDF (2205K)
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