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Volume 118 (1976)
- Issue 4 Pages 299-
- Issue 3 Pages 199-
- Issue 2 Pages 101-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
- Issue Suppl Pages 1-
Volume 118, Issue 1
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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HIDETADA SASAKI, MASAO NAKAMURA, TAMOTSU TAKISHIMA1976 Volume 118 Issue 1 Pages 1-10
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffect of peribronchial lung parenchyma on bronchial collapsibility during the maximum expiration was studied in the dog lung. Maximum expiratory flow volume curve (MEFVC) was obtained from dogs with intact parenchyma (I), parenchyma being dissected away from main lobar bronchi 1.5cm in depth (II) and the dissected parenchyma glued to the bronchi with adhesive substance (III). Lung elastic pressure-volume curve and airway resistance were almost unchanged in the three conditions. Maximum expiratory flow (Vmax) in condition II was considerably decreased and the ratio of decrease to the control value was high at the lower lung volumes. Vmax in condition III was significantly higher than the control values except at the very low lung volumes. It was proved that even if the airway down to segmental bronchi was dissected from peribronchial lung parenchyma, Vmax was significantly limited. It was concluded that the radial traction of peribronchial parenchyma to the bronchi reduced bronchial collapsibility considerably, and in the dissected bronchi of condition II dynamic airway collapse would occur very easily.View full abstractDownload PDF (2001K) -
RIKURO SASAKI, SHIZUKA ICHIKAWA, HIROTSUGU YAMAGIWA, AKIHIKO ITO, SHOI ...1976 Volume 118 Issue 1 Pages 11-16
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHydroxyproline content was chemically determined in 45 human hearts obtained at autopsy, in order to know possible correlations between aging and hydroxyproline content in the heart muscle. There were no significant differences in the mean total hydroxyproline content between the epicardium and the endocardium, between left and right ventricles, nor between young, middle and old age groups. The hydroxyproline content in NaCl-soluble fraction decreased, and that in TCA-soluble fraction and in residue fraction increased with age. There were significant differences in the mean hydroxyproline content in NaCl-soluble fraction between middle and old age groups, and in residue fraction between young and old age groups in the endocardium of the left ventricle. Accordingly, the ratio of the content in NaCI-soluble fraction to that in TCA-soluble fraction decreases with age. This tendency was more evident in the epicardium than in the endocardium on the left ventricle. These results indicate that total hydroxyproline content per 1 mg of lyophilized material does not show any quantitative changes, but does show qualitative changes with age.View full abstractDownload PDF (380K) -
KAZUO WAKUI, HIROKATSU KUMATA, HIROSHI TADAKI, SHOICHI YAMAGATA1976 Volume 118 Issue 1 Pages 17-23
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSerum glutathione reductase activity was measured in various conditions including acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, malignant neoplastic diseases, and obstructive jaundice. A statistically significant elevation of the enzyme activity was found in all of these clinical conditions above normal value, especially in patients with acute hepatitis, some liver cancer, and malignant biliary obstruction. Comparison with other liver function tests showed the existence of statistically significant correlations of serum glutathione reductase with SCOT, SGPT and alkaline phosphatase in acute hepatitis, and with alkaline phosphatase in cirrhosis. In parenchymatous liver disease, serial determination was found to be important. High values in obstructive jaundice suggest the malignant obstruction.View full abstractDownload PDF (458K) -
HARUHIDE HAYASHI1976 Volume 118 Issue 1 Pages 25-33
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: November 17, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHAYASHI, H. Nerve Impulse Sequences Correlated with the Four Primary Taste Qualities in Rat. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1976, 118 (1), 25-33-Neural correlates of the taste qualities must be contained in transient impulse trains across many nerve fibres. In the present study, ten chemicals with primary tastes were used in two or three concentrations. Gustatory impulses were recorded from thin strands, consisting of one or at most three functional nerve fibres, dissected out of the chorda tympani nerve of twelve Wistar albino rats, and their numbers in every successive 50 msec were counted for 500 msec period after gustatory stimulus onset. The results obtained were as follows (p<0.05): 1) Nerve impulse sequence produced by substances of the salty quality were different from those elicited by chemicals of the other three qualities in 250-300 msec after stimulus onset. 2) The same was true in the case of sour and sweet qualities provided that they became dissimilar to each other in 250 msec after stimulation. 3) No difference could be recognized between impulse trains of bitter and sour solutions as well as between those of bitter and sweet ones.-taste quality; neural correlates; nerve impulse sequences; rat chorda tympaniView full abstractDownload PDF (1002K) -
YOICHI OTSUKA, KEISHI ABE, TETSUO SAITO, NOBUO IROKAWA, SEIJI MIYAZAKI ...1976 Volume 118 Issue 1 Pages 35-43
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThirty patients with renovascular hypertension were treated surgically, and they were divided into two groups according to the kinds of operations they received; nephrectomized group (group A) and revascularized group (group B). Postoperative blood pressure was followed periodi. cally in each patient of two groups. In all patients with an excellent result (diastolic pressure of 90 mmllg or lower without antihypertensive therapy), blood pressure returned to normal within 30 postoperative days. Normal blood pressures were obtained within 3 weeks in eighty-four per cent of them. The normalization of blood pressure following operation was more rapid in group B than in A. The postoperative plasma renin activity (PRA) was determined serially in 10 patients. PRA became normal in 9 within 3 days and in one within 7 postoperative days. The restoration of PRA preceded the normalization of blood pressure. The normaliza tion of PRA was quicker in group A than in B. It is likely that the renal antihypertensive mechanism, suppressed in the ischemic kidney and set again in motion by revascularization, mainly causes this difference in the postoperative changes in PRA and blood pressure between the two groups. It may be concluded that these findings are suggestive of an important role of impaired renal antihypertensive function in the maintenance of high blood pressure in chronic renovascular hypertension in man.View full abstractDownload PDF (578K) -
AKIRA ISHIMORI, HIROYUKI SAKURADA, TAKESHI KAWAMURA, HITOSHI HASHIMOTO ...1976 Volume 118 Issue 1 Pages 45-51
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSProteolytic pH-activity curve and agar gel electrophoretic pattern of acid proteolytic zymogens in serum and urine were studied in totally gastrectomized patients. In serum, total gastrectomy was found to reduce proteolytic activity markedly, but no appreciable changes could be detected by electrophoretic analysis. In urine, however, in addition to the marked reduction of proteolytic activity, changes were found in electrophoretic pattern after total gastrectomy. Namely, fraction Pg 3 tended to persist, while Pg5 disappeared along with the lapse of time after total gastrectomy. An unusual appearance of fraction Pg 7in urine was also observed on the occasion of postoperative transient albuminuria. Their origins and related clinical problems were discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (2043K) -
GEORGES LEMERCIER, MARIE-FRANCE BURCKHART, ROBERT FONTANGES1976 Volume 118 Issue 1 Pages 59-79
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSquamous and “adenomatous” metaplastic changes which developed in the lungs of mice during the healing phase of experimental influenza were studied by histology and electron microscopy. The squamous nests contained epithelial cells possessing bundles of tonfibrils and being similar to bronchial basal cells. The “adenomatous” cavities were lined, either by cells related to Clara cells or by basal type-cells, which underlined cells related to Clara cells. A local and transitory hyperplasia of type FI pneumocytes occurred by the third week. Both kinds of metaplasia seemed to proceed from the bronchial or bronchiolar epithelium. The adenomatous cavities might partly result from progressive differentiation of squamous epithelial cells into cells of glandular type. A ten-month long histologic survey failed to exhibit carcinomatous transformation of metaplasia. Pleiomorphism of influenza regenerative metaplasia might arise from extensive and severe epithelial changes involving all levels of the lower respiratory tract. Such a long persistence of metaplastic changes remains unexplained.View full abstractDownload PDF (8609K) -
TOKUTARO SATO, TSUYOSHI SAITO, KEIGO YASUDA, MASARU KOKTJBUN, KAORU YO ...1976 Volume 118 Issue 1 Pages 81-87
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new method for determination of urinary 0-hydroxylysyl-glycosides (OHLG) is described. Human urine was extracted with 2 volumes of ethanol, followed by gel-filtration on a column of Sephadex G-10. The presence of OHLG in the alkaline hydrolyzate of the fraction obtained by gel-filtration was proved by paper chromatography and by liquid chromatography. The alkaline hydrolyzate was subjected to Dowex 50×4 (H+ form) column chromatography, and OHLG were eluted with 1.5 N NH4OH. Content of OHLG in the eluate was determined by the anthrone-H2SO4 method in terms of hexose. Excretion rate of OHLG in urine of adults was shown to be 20μmoles in terms of hexose per day.View full abstractDownload PDF (352K) -
HITOSHI FUKASAWA1976 Volume 118 Issue 1 Pages 89-95
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPontine cross-sectional area (Ap) and its area factor (f) were correlated with the lapse of time from the onset of stroke to death in 77 autopsy cases of cerebrovascular strokes. In the cases without pontine hemorrhage, the sequential change of Ap was different from that of f, which indicated that the recovery of shape lagged behind the recovery of size. The result was attributed in part to a plastic property of the edematous brain substance and was considered important in evaluating angio-graphical changes of the brain and some pressure cones at autopsy.View full abstractDownload PDF (914K) -
HIROSHI IZUMI, MAKOTO HAYAKARI, SHORYO HAYASHI, HIKARU OZAWA1976 Volume 118 Issue 1 Pages 97-98
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA substance, which can be extracted from rat liver and partially purified, has been tested for its effect on the activity of ATPase in rat brain. This substance inhibited the ATPase activity significantly, and the inhibitory effect was not eliminated by the addition of catecholamines such as epinephrine and dopamine.View full abstractDownload PDF (134K) -
TAKASHI SATO, SUMIO ARAI, SHOZO NAKAMURA, YOSHIAKI TAKEZAWA1976 Volume 118 Issue 1 Pages 99-100
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPhytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced lymphocyte transformation was impaired in acute viral hepatitis. It was significantly correlated with grades of liver cell damage as shown by prothrombin time, GOT, or GPT. It was also lower in drug-induced hepatitis and in prolonged hepatitis than in controls. Of asymptomatic HB, Ag carriers, only those with minimal hepatic change showed lower values in stimulation index as well as incorporated radioactivity.View full abstractDownload PDF (127K)
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