All issues
Volume 130 (1980)
- Issue 4 Pages 311-
- Issue 3 Pages 209-
- Issue 2 Pages 105-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 130, Issue 2
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
TAKAYOSHI TOYOTA, YUKIHIRO KAI, MASAEI KAKIZAKI, AKIRA SAKAI, YOSHIO G ...1980 Volume 130 Issue 2 Pages 105-116
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIslet-activating protein (IAP) is a new active substance purified from the culture medium of Bordetella pertussis. The active protein possesses a molecular weight of 77, 000 and an isoelectric point of pH 7.8. The nature of IAP-action is characterized by enhancement of insulin secretory response to glucose and other stimulants. A single injection of IAP into spontaneous diabetes rats resulted in normalization of their glucose intolerance over a period of a month. Acute and chronic animal toxicity tests showed that LD50 of IAP was 127 μg/kg in mice and 114 μg/kg in rats. After these animal experiments, phase 1 studies were designed and undertaken to establish dosage, duration of action and other factors. IAP of 0.5 μg/kg or 1.0 μg/kg did not bring about any serious toxic or adverse effects in five volunteers. On the 4th day of a single injection of IAP, insulin secretory response was proved to be enhanced. Follow-up studies showed that the IAP-action continued over a month or at most two months. Two features of IAP, i. e., the enhancement of insulin secretory response and the long duration of the action, were confirmed in healthy persons as well as in animals. As expected, IAP has a strong antigenic reaction resulting in formation of IgG antibody and possibly IgE antibody. The antigenicity of IAP causes some hindrance to clinical usefulness. For avoidance of anaphylactic reaction, IAP should be given repeatedly with care. The problem concerning antigen-antibody reaction should be overcome as soon as possible before the clinical use of IAP as a medicament.View full abstractDownload PDF (682K) -
SHIGERU SATO, SANAE SHIMURA, TOSHIO HIROSE, SHINSAKU MAEDA, MASAHIKO K ...1980 Volume 130 Issue 2 Pages 117-128
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRats fed on a vitamin E-deficient diet (E-depleted group) and a vitamin E-supplemented diet (E-supplemented group) were exposed to 0.3 ppm ozone for three hours daily, five days a week for seven months. Then animals from each group were sacrificed, and electron microscopic studies on the lung and biochemical examinations on the lung and liver were performed. 1) Vitamin E concentration in serum decreased following ozone exposure in the E-supplemented group, whereas it remained unaffected in the E-depleted group. 2) Both TBA value and % release of lysosomal enzyme (acid phosphatase) of the liver were increased in vitamin E-depleted air-exposed rats, and showed even higher values following ozone exposure. Levels of both components were highest in the vitamin E-depleted ozone-exposed rats, thus demonstrating that there are a marked increase in lipid peroxide and the increased labilization of lysosomes in this instance. 3) Arachidonic acid (20:4) of total lipid, phospholipid and lecithin in the lung tissue showed a tendency to decrease in vitamin E-depleted air-exposed rats. Those in the ozone-exposed animals showed in both groups a tendency to increase in total lipid and lecithin, and to decrease in phospholipid. However, a change in the fatty acid composition following ozone exposure was generally mild. 4) The fatty acid composition of phospholipid in lung washings did not show a remarkable change following ozone exposure in either group, thus suggesting that it has the resistivity to oxidation. 5) Morphological observations on the lung with the scanning and transmission electron microscopes did not reveal any clear differences between the two groups. The defensive effect of vitamin E on ozone toxicity induced by long-term exposure to ozone was not made clear by the morphological or biochemical examination of the lung. However, biochemical findings in liver of rats exposed to ozone suggested the possibility that vitamin E deficiency permits the damaging effects of lipid peroxidation on biological membranes.View full abstractDownload PDF (2586K) -
YOICHI IWASAKI, SEIKI ITO, AKIRA SHIBATA1980 Volume 130 Issue 2 Pages 129-137
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA specific radioimmunoassay (RIA) for neurotensin (NT) has been developed. Four antisera of high avidity were raised in 4 rabbits immunized with synthetic NT tridecapeptide coupled with bovine serum albumin via glutaraldehyde. NT was labeled with Na125I by means of modified Hunter-Greenwood's chloramine-T method. Sensitivity of the RIA was 100 pg/ml. Cross-reactivity of antiserum to other peptides was not observed. Using the RIA, the distribution and concentration of gastrointestinal (GI)-NT have been determined in acid-acetone extracts of rat and dog GI tissues. RIA using four kinds of antisera similarly detected higher concentrations in jejuno-ileal sections than in other regions. Although the distribution of GI-NT was quite similar between rat and dog, its concentration showed species specific difference.View full abstractDownload PDF (494K) -
MASAO SHIBATA, BUNJI YASUDA1980 Volume 130 Issue 2 Pages 139-142
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNew experimental congenital diabetic mice were obtained in the descendants of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Diabetes was developed by the administration of strepotozotocin in normal adult I. C. R. mice, and then these mice were mated to obtain the F1 mice. The F1 mice with impaired glucose tolerance were mated within the siblings. The same process was repeated over several generations. The diabetic features of the spontaneously diabetic mice thus obtained were as follows: 1) The mice did not show a tendency toward obesity. 2) Glucose tolerance of these mice, especially after the F6 generation, was remarkably impaired. However, the elevation of the fasting blood glucose level was slight throughout the generations. We propose to designate the congenital diabetic mice as the N. S. Y. (Nagoya, Shibata, Yasuda) mice. The N. S. Y. mice are considered to be useful models for human diabetes.View full abstractDownload PDF (211K) -
KUNIO NAKASHIMA, MACHIKO OHTSUKI, SYOZO TUBOI1980 Volume 130 Issue 2 Pages 143-152
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFructose 1, 6-bisphosphate aldolase [EC 4.1.2.13] in rat liver was found to be bound to the intracellular membraneous structures such as microsomes and nuclear membranes when the animals were fasted for 48hr or administered tryptophan. Upon refeeding the rats the aldolase was released into the cytosol. The membrane-bound aldolase was almost inactive, showing about 50-fold larger Km and a smaller Vmax (37%) as compared with those of the free enzyme. The enzyme was released cooperatively from the membrane by exposure to fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate, glyceraldehyde 3-phos-phate or dihydroxyacetone phosphate at low concentrations. Apparent desorption constants (Kd, concentrations necessary for 50% desorption of enzyme) for fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate of the enzymes bound to microsomes, mitochondria and nuclei were estimated to be 8×10-6, 6.1×10-6, and 4.8×10-6M, respectively, at pH 7.3. With the microsome-bound enzyme, Kd values of 3.9×10-4, 4.1×10-4, 2.7×10-3, 1.1×10-2 and 2.0×10-2 M were obtained for glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, dihydroxyacetone phosphate, fructose 1-phosphate, fumarate, and KCl, respectively. Strong cooperativities were observed in the enzyme desorption by the substances which showed large Ka values.View full abstractDownload PDF (563K) -
TADASHI UESATO1980 Volume 130 Issue 2 Pages 153-158
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLevels of carbonic anhydrase B and C isozymes (CA B and CA C) of the hemolysates of 223 normal pregnant and 49 normal puerperal women were determined by means of single radial immunodiffusion. CA activity and progesterone in the blood of the women were also tested. The CA B level was almost the same as the control level, 13.5±1.7 mg/g Hb, in the first trimester, then slightly but significantly increased from the middle of the second trimester (p<0.02), reached the maximum, 17.2±2.6 mg/g Hb (p<0.001), in the last of the pregnancy, and reduced slightly in the puerperium. The average CA B level of a single erythrocyte significantly increased from the middle of the second trimester and amounted to 0.50±0.09 pg (p<0.001) in the last of the pregnancy. A significant increase of the CA C level and the CA activity was found from the last of the second trimester (p<0.001). The CA B level of the hemolysates of the pregnant women correlated with serum progesterone (r=0.557, p<0.001), and the hemolysate CA activity correlated with the CA B (r=0.766, p<0.001) and CA C levels (r=0.709, p<0.001). It seems that increased CA in pregnancy plays an important part in gaseous exchange across the placenta.View full abstractDownload PDF (382K) -
HIROTAKA ARAKI, TERUO MISHINA, KEIICHI MIYAKODA, TERUFUMI FUJIWARA, TO ...1980 Volume 130 Issue 2 Pages 159-164
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOne thousand two hundred and ten cases of prostatic cancer from the Annual of the Pathological Autopsy Cases in Japan (1958-1975) were collected and subjected to statistical studies. The number of deaths caused by prostatic cancer increased yearly. The age distribution showed a peak in 70-74 years. Neither particular diseases nor cancers were observed to be associated with prostatic cancer. The incidence of liver cirrhosis was significantly lower in prostatic cancer cases than in all male autopsy cases in the Annual. The lymphnodes, the bones and the lungs were the most frequent metastatic regions for prostatic cancer. Histologically, 85% of the cases were adenocarcinoma.View full abstractDownload PDF (312K) -
MINEO IWASA, KAORU SAGISAKA1980 Volume 130 Issue 2 Pages 165-173
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo isolate α2-macroglobulin from human plasma, complex of Canavalia lineata DC lectin and plasma was used as a starting material. The complex was solubilized with 0.08 M phosphate buffer pH 7.2 containing 0.9% NaCl and 0.02 M α-methyl-D-mannoside. The solution was applied onto a Bio gel A-5m column and eluted with solubilizing buffer. Of three peaks, only the second peak contained α2macroglobulin. After equilibrating with 0.06 M potassium phosphate buffer pH 6.8, the fraction was applied onto a hydroxylapatite column and eluted with the same buffer. The eluate was confirmed to be extremely pure α2-macroglobulin; immunoelectrophoresis with anti-human serum produced a single precipitation line, and SDS disc electropho-resis gave a single band at α-globulin region. Few differences in carbohydrate composition between this preparation and those prepared by other methods were observed. By this method, about 45% of armacroglobulin present in plasma was recovered.View full abstractDownload PDF (2635K) -
TSUNEO SUZUKI, SEIICHI KASHIMURA, KAZUO UMETSU1980 Volume 130 Issue 2 Pages 175-182
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCPK and MDK isozyme patterns of the heart muscle in cases of sudden death were studied to investigate the relationship between their changes and the causes of death. In most of death cases from violence, asphyxia, natural disease and poisoning, the percentage of CPK-MB was about 23-34% of the total CPK, and that of MDHm was about 35-50% of the total MDH. In a few death cases of coronary sclerosis and hypertrophy of the heart, the percentages of CPK-MB and MDHm decreased. The percentages of CPK-MB and MDHm in neonates were less than those in adults and they were about 7-15% and 25-34% of the total CPK and MDH, respectively. In more than half of the cases of both cardiac death from unknown cause and cot death, the average percentages of CPK-MB and MDHm decreased significantly. The findings of CPK and MDH isozyme patterns in cases of cardiac death from unknown cause and cot death suggest that there are some similar changes in many other kinds of heart enzymes in these cases.View full abstractDownload PDF (457K) -
JIN-ICHI KAMEYAMA, TAKESHI SEKINE, TOSHIO SATO1980 Volume 130 Issue 2 Pages 183-188
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOn the basis of the study of gastric pepsin secretion before and after operation for duodenal ulcer, the assessment of the completeness of vagotomy and the selection of operation were attempted. Vagotomy with pyloroplasty that results in a postoperative peak pepsin output (PPO) after insulin stimulation of less than 100 mg tyrosine/hr may well be considered as representing complete vagotomy. In view of the evaluation of ulcer recurrence, this criterion was confirmed to be a more reliable index compared with the criteria based upon gastric acid secretion. Therefore, concerning the selection of operation for duodenal ulcer on the basis of gastric pepsin secretion, we propose the following criteria: Vagotomy with pyloroplasty should be indicated for patients with an insulin-stimulated preoperative PPO less than 500 mg tyrosine/hr ; vagotomy with hemigastrectomy for those with 500-1250 mg tyrosine/hr; and distal gastrectomy such as Billroth I operation for those with over 1250 mg tyrosine/hr.View full abstractDownload PDF (326K) -
TOYOHARU ISAWA, TOMIO HIRANO, TAKEO TESHIMA, KIYOSHI KONNO1980 Volume 130 Issue 2 Pages 189-197
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAcute effect of a short-term exposure to cigarette smoke on mucociliary clearance mechanism was studied in 69 anesthetized dogs. A tracer material, 99mTc-MAA (macroaggregated albumin), was placed in the right main bronchus near the carina 2 min after completion of exposure and its migration distance on the tracheal mucosa with time was assessed by a scintil-lation camera, and the mean migrating velocity (MMV) was calculated. The average MMV values were 12.0±1.0 (mean±S. E. ) mm/min in the control dogs, while the values were 11.6±1.5, 8.3±2.2, 3.3±0.8, and 4.2±2.3 mm/min in the dogs which smoked 1, 3, 5 and 8 cigarettes, indicating that there was an inverse correlationship between the number of cigarettes smoked and the MMV values. When cigarette smoke was filtered through a glass fiber filter, the average MMV values were 7.0±0.5 and 1.3±0.9 mm/min in the dogs which smoked 5 and 8 cigarettes respectively, suggesting that once the number of cigarettes amounted to eight, even cigarette smoke filtered through a glass fiber filter was as detrimental to the mucociliary clearance mechanism as the non-filtered cigarette smoke.View full abstractDownload PDF (545K) -
MASAO ENDOH, TERUYUKI YANAGISAWA, NORIO TAIRA1980 Volume 130 Issue 2 Pages 199-201
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of a potent coronary vasodilator, SG-75, on the purified cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase of the bovine heart was compared with that of papaverine. SG-75 inhibited the phosphodiesterase activity in a competitive manner, the IC50 being 10 mM. SG-75 was approximately 300 times less potent than papaverine in inhibiting the phosphodiesterase activity. Thus, it is unlikely that the phosphodiesterase inhibition by SG-75 is involved in its vasodilator action.View full abstractDownload PDF (188K) -
TADASHI HARADA, FUMIKAZU SAKAMOTO, MAKOTO SUZUKI, SEIGI TSUCHIDA1980 Volume 130 Issue 2 Pages 203-204
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe perfused dog kidney was used for a study of the relationship between renin secretion and renal pelvic pressure. The kidney was completely isolated and perfused with perfluorochemical emulsion. During the elevation of renal pelvic pressure, renin secretion rate increased from 0.93±0.43 to 5.54±1.57 ng/g min, perfusion flow rate decreased temporarily and recovered within a few minutes.View full abstractDownload PDF (122K) -
SHUICHI ISHIDA, TAKESHI SASAKI, SEIJU ONODERA, KAORU YOSHINAGA1980 Volume 130 Issue 2 Pages 205-206
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIgG immune deposits in glomerular lesions were found in 62% of 4-week-old mice born from anti-DNA antibody positive mothers but not in the mice born from anti-DNA antibody negative ones. In the former mice anti-DNA antibody producing cells could not be detected in spite of the presence of antibody. These results indicate that maternal anti-DNA anti-body might be responsible for the development of glomerular lesions in the offspr-ings. Renal lesions, however, was not observed in the 2- to 3-month-old mice indicating that permanent lesions were not induced by this transient maternal antibody.View full abstractDownload PDF (785K) -
MINORU IGARASHI, MAKOTO SEIJI1980 Volume 130 Issue 2 Pages 207-208
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA biochemical study was carried out on acidic glycosaminoglycans in the cultured skin fibroblasts obtained from a patient with epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica dominans. Acidic glycosaminoglycans were separated from fibroblasts and medium, and subjected to quantitative and qualitative analyses by cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis, column chromatography and gel filtration. It was found that hyaluronic acid and dermatan sulfate were slightly increased in epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica dominans in comparison with the normal control.View full abstractDownload PDF (151K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|