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Volume 74 (1961)
- Issue 4 Pages 339-
- Issue 3 Pages 235-
- Issue 2 Pages 113-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 74, Issue 1
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Chromosome in the Human-and Mouse-leukemia and Virus-like Particles in the Leukemic TissueIsamu Awano, Fukumi Tsuda, Shin Toshima, Kazuhiko Kokubun1961 Volume 74 Issue 1 Pages 1-17
Published: June 25, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have studied the chromosome in human- and mouse-leukemia and made a further investigation into the normal somatic chromosome in order to compare the normal complex with the chromosome condition in leukemic cells. Further, we have performed a search of virus within the leukemic tissue in the human- and mouse-leukemia to throw light on the causes of the change in karyotype of leukemia. The major conclusion obtained from the present study are summarized as follows:
1) The somatic chromosorrme number of normal C 58 mice was 40 in every cell and the chromosome pattern was found to be entirely composed of rod-shaped chromosomes. In our mouse leukemia the basic chromosome number was also 40, but it showed a variation ranging from 32 to 43, and chromosome pattern was found to be also entirely composed of rod-shaped chromosomes.
However, in the leukemic cells the dotlike chromosome (very short rodshaped one) which is never found in the somatic cells is to be seen, and one of the medium sized chromosome undergone a change in chemical structure, that is to say, it does not get stained with acetic orcein at the intermediate part of its arm and so the arm of this chromosome looks as if it were cut in two.
2) The normal somatic chromosome number of human adults is determined as 46 in both sexes, though there is a variation ranging from 40 to 50, and also there are found a few cells which show polyploid number and polypolar division. The normal somatic human complex consists of 22 pairs of homolognous chromosome and a pair of sex-element and the X-element represented by a large L-shaped chromosome having a submedian centromere, while the smaller one does the Y-element.
The stemline chromosome number in leukemic cells varies with each of the cases of the nryelogenous leukemia, and this is not only 46 but also 44 or 45.
But the chromosome in human leukemia is nearly identical both in number and in pattern with that of the somatic human cells. However, the large L-shaped chromosome corresponding to the X-element disappears in most leukemic cells and an increase of rod-shaped chromosome is very frequently to be seen.
3) We could observe the virus-like particles in the leukemic tissue of the mouse leukemia and of a human leukemia. Hence, there is possibility that the change in chromosome in these mouse- and human-leukemia may be due to virus, but this is not yet determined at present.View full abstractDownload PDF (2475K) -
Keiya Tada, Haruo Mizuno1961 Volume 74 Issue 1 Pages 18-27
Published: June 25, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) A case of congenital nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia was reported. A metabolic abnormality in the erythrocytes from the patient was demonstrated, consisting of a low content of reduced glutathione, an abnormality in the reduced glutathione stability test, and a low activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. These abnormalities were also found in the erythrocytes from the mother to a milder degree, while there was no abnormalities in the erythrocytes from the father. This is the first case in Japan, of this type of hemolytic anemia in which an enzymatic anomaly of the erythrocytes was demonstrated.
2) The treatment with large dose of vitamin B12 brought about a relief from jaundice, when an increase of reduced glutathione content in the erythrocytes and an improvement of reduced glutathione instability were observed, although the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the erythrocytes remained in a constantly low level.
3) The in-vitro effect of vitamin B12 on gulcose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase was investigated. The relationship between vitamin B12 and glutathione metabolism was discussed.
4) Genetic mode of the disease was discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (580K) -
Masakuni Suzuki, Katsuyuki Takahashi, Yuzo Murakami1961 Volume 74 Issue 1 Pages 28-36
Published: June 25, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe studied the effects of gonadotropin on the biosynthesis of sex hormones in the sex glands and it was shown that gonadotropin accelerates the biochemical reactions producing sex steroids in the sex glandsView full abstractDownload PDF (1730K) -
Tatsuo Sato, Kaoru Yoshinaga, Nozomu Ishida, Chuichi Itoh, Yasuo Wada1961 Volume 74 Issue 1 Pages 37-42
Published: June 25, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS(1) A very rapid and simple method for screening pheochromocytoma was described.
(2) This method was based on a characteristic color reaction of the catecholamine metabolites, VMA, MA and NMA, to diazotized p-nitroaniline.View full abstractDownload PDF (313K) -
Takashi Nakamura, Tomohiro Kanazawa, Nobumitsu Takahashi1961 Volume 74 Issue 1 Pages 43-57
Published: June 25, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) To examine the effect of insulin on the myocardial electrolytes the isolated heart of a toad was immersed in the insulin-glucose-Ringer's solution, and potassium and sodium contents of the solution were determined with time by use of a flamephotometory. Potassium content decreased with time. As to sodium, however, no uniform change was observed. This finding shows that the heart took up potassium from the surrounding solution in the presence of insulin and glucose.
2) Another study was performed on the electrocardiographic effect of potassium solution on a heart treated with insulin and glucose. The ventricular surface of a toad was applied continuously with the insulin-glucose-Ringer's solution, the heart was covered with potassium solutions of various concentrations, and the direct unipolar electrocardiogram was taken.
3) Immediately and soon after the administration of the insulin-glucose-Ringer's solution, the ST-elevation was obtained by 6-7 mEq/L potassium solution, which always produces it in the normal intact heart. As time passed, the ST-elevation was not produced by 6-7 mEq/L potassium solution. It was necessary to use samples of higher concentration in order to produce the ST-elevation as the course progressed. After the cessation of the insulin-glucose-Ringer's solution, the threshold value of potassium concentration to produce the ST-elevation returned gradually to the previous normal level.
4) These findings may be explained by the supposition that the intracellular potassium is gradually increased after the administration of the insulin-Ringer's solution and is decreasing after the cessation. In the case of the increased myocardial potassium, the ratio of intra- to extracellular potassium plays an important role in the ST-deviation.
5) When the threshold value rose, the ST-depression was noted immediately if the normal Ringer's solution was used. This electrocardiographic finding may be taken for an electrocardiogram of the increased myocardial potassium when the external is normal.View full abstractDownload PDF (850K) -
Suteyo Yagi, Goro Mikami1961 Volume 74 Issue 1 Pages 58-64
Published: June 25, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) An inert electrode at the application of one volt or less, referring to an unpolarized electrode as the anode, could be polarized in the aqueous solution by the hydrogen ions and depolarized by the dissolved oxygen, becoming of an oxygen electrode.
2) We examined the applicability of the oxygen electrode to the beating dog heart.
3) The depolarizing currents of about 10-8 ampère in a tiny platinum electrode of open tip type at the oxygen electrode were amplified to make continuous recordings possible. It seemed that they could represent the polarographic oxygen tensions (Sayen et al) in living cardiac tissues, because of the presence of the plateau in the polarogram in vivo and the expected responsiveness of our oxygen electrodes in beating dog hearts to anoxia.View full abstractDownload PDF (712K) -
Kôzô Ishiguro, Satoru Kobayashi, Shoji Kaneta1961 Volume 74 Issue 1 Pages 65-68
Published: June 25, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe blood pantothenic acid levels of 78 farm-villagers aged 30-69 yr. (37 males and 41 females) were estimated and were found to fall with advancing age. This tendency was more marked for females than for males.View full abstractDownload PDF (165K) -
Zensaku Yosizawa1961 Volume 74 Issue 1 Pages 69-75
Published: June 25, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (263K) -
Eiichi Iwai, Keiki Oikawa, Koiti Motokawa1961 Volume 74 Issue 1 Pages 76-87
Published: June 25, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHue shift with intensity (Bezold-Brücke phenomenon) was investigated from a new angle, by measuring the electrical. excitability of the eye after a brief exposure to monochromatic light. The time-course of electrical excitability changed when the wave-length was varied and also when the intensity of the stimulus light of one and the same wave-length was altered. By comparison of both effects it was possible to express the intensity effect in terms of wavelengths. The results were compared with those obtained by Purdy with the method of hue matching, and satisfactory agreement was found between them.View full abstractDownload PDF (588K) -
Katsuji Kushima1961 Volume 74 Issue 1 Pages 88-104
Published: June 25, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (3441K) -
Kaoru Yoshinaga, Chuichi Itoh, Nozomu Ishida, Tatsuo Sato, Yasuo Wada1961 Volume 74 Issue 1 Pages 105-112
Published: June 25, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. A method of measuring the concentrations of M and NM in human urine was described.
2. The normal human excretes daily 100_??_300 μg. of M and almost the same amount of NM in the urine. The concentrations of M and NM in the urine from patients with Graves' disease, essential hypertension, primary aldosteronism and Parkinsonism were within the normal ragne.
3. The concentrations of M and NM in the urine from patients with phaeochromocytoma were abnormally high.View full abstractDownload PDF (377K)
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