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Volume 66 (1957)
- Issue 3-4 Pages 205-
- Issue 2 Pages 107-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 66, Issue 3-4
Displaying 1-19 of 19 articles from this issue
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Makoto Kobayashi1957 Volume 66 Issue 3-4 Pages 205-213
Published: October 25, 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSElectrical thresholds for appearance and disappearance of electric flicker were measured, and the difference of the two values was denoted by ΔS. The values of ΔS were measured before and after a standard load exercise, a step test lasting several minutes.
A method was devised to find the time required for causing a least significant increase in ΔS by the standard load. The time so measured was designated a LET (least effective time). LETs were measured in 80 healthy adults and 210 patients suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis.
1. In the experiment on normals, any sex difference could not be found concerning LET.
2. Daily variations of LET were not so significant.
3. The distribution curve of LETs for male inpatients occupied. a position intermediate between that for male outpatients and that for female inpatients.
4. A high correlation could be found between LET and the degree of rest cure, the number of months after a chest operation, or the pulmonary capacity.
5. LETs showed close correlation to various clinical signs such as sedimentation rates of blood corpuscles, roentgenograms of the chest, etc.
It was concluded from these findings that the LET serves as an excellent indicator for recovery of the physical strength in patients.View full abstractDownload PDF (433K) -
Tadashi Kohata, Masayoshi Wake, Hironobu Hamada1957 Volume 66 Issue 3-4 Pages 215-224
Published: October 25, 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMechanical pressure of variable intensities was applied to the eyeball, to study its effect upon the electrical excitability of the human eye, and upon the ERG. The electrical excitability was measured with electrical phosphenes as an index.
1. The electrical excitability was lowered by 5, 25, 45 and 55 per cent under pressure of 50, 100, 200 and 300g., respectively in 15 seconds. The decrease caused by each pressure was not steadily progressive, but took place in two steps; the first decrease happened within 4 seconds and the second at 7 seconds from the onset of pressure.
2. It is known that the electrical excitability shows a temporary rise following an illumination. This effect of light was found to be abolished by pressure of about 200g.
3. The time taken for the electrical excitability to reach a maximum is different according to the wave-length of the light used for illumination. This color effect disappeared under pressure of about 200g.
4. In the experiments mentioned above, pressure was applied to a doughnut-shaped disc which was held in contact with the eyelids, the outer and the inner diameters of the disc being 25mm. and 18mm. respectively. Therefore it was necessary to compare the data obtained in this way with those obtained by other methods. Pressure values of 30 and 50g. in Bailliart's dynamometer were found to be equivalent to 130 and 230g. in our apparatus. The retinal arterial blood pressure was found 85g. with the dynamometer, and 480g. with our appratus.
5. ERGs of our subjects suffered from marked reduction under dynamometric pressure of 30g.
6. From these findings it was concluded that the observed decrease in the electrical excitability of the eye and especially the abolition of the color effect were due to local asphyxia caused by pressure.View full abstractDownload PDF (484K) -
Kouki Ikeda1957 Volume 66 Issue 3-4 Pages 225-231
Published: October 25, 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (386K) -
Report I On Keratinomyces ajelloi Isolated from Soil in JapanMiyoko Kominaxni1957 Volume 66 Issue 3-4 Pages 233-237
Published: October 25, 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. By means of Dr. Vanbreuseghem's method, three strains of keratinolytic mold were isolated from the stable soils of Ueno-Zoo in Tokyo.
2. These strains were identified as Keratinomyces ajelloi Vanbreuseghem.
3. It was proved that the strains have a negative fermentation reaction.View full abstractDownload PDF (899K) -
Tadashi Kohata1957 Volume 66 Issue 3-4 Pages 239-250
Published: October 25, 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe electrical excitability of the dark-adapted eye is increased following an illumination. The effect of a white test light to increase the electrical excitability is remarkably modified when it is preceded by a condition-ing colored light. This modification is measured by the difference between the effect of the white light preceded by colored one and that of the white test light alone. When the conditioning and the test stimuli illuminate successively one and the same retinal area, the effect is called direct induction. It is called indirect induction, when adjacent areas are illumi-nated by the two lights.
1. It was shown that direct induction was little affected when the eye was repeatedly excited by strong white light in the interval between the conditioning and the test lights.
2. Direct or indirect induction was shown to be very sensitive to a mechanical pressure applied to the eyeball. A pressure of 50g. was found to be sufficient to abolish the induction when it was applied to the eye in the interval between the conditioning and the test lights. A pressure of 480g. just stopped the pulsation at the central retinal artery.
3. The depressant effect of a mechanical pressure upon retinal induction outlasted the pressure. Complete recovery occurred in 6, 7 and 10.5 seconds after removal of pressure, 50, 100 and 200g. respectively.
4. Simultaneous color contrast was produced by the method of colored shadows, and its susceptibility to mechanical pressure was investigated. In three of four subjects colored shadows were selectively abolished by a mechanical pressure applied to the eyeball when the intensity of inducing colored light was not too high.
5. The inhibitory effect of mechanical pressure was interpreted as due to anoxia caused by reduction of the rate of blood flow in the retinal capillaries, as was evidenced by entoptic observations of the retinal blood flow.View full abstractDownload PDF (560K) -
CCV. Mucopolysaccharides and Mucoproteins in Pig Lung First Paper: Glucidamins and a Molisch-positive MucopolysaccharideKatuhiko Tokita1957 Volume 66 Issue 3-4 Pages 251-262
Published: October 25, 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. Three glucidamins and one mucopolysaccharide were isolated from fresh pig lungs in electrophoretically homogeneous or almost homogeneous state.
2. The glucidamins are composed of galactosamine, glucosamine, galactose, mannose, L-fucose, sialic acid and 14 or more amino acids, and the mucopolysaccharide of galactosamine, glucosamine, galactose, glucose, mannose, L-fucose, xylose and/or lyxose, sialic acid, aspartic and glutamic acids, glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, leucine and/or isoleucine, proline and arginine.
3. Such physical properties as solubility, precipitability, ultraviolet absorptivity, optical rotatory power and electrophoretic mobility and blood group activity of the preparations were also examined.View full abstractDownload PDF (920K) -
XXVI. Fractionation of Group Lipid Mixtures of Pig Stomach and Pig Lung by Precipitin ReactionHaruo Numabe1957 Volume 66 Issue 3-4 Pages 263-279
Published: October 25, 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. A group lipid mixture AO (Lipids AO) was preparea from pig stomachs and a mixture BO (Lipid BO) from pig lungs, and group-specific lipids A and O (Lipid A and Lipid O) were isolated from the former mixture by the aid of anti-A and anti-O sera and group-specific lipid B (Lipid B) from the latter by the aid of an anti-B serum.
2. Lipids AO, BO, A, O and B proved 'all electrophoretically homogeneous. The boundaries of the group-specific lipids (A, O and B) migrated with mobilities practically identical with those of their respective materials Lipids AO and BO.
3. Lipids A and O had the same solubility as Lipid AO, and Lipid B the same solubility as Lipid BO.
4. Test-tube tests resulted same among the substances.
5. The group-specific lipids A, O and B proved to be made up of the same components qualitatively as well as quantitatively as their respective materials (AO and BO) from which they had been separated, in so far as was examined.
6. These findings affirm our belief that those group-specific lipids are chemical entities but not mixtures of lipid and group mucopolysaccharide. In addition, the individual occurrence of substances A, B and O but not of substances AO and BO has been established concerning the group lipids of the present kind.View full abstractDownload PDF (1167K) -
Shigetomi Nakai, Haruhiko Hayashi, Gen-ichiro Arakawa, Hirofumi Fujimo ...1957 Volume 66 Issue 3-4 Pages 281-292
Published: October 25, 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. By the method of weighing given in paragraph 1), investigations were made on the physical nature of the floating sphere used in the N-N's density-meter: on the sensitivity for the density, on the effect of variation of the atmospheric pressure and on the effect of variation of the temperature of liquid. It is proved that the N-N's density-meter is of high sensitivity, which allows one to measure the difference of density 0.0001g/cm3 of liquid easily, provided that high purity of water used for dilution and the constancy of the temperature of liquid are ascertained (Paragraph 2)).
2. The density of NaCl-solution was measured by the weighing method over the temperature range 10-30°C. The density measured for NaCl-solution was found to be the same as the density of the mixture of blood and water measured by Nakai, over the temperature range 10-30°C (Paragraph 3)).
3. The method of N-N's density-meter was elucidated by a measure-ment of the density of blood, taking the thermal effects into consideration (Paragraph 4)). A reduction chart, which enables us to obtain the density at 15°C from the reading of the density-meter measured at temperatures other than 15°C. is nresented (Paragra.nh 5)).View full abstractDownload PDF (501K) -
Kaneyoshi Akazaki1957 Volume 66 Issue 3-4 Pages 293-306
Published: October 25, 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1695K) -
Masayuki Shindo, Shoji Shibatani1957 Volume 66 Issue 3-4 Pages 307-316
Published: October 25, 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. A case of congenital myelogenous leukemia diagnosed on 22 nd day of birth was described. The clinical picture began with subcutaneous and umbilical hemorrhages. Fever remained slight through the whole course.
2. Hematologically there were a number of peculiar features: The case presented no anemia and no acceleration of sedimentation rate. Platelets, however, decreased to a count of 74, 000, bleeding time being prolonged to 17 minutes and coagulation time also prolonged considerably. The white count was between 100, 000 and 150, 000 and myeloblasts were of 72.5% of the count at the commencement. Peroxidase reaction was negative in 80% of the myeloblasts and remained so up to the death. Eosinophiles and basophiles increased in number.
3. Marrow examination showed that myeloblasts occurred in 74.8% of all cells. The other features of the marrow morphology was more or less reflexed in the blood picture
4. All the Japanese cases of congenital leukemia hitherto reported were tabulated, our own case being the 6 th one.
5. Our own case was principally treated with ACTH and blood trans-fusion, but no remission occurred. The patient died with dyspnoea and increasing cyanose on the 33 rd day of birth.View full abstractDownload PDF (482K) -
Mitsuru Kameyama1957 Volume 66 Issue 3-4 Pages 317-326
Published: October 25, 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSElectric flicker values or ΔS were measured during and after rotatory stimulation, and it was found that ΔS increases remarkably at the onset and cessation of a rotation.
1. The threshold rotatory stimulus which caused a significant increase in ΔS at a 5 percent level was a rotation at a rate of 9° per second.
2. The duration of after-nystagmus and the value of ΔS measured immediately after cessation of a rotation changed almost in parallel as the speed of rotation was varied, but ΔS was found a little more sensitive to rotatory stimulation than was the after-nystagmus which was measured either by inspection or by an electronystagmograph.
3. ΔS values were measured in various positions of the body in space, and it was found that ΔS depended very little on the position.
From these experiments it was concluded that the electric flicker value is remarkably influenced by stimulation of the semicircular canals, but very little by stimulation of the utriculus and the sacculus.View full abstractDownload PDF (451K) -
Kiichiro Suzuki, Juzaburo Umetsu, Makoto Kobayashi, Mitsuru Kameyama1957 Volume 66 Issue 3-4 Pages 327-331
Published: October 25, 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy means of Motokawa's method of electric flicker, we measured for 50 minutes the variation of electric flicker values of 9 subjects after opium alkaloid injections, of 3 subjects after analgetic (benadryl and phenobarbit-al) injection and of 5 subjects after 15% alcohol drinking. In some cases selective reaction time (SRT) was measured in parallel.
1. After the opium alkaloid injections and alcohol drinking, the values of EF and SRT increased gradually, reached a maximum about 30 minutes after an injection or alcohol drinking, and decreased to the initial value in about 60 minutes.
2. In case of benadryl and phenobarbital injections, no significant change of electric flicker values and selective reaction time could be found.
3. In some subjects the alcohol content of the blood was measured together with EF and it was found that both changed almost in parallel.View full abstractDownload PDF (242K) -
Seventh Paper: On ProteinsHirosi Yosizaki1957 Volume 66 Issue 3-4 Pages 333-349
Published: October 25, 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. A protein insoluble at pH 5.0 (Protein I), a protein insoluble at pH 5.8 (Protein II), a protein insoluble at pH 6.0 (Protein III), a protein precipitable at 2/5 saturation with ammonium sulfate of its solution (Protein IV) and a protein precipitable at 1/2 saturation with ammonium sulfate of its solution (Protein V) were separated in electrophoretically _??_ homogeneous state.
2. Proteins I-II were found to contain aspartic and glutamic acids, serine glycine, threonine, alanine, tyrosine, leucine and/or isoleucine, valine and/or methionine, proline, lysine; histidine and arginine, and the Molisch-positive proteins III-V to contain phenylalanine and hexosamine in addition.
3. Quantitative composition of the proteins was determined. It is to be remarked that all of them are extraordinarily rich in proline.
4. The proteins were also examined regarding solubility, precipi-tability, ultraviolet absorption and relative viscosity.
5. The experiments of Tanaka and others revealed that, in pregnant rabbits, Proteins I-III cause liver lesion and Protein IV kidney lesion, Protein I, III and IV increase of blood pressure, Protein I decrease of urinary secretion and Proteins III-V rise of chloride ion concentration in subcutaneous tissue fluid, suggesting close connection of the proteins with the occurrence of pregnancy toxemia.
6. The proteins generally do not give the positive precipitin reaction with sera of pregnant women including pregnancy-toxemia patients.
7. Protein I and III showed tendency of giving more intensive skin reaction in pregnancy toxemia- and uterus cancer-patients, Protein II in puerperal women and uterus cancer patients and Protein IV in normal-pregnant women and pregnancy toxemia- and uterus cancer-patients than in the non-pregnant women.View full abstractDownload PDF (1079K) -
CCVI. Mucopolysaccharides and Mucoproteins in Pig Lung Second Paper: Hexuronic Acid-containing MucopolysaccharidesKatuhiko Tokita1957 Volume 66 Issue 3-4 Pages 351-361
Published: October 25, 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFrom fresh pig lungs (parenchyma) were isolated three hexuronic acid-containing mucopolysaccharides ordinary heparin, most probable β-heparin and chondroitinsulfuric acid.
Through the Grant Committee for Scientific Researches the Ministry of Education gave a grant in aid to us, which is gratefully acknowledged. H. Masamune.View full abstractDownload PDF (1511K) -
Part. I. An Experimental Study on Interruption of the Ascending AortaTakao Takahashi1957 Volume 66 Issue 3-4 Pages 363-370
Published: October 25, 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn case the ascending aorta is interrupted, the clamped site will rupture prior to heart failure due to rapid overload on the heart regardless under normo or hypothermia.
Under severe hypothermia, it will, however, tolerate long cessation due to remarkable decrease of burden on the heart. Most of the cases could be successfully resuscitated after the aorta alone is interrupted or the inflow and outflow tract are -both obstructed at the same time. In case the ascending aorta is divided and reanastomosed, performance of operation is difficult and the main fatal cause is massive bleeding from the anastomosis.View full abstractDownload PDF (1308K) -
Part H. Transplantation of the Aortic Arch under Severe Hypothermia (Rectal Temperature 18.5°-14°C)Takao Takahashi1957 Volume 66 Issue 3-4 Pages 371-378
Published: October 25, 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe author transplanted the aortic arch with homologus grafts under long cessation of the blood flow from the heart as one of the applications of severe hypothermia which is presently studied by Watanabe et al. at this clinic. The blood flow of the heart was interrupted for a long time, 60-140 minutes, at rectal temperature 18.5°-14°C. Five of 18 survived the operation with successful outcome. Anastomosis could be carried out without tension and fear of massive blood loss, and it had the advantage to perform careful operation.View full abstractDownload PDF (2552K) -
Eiichi Onodera1957 Volume 66 Issue 3-4 Pages 379-387
Published: October 25, 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy the method of electro-stimulation, the magnitude of indirect retinal induction was measured at various parts of the human retina.
1. The magnitude of the indirect retinal induction was found greatest at about 10° from the fovea. This fact might be correlated witn the psy-chological fact that color contrast can most easily be perceived in the parafoveal region of the retina.
2. The capacity to produce the indirect induction is great for red and green lights in the neighbourhood of the fovea, and for yellow and blue lights at the periphery of the retina.
3. The contrast effect increases in proportion to the logarithm of the intensity of colored light above a critical intensity, below which no induction takes place. The threshold of contrast effect is higher than the threshold of color effect.
4. Around the blind spot there is a zone in which no retinal induction takes place, but white sensations occur.View full abstractDownload PDF (491K) -
K. Motokawa, T. Kohata, M. Komatsu, S. Chichibu, Y. Koga, T. Kasai1957 Volume 66 Issue 3-4 Pages 389-404
Published: October 25, 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of ionizing radiation was investigated upon the electrical threshold of the eye as determined with electrical phosphenes as an index. The present experiment dates back to a chance observation that an enor-mous increase in electrical threshold of the eye and a conspicuous rise in standard deviation of threshold values occurred after a fluorography of the chest and continued for several days.
1. In 10 normal subjects, who were beginners in such measurements, definitely positive responses were obtained to X-ray irradiation with a dose of 50 mr.
2. It was found that the standard deviation in percentage of the mean of thresholds was a better indicator of the effect of radiation than the threshold value itself. This measure was designated the “phosphene index” and denoted by Pi.
3. The phosphene index was found decidedly higher in a group of 21 X-ray-technicians and physicians than in the control group of as many university students.
4. The time-course of the effect was investigated after momentary exposure to 50 mr, and two phases, acute and chronic, were distinguished. The acute effect lasted for a few days, declining rapidly. A residual effect of several per cent of the maximum remained for over 10 days (chronic phase).
5. There was an approximately linear relationship between the maximum acute effect and the logarithm of the applied dose within a range from 1 mr to 50 mr.View full abstractDownload PDF (842K) -
1957 Volume 66 Issue 3-4 Pages e1
Published: 1957
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (20K)
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