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Volume 149 (1986)
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- Issue 2 Pages 107-
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Volume 149, Issue 1
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
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TSUNEO KAIHOH, TAKAYUKI MASUDA, NOBUAKI SASANO, TOHRU TAKAHASHI1986 Volume 149 Issue 1 Pages 1-10
Published: 1986
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSKAIHOH, T., MASUDA, T., SASANO, N. and TAKAHASHI, T. The Size and Number of Langerhans Islets Correlated with Their Endocrine Function: A Morphometry on Immunostained Serial Sections of Adult Human Pancreases. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1986, 149 (1), 1-10-Surgical and autopsy specimens of normal pancreas from three human adults were submitted to morphometry of Langerhans islets and so-called extrainsular islet cells, by measuring the islet radii on serial sections immunostained for either insulin or glucagon. All the islets contained in a test volume were measured including single cells, and the distribution of their radial sizes was studied. It was found that the distribution of islets was strongly skewed and continuous, with the majority of islets having radial values near to the minimum. From the fact that only one peak was found in the distribution curve, it is concluded that in spite of the distinction previously made between islets of Langerhans and so-called extra-islet cells, they are in fact both part of a continuous distribution. Moreover, the Weibull function, assumed as the theoretical distribution, fit well with the empirical histograms, giving support for the contention of continuous distribution with a single peak. Although the small islets account for a majority of the number of islets, they account for only a very small percentage of the islet volume. This is thought to indicate that the bulk of the endocrine functions of the pancreas are carried out by large islets, whereas the so-called extra-islet cells are likely to be their precursors. With regard to the cellular structure of the islets, it was found that the smaller the islet, the smaller the percentage of islets containing A cells, with the vast majority of cells in the smallest islets (often single cells) being B cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (1320K) -
YAHIRO UEMURA, KAZUMI FUKUYAMA, MASAYUKI NISHIDA, TADAKAZU SUYAMA, HIT ...1986 Volume 149 Issue 1 Pages 11-20
Published: 1986
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUEMURA, Y., FUKUYAMA, K., NISHIDA, M., SUYAMA, T. and OHORI, H. Establishment of Passive Hemagglutination Assay (PHA) System for Anti-HBc in Plasma. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1986, 149 (1), 11-20-A sensitive and specific assay system for anti-HBc, the passive hemagglutination (PHA) method, has been established. The reactivity of PHA cells prepared by conjugating purified recombinant HBcAg-particles with fixed sheep blood cells (SRBC) was highly specific to monoclonal- and polyclonal anti-HBc IgGs. The sensitivity of PHA method was higher than that of radioimmunoassay (RIA). However, uncertainty for the positivity of anti-HBc still remained in plasma with the PHA titers lower than 25. A relatively high ratio (19%, 37 of 196) of anti-HBc-positive plasma, which had been confirmed to be HBsAg negative, was demonstrated in blood donors whose bloods have been considered suitable for transfusion. The hazards of anti-HBc-positive bloods and the importance of anti-HBc detection in plasma are discussed in this paper.View full abstractDownload PDF (906K) -
NOBUAKI FURUHASHI, HIDEAKI KONO, MASUNORI HIRUTA, TOMOMI TAKAHASHI, MI ...1986 Volume 149 Issue 1 Pages 21-24
Published: 1986
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFURUHASHI, N., KONO, H., HIRUTA, M., TAKAHASHI, T., TANAKA, M., FUKAYA, T., SHINKAWA, O. and YAJIMA, A. Serum cortisol Levels in Pregnancy Induced Hypertension Patients. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1986, 149 (1), 21-24-We measured the serum cortisol levels in 15 normal and 8 pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) primigravidas. The normal pregnancy had a significant (p<0.05) higher cortisol level than that of PIH patient. Especially, 4 severe PIH patients had a significantly (p<0.05) lower cortisol level. The lower maternal cortisol level of PIH patients became more significant with the severity of clinical symptoms of PIH. After the onset of labor, the cortisol levels of PIH patients did not elevate compared with normal pregnancy. These data suggest that in the PIH patient the reactivity of the adrenal cortex to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) may be blunted or the cortisol production in the adrenal cortex may be decreased by the tissue circulation insufficiency due to PIH.View full abstractDownload PDF (310K) -
as Compared with Urinary Catecholamine MetabolitesKUMIKO HASHIMOTO, YOH-ICHI GOTOH, KEIYA TADA1986 Volume 149 Issue 1 Pages 25-30
Published: 1986
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHASHIMOTO, K., GOTOH, Y. and TADA, K. Serum Neuron-Specific Enolase as a Marker Useful for Monitoring the Effectiveness of Therapy in Patients with Neuroblastoma-as Compared with Urinary Catecholamine Metabolites. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1986, 149 (1), 25-30-Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in sera of 3 patients with neuroblastoma (Stage IV) were measured by radioimmunoassay, as compared with urinary catecholamine metabolites (vanillyl-mandelic acid (VMA) and homovanillic acid (HVA)) during the course of chemotherapy, radiation, and second look operation. In Case 1(Stage IV B) and Case 3 (Stage IV A), NSE level on admission was found to be elevated to 51.0ng/ml and 25.5ng/ml, respectively. VMA and HVA were also elevated. In Case 2 (Stage IV A), NSE on admission was elevated to 128.0ng/ml., HVA was high, but VMA was within normal range. From 1 to 3 weeks after chemotherapy and radiation, high levels of urinary VMA and/or HVA in patients promptly decreased within normal range. The size of primary tumor masses either showed no marked change or slightly decreased by radiological examinations. After intensive chemotherapy, high levels of serum NSE decreased within normal range. At that time, second look operations were carried out. The size of primary tumors was reduced (3.6×2.7×2.1cm in average) and almost all masses had scarred over. These data suggest that serum NSE levels correlate very well with residual tumor burdens.View full abstractDownload PDF (460K) -
TOMOHARU AKIBA, MASARU YOSHIKAWA, SHINSUKE OTAKI, YOKIO KOBAYASHI, MIT ...1986 Volume 149 Issue 1 Pages 31-37
Published: 1986
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAKIBA, T., YOSHIKAWA, M., OTAKI, S., KOBAYASHI, Y., NAKASATO, M., SUZUKI, H. and SATO, T. Echocardiographic Measurements of Left Ventricle in Normal Infants and Children. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1986, 149 (1), 31-37-Echocardiographic studies were performed on 110 normal infants and children ranging in age from 2 days to 15 years. The following parameters of the left ventricle were measured: left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic diameters (LVEDd and LVESd), shortening fraction (LVSF), end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), ejection fraction (LVEF), posterior wall thickness in end-diastole (LVPWED) and end-systole (LVPWES), mass (LVM), LVEDd/LVPWED, LVESd/LVPWES and mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (LV mean Vcf). Each parameter was compared with body surface area (BSA). LVEDd, LVESd, LVEDV, LVPWED, LVPWES and LVM were expressed as a function of body surface area with exponential equations: LVEDd=41.4 (BSA)0.49mm, LVESd=28.1 (BSA)0.49mm, LVEDV=74.1 (BSA)1.48ml, LVPWED=4.4 (BSA)0.45mm, LVPWES=9.2 (BSA)0.44mm and LVM=46.4 (BSA)1.48g. LVSF, LVEDd/ LVPWED, LVESd/LVPWES and LV mean Vcf were independent of body surface area: LVSF averaged 32±1 (mean±standard error of the mean)%, LVEF 68±1%, LVEDd/LVPWED 10.0±0.2, LVESd/LVPWES 3.1±0.1 and LV mean Vcf 1.08±0.02circ/sec. Thus, normal values of these parameters can be applied to estimate them in pediatric patients with heart diseases.View full abstractDownload PDF (596K) -
MASAO SHIBATA, TSUNEKI KISHI, BUNJI YASUDA, TSUNEHARU KUNO1986 Volume 149 Issue 1 Pages 39-46
Published: 1986
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSHIBATA, M., KISHI, T., YASUDA, B. and KUNO, T. The Inhibitory Effect of Lysozyme on the Glomerular Basement Membrane Thickening in Spontaneous Diabetic Mice (NSY Mice). Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1986, 149 (1), 39-46-Currently, there is no effective treatment for diabetic microangiopathy. We have been examining, therefore, the effects of lysozyme on the renal conditions of spontaneous diabetic mice (NSY mice). We assessed the changes in glomerulus following the administration of lysozyme, using the thickness of the glomerular capillary basement membrane as an indicator. Littermate, male F19 NSY mice were divided into two groups. One of the groups (Group L) was treated with lysozyme; the other control group (Group C) with physiological saline. Group L received a daily intramuscular injection of lysozyme solution for 4 or 8 weeks. The thickness of the glomerular capillary basement membrane was measured in order to assess the effect of lysozyme administration. In the 4-week series, the thickness was 4783±1760Å in Group C and 3266±777Å in Group L, while in the 8-week series it was 6011±2043Å in Group C and 3540±431Å in Group L. In both series of Group L, a distrinct inhibitory effect on the basement membrane thickening was found. The present findings suggest that lysozyme may be effective in human diabetic nephropathy. However its clinical usefulness must be confirmed in future studies.View full abstractDownload PDF (1974K) -
YURIKO SHINDOH, SANAE SHIMURA, MOTOAKI TOMIOKA, TAKASHI AIKAWA, HIDETA ...1986 Volume 149 Issue 1 Pages 47-60
Published: 1986
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSHINDOH, Y., SHIMURA, S., TOMIOKA, M., AIKAWA, T., SASAKI, H. and TAKISHIMA, T. Cellular Analysis in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids in Infiltrative and Fibrotic Stages of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Tohoku J. exp. Med. 1986, 149 (1), 47-60-We performed cellular analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) from 20 patients in different stages of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and compared the results with those from 16 controls and 10 sarcoidosis patients. Patients with IPF were divided into Infiltrative and fibrotic groups as diagnosed by transbronchial lung biopsy and chest x-rays. Total cell numbers counted from BALF in IPF patients were not different from those from controls and were lower than in sarcoidosis patients (p<0.01). Lymphocytes in BALF were significantly higher in the Infiltrative type IPF than in the fibrotic type (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference in fibrotic type IPF and control subjects. Numbers of neutrophils and eosinophils counts were not significantly different between infiltrative type and fibrotic type. The neutrophil count in fibrotic type IPF was higher than in control subjects (p<0.01) but not in infiltrative type IPF. 67Ga scintiscanning uptake correlated with the lymphocyte population (r=0.65, p< 0.01) but with neutrophils. These findings suggest that lymphocytes play a major role in the pathogenesis of the infiltrative type of IPF and that neutrophils are related to the development of fibrotic changes in IPF.View full abstractDownload PDF (2123K) -
NOBUO MATSUOKA, YASUSHI SAITO, SHO YOSHIDA1986 Volume 149 Issue 1 Pages 61-66
Published: 1986
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMATSUOKA, N., SAITO, Y. and YOSHIDA, S. Effects of Dextran Sulfate on Stabilization of Milk Lipoprotein Lipase and VLDL Triglyceride Hydrolysis in Vitro. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1986, 149 (1), 61-66-The effects of dextran sulfate (DS), which has various molecular numbers, on hydrolysis of very low density lipoprotein triglyceride (VLDL-TG) by bovine milk lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and the stability of LPL were studied. VLDL-TG hydrolysis was increased by the addition of DS; DS caused linear increase in the Vmax for VLDL-TG with increase in its sulfate content, but did not change the Km value for VLDL-TG. DS also stabilized LPL, but this effect was not dependent on its sulfate content. These results suggest that the mechanism of action of DS in LPL stabilization may be different from that in enhancement of VLDL hydrolysis.View full abstractDownload PDF (434K) -
YOH-ICHI GOTOH, KUMIKO HASHIMOTO, KEIYA TADA1986 Volume 149 Issue 1 Pages 67-72
Published: 1986
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGOTOH, Y-I., HASHIMOTO, K. and TADA, K. Urine Neuron-Specific Enolase and Its Clinical Implication in Patients with Neuroblastoma. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1986, 149 (1), 67-72-Urine levels of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) were determined in 6 patients with neuroblastoma, in 72 controls and in 5 infants with hematuria by means of a double-antibody inhibition radioimmunoassay method. Urine levels (NSE ng/creatinine mg) in 2 patients with advanced neuroblastoma were elevated (3.03±0.28 (S.D.)), when compared with those of 4 patients with neuroblastoma in remission (0.65±0.26 (S.D.)), 10 healthy neonates (1.26±0.42 (S.D.)), 25 healthy infants (0.51±0.26 (S.D.)), and 37 healthy adults (0.37±0.17 (S.D.)). Urine levels in 4 infants with microhematuria and an infant with macrohematuria were 1.62±0.10 (S.D.) and 33.83, respectively. Serial measurements in 3 patients with neuroblastoma receiving various therapies have revealed that there was a good correlation between urine NSE level and the response to therapy. These results indicate that NSE in urine may be a valuable marker for monitoring the effectiveness of therapy in patients with neuroblastoma.View full abstractDownload PDF (468K) -
SHUMPEI TAKEDA, HIROMI WATANABE, TAIJU MATSUZAWA1986 Volume 149 Issue 1 Pages 73-78
Published: 1986
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTAKEDA, S., WATANABE, H. and MATSUZAWA, T. Age-Related Change in Calcifications in the Thoracic Aorta: A Study with Computed Tomography. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1986, 149 (1), 73-78- Calcifications in the thoracic aorta at the level of the 11th and the 12th thoracic vertebrae in 592 men and 333 women were studied using computed tomography. The ages ranged from 40 to 88 years. Incidence of calcification increased proportionally to the advancing age from the forties to the eighties in men, and from the fifties to the seventies in women: incidence of calcification (%)=2.41×age (years)-113 in men (p<0.01); incidence of calcification (%)=3.16×age (years)-160 in women (p<0.01). Calcification index (CI) was calculated as an indicator of calcification in the thoracic aorta: (calcified portion along the entire circumference of the aorta)×80. The CI in the subjects with calcifications increased with the advancing age both in men and wemen: CI=0.200×age (years)-4.47 in men (p<0.01); CI=0.312× age (years)-12.7 in women (p<0.01).View full abstractDownload PDF (382K) -
KOJI MIYAKE, MASANORI YAMAMOTO, HIDEO MITSUYA1986 Volume 149 Issue 1 Pages 79-87
Published: 1986
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMIYAKE, K., YAMAMOTO, M. and MITSUYA, H. Pharmacological and Histological Evidence for Adrenergic Innervation of the Myoid Cells in the Rat Seminiferous Tubule. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1986, 149 (1), 79-87-Although the existence of seminiferous tubule contractions attributed to peritubular myoid cells is established, the control of the contractions is poorly understood. In this communication, it is shown that the rat seminiferous tubule responds to autonomic drugs and to stimulation of the perivascular nerve running along the spermatic vessels, by means of recording the intratubular pressure with a servo-null micro-pressure measuring device. Furthermore, the presence of nerve fibers close to the myoid cells is shown using a silver impregnation technique. Furthermore, the nature of the neurotransmitter contained in synaptic vesicles using 5-hydroxydopamine and L-DOPA as markers of adrenergic nerve elements with electron microscopy is shown in this report. It is concluded that there are adrenergic α- and β-receptors and muscarinic receptors in myoid cells of the rat seminiferous tubule and that the contractions of seminiferous tubules are regulated by adrenergic nerve fibers.View full abstractDownload PDF (3692K) -
NOBUAKI FURUHASHI, TOORU TAKAHASHI, TAKAO FUKAYA, OSAMU SHINKAWA, TOMO ...1986 Volume 149 Issue 1 Pages 89-93
Published: 1986
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFURUHASHI, N., TAKAHASHI, T., FUKAYA, T., SHINKAWA, O., TAKAHASHI, T., TANAKA, M. and KOHNO, H. Human β-Endorphin and β-Lipotropin Levels in Maternal and Fetal Plasma and Amniotic Fluid. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1986, 149 (1), 89-93-We measured β-endorphin (β-EP) and β-lipotropin (β-LPH) levels in human maternal and fetal plasma and amniotic fluid, simultaneously. It appeared evident that maternal circulating levels of β-EP (n=11, 163.9±12.9pg/ml, mean+S.E.) and β-LPH (n=11, 413.0±25.9pg/ml) at delivery were significantly (p<0.01) higher than those of maternal plasma at term (β-EP; n=4, 18.3±2.1pg/ml, β-LPH; 213.4±24.3pg/ml) and those of amniotic fluid (β-EP; n=5, 8.5±1.2pg/ml, β-LPH; 215.1±44.9pg/ml). Fetal β-EP levels (n=11, 79.1±5.8pg/ml) were significantly (p<0.01) higher than those of amniotic fluid. These data suggest that the origin of amniotic fluid β-EP may be an increased synthesis in the maternal and fetal pituitary gland but not in the placenta.View full abstractDownload PDF (423K) -
KAZUNORI OISHI, MASASHI YAMAMOTO, TOSHIAKI YOSHIDA, MASATOSHI IDE, KEI ...1986 Volume 149 Issue 1 Pages 95-102
Published: 1986
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOISHI, K., YAMAMOTO, M., YOSHIDA, T., IDE, M. and MATSUMOTO, K. Opsonic Activity of Plasma Fibronectin for Staphylococcus aureus by Human Alveolar Macrophages: Inefficacy of Trypsin-Sensitive Staphylococcal Fibronectin Receptor. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1986, 149 (1), 95-102-The binding of 125I-fibronectin (FN) to some bacteria and the phagocytic activity of human alveolar macrophages (AM) by a culture method using 3H-labelled bacteria were examined. FN-binding of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was higher than that of gram-negative rods and was reduced markedly by trypsin-treatment. FN enhanced the uptake of S. aureus by AM in dose dependent manner. To determine whether FN-binding to S. aureus mediates the promotion of staphylococcal phagocytosis, we compared the uptake of non-treated S. aureus with that of trypsin-treated bacteria by AM. No significant difference was found between the uptake of these bacteria and no effect of FN-binding to S. aureus on the phagocytic activity. It is concluded that FN plays an essential role as a non-immune opsonin for S. aureus in the human lung which is found to be abundunt in FN, and that FN-binding to S. aureus is probably not related to this effect.View full abstractDownload PDF (828K) -
YOSHIRO KOIWA, RYOICHI HASHIGUCHI, TADASU OHYAMA, TAKEHIKO TAKAGI, JUN ...1986 Volume 149 Issue 1 Pages 103-104
Published: 1986
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSKOIWA, Y., HASHIGUCHI, R., OHYAMA, T., TAKAGI, T., KIKUCHI, J. and TAKISHIMA, T. The Instantaneous Impedance Frequency Curve of the Ventricle with the Regional Ischemia. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1986, 149 (1), 103-104-We studied the feasibility of using the impedance frequency curve method (IFM) to detect the myocardial physical heterogeneity of a cross-circulated isolated canine left ventricle with regional ischemia. The curve changed from a single-peak configuration to a double-peak configuration after the LAD coronary flow cessation and returned to the single-peak configuration with the reperfusion of LAD coronary We concluded that IFM can be a useful tool to describe the physical heterogeneity of the ventricular muscle under the regional ischemia.View full abstractDownload PDF (213K) -
MUNESHIGE TOBITA, HARUO NAGASAWA, KYUYA KOGURE, HIROMI SATO, SEIRO YOS ...1986 Volume 149 Issue 1 Pages 105-106
Published: 1986
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTOBITA, M., NAGASAWA, H., KOGURE, K., SATO, H., YOSHIOIKA, S. and MATSUZAWA, T. Sequential Cerebral Blood Flow Study by Chrono- Autoradiography. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 149 (1), 105-106-A novel chrono-autoradiographic technique (sequential double label autoradiography) was established in order to evaluate regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) changes utilizing N-isopropyl-p-123I-iodoamphetamine (123I-IMP) and 14C-iodoantipyrine (14C-IAP). With sequential administration of 123I-IMP and 14C-IAP, two CBF images were obtained from the same brain section. By applying this method to focal cerebral ischemia, two sequential CBF images, one during ischemia and one after recirculation, were obtained. These results show that this method is useful in topographical evaluation of CBF changes. From a pathophysiological point of view, the result demonstrates a heterogeneous tissue perfusion after a transient ischemic insult.View full abstractDownload PDF (287K)
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