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Volume 111 (1973)
- Issue 4 Pages 309-
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- Issue 2 Pages 101-
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Volume 111, Issue 1
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
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AKINORI NISHIYAMA, MASAAKI KUWABARA1973 Volume 111 Issue 1 Pages 1-14
Published: 1973
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe site and mode of the muscle relaxing action of phenethylguanidine (PG), one of the guanidine derivatives, were studied electrophysiologically in the frog sciatic nerve sartorius preparation. In the indirectly stimulated muscle, the end-plate potential was reduced in amplitude without any change in the resting potential, and the twitch tension was completely blocked in the presence of PG in a concentration of 1.2×10-4g/ml. The amplitudes of the miniature endplate potentials and the iontophoretically produced ACh potentials were reversibly reduced with this concentration of PG. PG in a concentration less than 3.6×10-4g/ml did not cause any significant changes in electrical parameters of resting and active membranes in the nerve and muscle fibers. In the muscles treated with PG, addition of neostigmine caused a fall in twitch tension which was preceded by a small potentiation. Under this condition the amplitude of the end-plate potential was increased initially (first few minutes) but then followed by a progressive decline. The observations may be partly explained on the basis of a competitive receptor-blocking action of PG, but cannot be explained completely without assuming an additive non-competitive receptor-blocking action of drugs.View full abstractDownload PDF (4046K) -
A Further Study on the Actions of Phenethylguanidine on the Neuromuscular Junction in Frog SartoriusAKINORI NISHIYAMA1973 Volume 111 Issue 1 Pages 15-23
Published: 1973
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe active phase (end-plate current) of the end-plate potential, and the relationship between the amplitude of the end-plate potential or the end-plate current and the membrane polarization produced by passing current across the muscle membrane were studied in frog sciatic nerve-sartorius treated with PG (phenethylguanidine), which seems to have both competitive and noncompetitive receptor-blocking actions. The falling phase of the end-plate current in PG was slightly but clearly prolonged as compared with that in dTc, a typical competitive receptor blocking agent. The equilbirium potential obtained by the collision experiment (del Castillo and Katz 1954) in PG was found to be at about -15 mV, suggesting that PG did not influence significantly the ratio PNa/PK raised by ACh at the end-plate membrane. However, the equilibrium potential was not determined by membrane polarization produced by passing the current across the membrane. Amplitudes of both end-plate potential and end-plate current were increased with muscle membrane depolarization and were decreased with hyperpolarization. Possible factors which may account for these relationships are discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (2489K) -
RYUJI YAMAGUCHI, YOSHINORI HATAKEYAMA, TAKESHI YOSHIDA1973 Volume 111 Issue 1 Pages 25-32
Published: 1973
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe possibility of intra-uterine treatment of the fetus through the amniotic fluid is emphasized by this study with intra-amniotic injection of glucose, sulfa-drug and corticoid. The findings are summarized: (1) In in vitro experiments, glucose and sulfa-drug practically failed in passing through the fetal membrane, whereas in in vivo, both withdrew from the amniotic fluid almost in parallel. (2) When sulfa-drug was injected into the amniotic fluid, its level elevated transitorily in both the maternal and umbilical vein blood. But its concentration was definitely higher in the latter than in the former within several hours after injection, suggesting that sulfa-drug in the amniotic fluid probably first enters the fetal body, presumably by swallowing, and then passes across the placenta to the maternal blood. Similarly, prednisolone injected in the amniotic fluid was associated with gradual fall in the level of 17-OHCS. (3) In cases with hydramnios, both glucose and sulfa-drug injected in the amniotic fluid showed a very slow withdrawal. (4) These results encourage substantial studies for the establishment of some therapeutic formula via intra-amniotic medication.View full abstractDownload PDF (353K) -
SETSUO KOMURA, MASAO UEDA, KAZUAKI FUJIMURA1973 Volume 111 Issue 1 Pages 33-40
Published: 1973
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRabbits were put into a special box which had a gas-exit and an upperpositioned gas-inlet, from which the Japanese Industrial Standard No. 3 Liquefied Petroleum Gas (L. P. G.) was distributed on equal proportion. The changes in the behavior were noted as follows: Initially, licking and sniffing appeared, and at about one hour later when the L. P. G. concentration reached approximately 30%, the walking got difficult, and occasional screaming were heard as the sign of stimulation. At about 100 minutes later, namely at approximately 60% L.P.G. concentration, temporary nystagmus appeared. After that, the muscles were hypotonic, and an excessive salivation was noted. The E. C. G. changes were as follows: With the initial sending in of L. P. G., the pulse rate increased gradually until about the 2 hours' peak-point after which it decreased again being accompanied with S-T depression and inverted T wave, clearly indicating the presence of some cardiac damage. The neocortex showed a gradual change into a drowsy pattern, while the hippocampus and amygdala showed a marked arousal pattern. Especially the amygdala evoked many preseizure and seizure-spikes, and other amygdala-related locations like the anterior hypothalamus showed a similar tendency. At 2 hours of experiment, both the activation effect of the reticular formation over the neocortex and the recruiting response of N. centrum medianum of thalamus showed a marked elevation of threshold. At this stage, the seizure discharge due to the electric stimulation of hippocampus or amygdala showed only a slight decrease of amplitude but the duration remained almost unchanged.View full abstractDownload PDF (487K) -
Incorporation of Choline and CDP-choline into Myelin PhospholipidsNOBUKAZU CHIDA, YOSHIFUSA SHIMIZU1973 Volume 111 Issue 1 Pages 41-49
Published: 1973
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMyelination of cultured brain tissue from 1- to 4-day-old rats was biochemically studied by using radioactive materials. Explants were maintained in agar media by means of organ culture to produce a rather large amount of myelin in vitro required for lipid analysis. Pulse incubation with isotopes was carried out after 2 to 4 weeks in culture. Lipids of myelin and non-myelin fractions isolated from homogenates of explants without or with a fresh rat brain as a “carrier of myelin” were analyzed after chase incubation for 2 to 24 hours. Choline and CDP-choline were actively incorporated during myelination in organ culture into lecithin and sphingomyelin of myelin and non-myelin fractions, radioactivity of which was increased in course of chase incubation time. These results were compared with those of in vivo myelination of young rats.View full abstractDownload PDF (1377K) -
SHIRO TOMINAGA, KATSUHIRO WATANABE, TAKASHI NAKAMURA1973 Volume 111 Issue 1 Pages 51-60
Published: 1973
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA canine hindlimb muscles prepara-tion is perfused with donor's arterial blood by a peristaltic pump at constant pressure of 100 mmHg. The blood flow and the vascular resistance at rest are 14.3±5.7 (mean±S. D.) ml/min/100g and 7.2±3.6mmHg/ml/min/100g, respectively. Twitch stimulation induces 1.6, 2.2 and 3.8 times increase in blood flow with 1, 2 and 4 contractions per see, respectively. Brief tetanic stimulation, which is composed of 60-msec train of square wave pulses, induces 2.0, 2.2 and 3.0 times increase with 0.2, 0.5 and 1 contraction per see, respectively. Two or 0.4 min of ischemia induces maximum dilatation of the vasculature at rest or during rhythmic contractions, respectively. This dilatation is a little (10-25%) lower than the maximum value following intra-arterial papaverine. Geometric analyses of the recorded curves are performed in reactive hyperemia following 3-min ischemia at rest and during twitch contractions once per sec. Overshot increase of blood flow is 23±6 and 55±17 ml/100 g in each condition, respectively. The indicator which represents duration of the hyperemia is 43±10 and 116±53 sec. The repayment of blood flow is 79±24 and 91±26%. There is no correlation between duration and magnitude of the hyperemia in each condition. There is, however, a good correlation (P<0.001) between the increments of each indicator under both conditions,View full abstractDownload PDF (514K) -
TOMIHISA FUNYU, SHIGENOBU KUDOH, YASUO SHIRAIWA, YURIKO TERAYAMA, KAZU ...1973 Volume 111 Issue 1 Pages 61-69
Published: 1973
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFractions (compound F, compound E, THE and THE) of urinary free and total 17-OHCS were determined in ten patients who underwent various operations, using thin layer chromatography and column chromatography, and the following results were obtained. The excretion pattern of fractions of urinary free 17-OHCS was quite different from fractions of total 17-OHCS which were measured after hydrolysis with B-glucuronidase. In addition, there was a limit to the excretion of free comp. E, THE and THE. The excretion amounts of free comp. F and comp. E were several tens percent of comp. F and comp. E which were determined as fractions of total 17-OHCS. However, the excretion amounts of free THE and THE were only several percent of THE and THE which were determined as fractions of total 17-OHCS. It was clear that comp. F and comp. E were also conjugated with glucuronic acid though the degrees of conjugation were much lower than their metabolites, THE and THE. After operation, the rates of conjugation of free comp. F and comp. E diminished as compared with those in control subjects, and the metabolism of cortisol shifted to THE pathway.View full abstractDownload PDF (412K) -
SOITSU FUKUCHI, TAKAHIKO TAKENOUCHI, KATSUO NAKAJIMA1973 Volume 111 Issue 1 Pages 71-78
Published: 1973
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBoth plasma renin activity and angiotensin II during recumbency measured by radioimmunoassay, were normal in essential hypertension, chronic glomerulonephritis and bilateral renal artery stenosis, definitely low in primary aldosteronism, and high in unilateral renal artery stenosis. In normal subjects upright posture and furosemide administration induced an elevation in plasma renin activity; which correlated directly with the elevation in angiotensin II. In general, the increase in plasma renin activity was much larger than that in plasma angiotensin II. Plasma renin activity and angiotensin II did not increase in primary aldosteronism, while markedly increased in unilateral renal artery stenosis during upright posture with furosemide administration. The response of plasma renin activity and angiotensin If in essential hypertension and chronic glomerulonephritis was essentially similar to that observed in normal subjects. The suppression of plasma renin activity is uniquely diagnostic of an aldosterone-secreting adrenal tumor. Similarly, the enhancing effect on plasma renin activity and angiotensin II of the upright position might be a good index for the diagnosis of renovascular hypertension. Our data indicate that the changes in plasma renin activity and angiotensin II are due to changes in the amount of the renin rather than toView full abstractDownload PDF (485K) -
SHIGERU IKEDA, YOSHITAKA AGATSUMA, YASUHIKO WATAYA, TOORU NAKAO, SEKI ...1973 Volume 111 Issue 1 Pages 79-85
Published: 1973
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThere were two epidemics of varicella in a babies home during about one year. All the infants suffered from the disease. The youngest infant with varicella was a 2-month-old male. The incubation period was estimated to be 15-18 days. CF antibody titers against varicella-zoster virus reached a peak by 4 weeks, and began to decline about 4 months after onset of the disease. The development and duration of IgG fluorescent antibody against varicella-zoster virus were similar to those of CF antibody titers. Some infants showed antibody response again during the second epidemic, and they were all subclinical. These antibodies belonged to IgG fraction of the sera. The antibody response in IgA and IgM fractions of the sera was not detected. Inapparent reinfections would play an important role in life-time immunity against varicella-zoster virus.View full abstractDownload PDF (384K) -
KIYOSHI OMURA, SHINOBU HIGAMI, GEN ISSIKI, KOJI NISHIZAWA, KEIYA TADA1973 Volume 111 Issue 1 Pages 87-91
Published: 1973
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPrenatal diagnosis was successfully accomplished by investigating mucopolysaccharide pattern in amniotic fluid for two women who had previously borne children affected with the Hurler syndrome. Amniotic fluid obtained at the 20 th week of gestation from Case A of high risk pregnancy revealed an abnormal pattern of mucopolysaccharides, a striking increase in dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate. Her pregnancy was terminated and the aborted fetus was proved to be affected with the Hurler syndrome. In Case B of high risk pregnancy, amniotic fluid obtained at the 20 th week of gestation showed normal pattern of mueopolysaccharide. Her pregnancy was continued and resulted in the delivery of a healthy girl at full term. This chemical method for antenatal detection of the Hurler syndrome is thought to be useful and reliable in the later stage of pregnancy.View full abstractDownload PDF (291K) -
GOTARO YAMADA, TOSHINARI KOBAYASHI, TAKAO TSUJI, YASUYUKI OHTA, KIYOWO ...1973 Volume 111 Issue 1 Pages 93-95
Published: 1973
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDane particles were observed electron microscopically in sera of all 10 patients with Australia (Au) antigen-positive chronic aggressive hepatitis. Massive Dane particles were demonstrated in sera of a patient at the early phase of the elevation of serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase. The inner body of a Dane particle was shown as a typical icosahedral symmetry by rotation technique.View full abstractDownload PDF (808K) -
MASANA OGATA, JUNKO MIZUGAKI, SHIGEO TAKAHARA1973 Volume 111 Issue 1 Pages 97-98
Published: 1973
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSImmunoelectrophoresis was carried out on the crude catalase from the erythrocytes of the patient with acatalasemia against antihuman erythrocyte catalase rabbit serum and the presence of residual catalase like protein was observed in the erythrocytes of Japanese acatalasemia.View full abstractDownload PDF (147K) -
induced Platelet AggregationOTOTAKA HIGASHI, YOKO KIKUCHI1973 Volume 111 Issue 1 Pages 99-100
Published: 1973
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt was demonstrated that both a-tocopherol acetate and a-tocopherol nicoti-nate, especially the latter, could inhibit the H2O2-induced platelet aggregation to some extent in vitro.View full abstractDownload PDF (117K) -
1973 Volume 111 Issue 1 Pages e1
Published: 1973
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (16K)
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