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Volume 155 (1988)
- Issue 4 Pages 305-
- Issue 3 Pages 213-
- Issue 2 Pages 107-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 155, Issue 3
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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SHINGI NAKAE, MASAAKI YAMADA, TAKESHI ITO, YUJI CHIBA, ETSUKO SASAKI, ...1988 Volume 155 Issue 3 Pages 213-223
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNAKAE, S., YAMADA, M., ITO, T., CHIBA, Y., SASAKI, E., SAKAMOTO, M., TADA, K., YAMADA, T. and MORI, S. Gentamicin Dosing and Pharmacokinetics in Low Birth Weight Infants. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1988, 155 (3), 213-223 - Monitoring of serum gentamicin concentrations and one-compartment pharmacokinetic analysis were performed in 41 preterm low birth weight infants (20 with birth weight of <1, 500g and 21 with birth weight of≥1, 500g) in the first week of life. Our dosing regimens, which were 2.0mg/kg every 24hr for the <1, 500g group and 2.0mg/kg every 12hr for the ≥1, 500g group, successfully achieved the desired peak (4-8μg/ml; 87.8%) and trough (≤3μg/ml; 97.5%) concentrations on the 4th day of treatment. In a one-compartment pharmacokinetic analysis, a large intersubject variability of pharmacokinetic parameters were observed on the 1st day of treatment. When we compared the parameters of the 1st day with those of the 4th day, apparent decreases in Vd and TBC were observed. The mean values for TBC and T1/2 or Kd of the two birth weight groups were significantly different from each other on the 4th day of treatment, suggesting a less maturity of renal functions in the <1, 500g group. The modified method of Sawchuk and Zaske was proven impractical in predicting steady-state serum concentrations because of an underestimation probably caused by the dramatic alteration of Vd due to a diuresis soon after birth. Based on these results, we recommend the above-described dosing regimen and emphasize the importance of a close monitoring of serum gentamicin concentrations and toxicities, instead of the individualized dosing approach in low birth weight infants in the first week of life.View full abstractDownload PDF (1069K) -
ICHIRO TSUJI, RYUICHI NAKAMURA1988 Volume 155 Issue 3 Pages 225-232
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTSUJI, I. and NAKAMURA, R. Time Course of Tension Development of Knee Extensor Muscle on Twitch, Tetanic, and Fast Voluntary Contraction in Normal Subjects. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1988, 155 (3), 225-232 - Tension lag time (TLT), a latency from the onset of electromyographic activities of prime mover muscle to the rise of tension, of knee extensor muscle was measured at twitch, tetanic, and fast voluntary contraction in three normal subjects. Twitch and tetanic contractions were evoked by four different strengths of electrical stimuli, and the peak tensions attained at fast voluntary contraction were within the range of tensions evoked by electrical stimulation. In each mode of contraction, the relationship between TLT and peak tension (Fmax) was approximated by a hyperbolic function of Fmax (TLT-a)=b. TLT was influenced by three factors: (1) Fmax, the greater Fmax, the shorter TLT; (2) force detection level to point out timing of the rise of tension, the higher the level, the longer TLT was; and (3) the mode of contraction, shortest at the twitch, longest at the voluntary, and intermediate in the tetanic contraction.View full abstractDownload PDF (678K) -
KUNIHIKO HANEW, SHUICHI SATO, MEIGAN GOH, ATSUSHI SASAKI, YASUYUKI SHI ...1988 Volume 155 Issue 3 Pages 233-239
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHANEW, K., SATO, S., GOH, M., SASAKI, A., SHIMIZU, Y., SUGAWARA, A., OHTSUKA, T. and YOSHINAGA, K. The Spectrum of GH Responses to GHRH and Somatostatin in Patients with Acromegaly. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1988, 155 (3), 233-239 - Plasma GH responses to GHRH and somatostatin were examined in 43 patients with active acromegaly. Thirty-two of these patients showed GH increases 50% above the basal values in response to at least 1 of 3 stimuli (TRH, LHRH, arginine) (categorized as group I). The remaining 11 patients showed no response to any of the stimuli (categorized as group II). Following somatostatin infusion, group I (n=31) showed significantly greater GH suppression than group II (n=11) from 30 to 90min (p<0.05-0.01). In addition, plasma GH responses to GHRH at 15 and 30min was also greater in group I (n=12) than in group II (n=5) (p<0.05 & 0.01). There was a positive correlation between the log value of the peak GH after GHRH and the maximal % decrement after somatostatin (r=0.64, p<0.02). However there were no differences in the responses of normal thyrotrophs (TSH) to TRH between the two groups. These results indicate that there are two types of acromegaly, i.e., one is more responsive and another is less responsive to either non-specific (TRH & LHRH) or specific GH stimulations (GHRH & somatostatin).View full abstractDownload PDF (560K) -
TAKASHI YOHKAICHIYA, TAKAO FUKAYA, HIROSHI HOSHIAI, AKIRA YAJIMA1988 Volume 155 Issue 3 Pages 241-246
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSYOHKAICHIYA, T., FUKAYA, T., HOSHIAI, H. and YAJIMA, A. Improvement of Mouse Embryo Development In Vitro by Prolactin. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1988, 155 (3), 241-246 - Prolactin in the amniotic fluid is known to have an osmoregulatory function in the fetus, but little is known of the effects prolactin in the exudate from the endometrium acting directly on the early embryo. ICR female mice were stimulated with 6 IU of PMSG (pregnant mare serum gonadotropin) and 8 IU of hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) and mated with ICR males. Two-cell embryos through blastocysts were obtained for in vitro culture, to which prolactin was added at doses of 0, 10, 30, 100, 300 or 1000ng/ml. The effects of different doses of prolactin were compared for the rates of blastocyst formation and hatching, and for the development of the embryo with regards to the stage of embryo from which the culture was launched. The results show that prolactin promotes development of the two-cell embryo at concentrations of 300ng/ml and above, improving the rate of formation of the blastocyst and hatching stages. It also has positive effects on post-hatching blastocyst cultures, in terms of acceleration in development.View full abstractDownload PDF (512K) -
TOSHIHIDE OGAWA, KAZUO UEMURA, IWAO KANNO, FUMIO SHISHIDO, ATSUSHI INU ...1988 Volume 155 Issue 3 Pages 247-260
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOGAWA, T., UEMURA, K., KANNO, I., SHISHIDO, F., INUGAMI, A., YAMAGUCHI, T., MURAKAMI, M., HIRATA, K., KATO, T., MINEURA, K. and KOWADA, M. Delayed Radiation Necrosis of Brain Evaluated Positron Emission Tomography. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1988, 155 (3), 247-260 - In four patients highly suspected of having delayed radiation necrosis of the brain, regional cerebral blood flow and metabolism were studied by using positron emission tomography (PET) with the 15O-labelled gases, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG). All four patients showed marked decreases in glucose and oxygen consumption in the lesion with that suspected pathology in comparison with those in normal brain parenchyma. Two of them were histologically proved to have radiation injuries (one was radiation necrosis and another was early delayed reactions). But one patient was histologically proved to have a recurrent tumor. Although metabolic study with PET using 18FDG is generally an excellent procedure for differentiation between radiation injuries and recurrent brain tumor, these results imply that in some cases the differential diagnosis is difficult even with 18FDG. The present study demonstrated considerably more pronounced reduction in the metabolism than the decrease of the blood flow in the lesion with radiation necrosis. This result would indicate that the primary effect causing the radiation necrosis is a direct effect of irradiation on neural tissue rather than the capillary damage.View full abstractDownload PDF (2837K) -
HAJIME IDE, MASAHIRO TSUJI, MICHIRO SHIMADA, TAKAHITO KONDO, SHUICHI F ...1988 Volume 155 Issue 3 Pages 261-270
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIDE H., TSUJI, M., SHIMADA, M., KONDO, T., FUJIYA, S., ASANUMA, Y. and AGISHI, Y. An Evaluation of Serum High Density Lipoproteins-Phospholipids. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1988, 155 (3), 261-270 - Phospholipids in high density lipoproteins (HDL) is being used as a negative risk indicator of atherosclerosis. Phospholipids in HDL may not demonstrate the actual level of HDL-phospholipids when determined by the precipitation or ultracentrifugal methods, because HDL fractions contain very high density lipoproteins (VHDL) and albumin. In the present study, the true level of phospholipids in HDL was estimated using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and it was compared with the level of phospholipids in HDL determined by the precipitation method. Sera from 18 healthy subjects were used as materials. In the HPLC method, the HDL fraction was extracted making sure that it contained no free albumin, which is albumin not bound to phospholipids. The HDL fraction was separated into subfractions. It was found that phospholipids in the VHDL fraction make a 20.2±7.3% (mean±S.D.) part of the total HDL-phospholipids. A large part of the VHDL fraction was constituted of albumin-bound phospholipids. A significant correlation was observed between HDL-phospholipids determined by the precipitation method, which contain albumin, and the actual HDL fraction phospholipids determined by HPLC, which do not contain VHDL (r=0.903, p<0.01). These results suggest that HDL-phospholipids values determined by the precipitation method give useful clinical data.View full abstractDownload PDF (853K) -
TOKUTARO SATO, TORU CHIBA, KAORU YOSHINAGA, MASAO KITAJIMA, MASAAKI TE ...1988 Volume 155 Issue 3 Pages 271-274
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSATO, T., CHIBA, T., YOSHINAGA, K., KITAJIMA, M. and TERASHIMA, M. Improvement of In Vivo Stability of Alginate-Polylysine Capsules. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1988, 155 (3), 271-274 - Dextran (MW 70, 000) and rat islets were encapsulated in alginate-polylysine membrane. The capsules were further coated with tolylene 2, 4-diisocyanate. Both of positive and negative charges were detected on the surface of alginate-polylysine capsules, which were abscent after coating the capsules with tolylene 2, 4-diisocyanate. In the peritoneal cavity, alginate-polylysine capsules were entrapped by the peritoneum, and 89% of dextran was leaked out of the capsules. Alginate-polylysine capsules coated with tolylene 2, 4-diisocyanate were present freely in the peritoneal cavity and no leakage of dextran from the capsules were detected. Insulin release from the encapsulated islets was almost the same in both of tolylene 2, 4-diisocyanate-coated and uncoated capsules. This study demonstrates that in vivo stability of capsules is dependent on the charge on the surface and can be improved by coating with tolylene 2, 4-diisocyanate.View full abstractDownload PDF (301K) -
JUN SAITO, MASAYUKI IKEDA1988 Volume 155 Issue 3 Pages 275-283
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSAITO, J. and IKEDA, M. Solvent Constituents in Paint, Glue and Thinner for Plastic Miniature Hobby. Tohoku J. exp. Med. 1988, 155 (3), 275-283 -Solvent-containing products (8 paint, 29 glue and 4 thinner preparations) for plastic miniature hobby were analyzed for solvent constituents by capillary gaschromatography. Acetone and methyl isobutyl ketone were two most extensively used solvents both in terms of frequency and concentration. Other popular solvents included ethyl alcohol and two esters of ethyl acetate and butyl acetate. In contrast, aromatics, chlorinated hydrocarbons and ethylene glycol derivatives were seldomly detected. The present findings were discussed in comparison with the observation on the materials abused for sniffing in the past, as well as constituents in the products for industrial application.View full abstractDownload PDF (737K) -
MASAYUKI IKEDA, HARUO NAKATSUKA, TAKAO WATANABE1988 Volume 155 Issue 3 Pages 285-294
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIKEDA, M., NAKATSUKA, H. and WATANABE, T. The Absence of Correlation between Na in Diet Duplicates and Stomach Cancer Mortality in Japan. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1988, 155 (3), 285-294 - The 24-hr diet duplicates were collected from 488 nonsmoking and nondrinking women at the ages of 30-59 years in 33 regions in Japan in winters, 1977-1981. The daily intake of Na, K, Cl and Na/K ratio for each individual were obtained by the chemical analysis of the duplicates, from which the regional means were calculated and subjected to regressionn analysis with 1969-1978 regional mortality for stomach cancer (SC), cerebrovascular disease (CVD) and liver cirrhosis for the middle-aged, 1969-1978 regional standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for cancers of 9 sistes and 9 other diseases (including SC and CVD), and 1978-1982 regional SMRs for SC, uterine cancer and CVD. No significant correlation was observed between intake of Na, K, Cl or Na/K and SC mortality or SMR, in contrast to a significant correlation of CVD mortality and SMR with Na intake (and to a lesser extent with K and Cl intake). Correlation of other cancers with Na was generally insignificant except for pancreatic cancer and possibly breast cancer. Thus, it was concluded that the correlation of daily Na intake with stomach cancer mortality is weaker, if present, than that with cerebrovascular disease mortality.View full abstractDownload PDF (955K) -
HIROO NAITO, IWAO SASAKI, YUJI FUNAYAMA, YASUHIKO KAMIYAMA, SEIKI MATS ...1988 Volume 155 Issue 3 Pages 295-301
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNAITO, H., SASAKI, I., FUNAYAMA, Y., KAMIYAMA, Y., MATSUNO, S. and SATO, T. Peptic Ulcer and Gastric Acid Secretion in Patients with Insulinoma. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1988, 155 (3), 295-301 - We evaluated the incidence of associated peptic ulcers and the gastric acid secretion in our 20 series of insulinoma, and obtained the following results: 1) Four out of 20 patients (20%) with insulinoma were associated with peptic ulcers. 2) Except for the maximum acid concentration, the preoperative gastric secretion tests, such as the basal acid output and maximum acid output, failed to indicate hyperacidity in those patients. And patients with a short duration of illness by insulinoma neither showed hyperacidity nor were associated with peptic ulcers. 3) A tendency of reduced gastric acid secretion and the amelioration of peptic ulcers was observed in those who under-went the extirpation of insulinoma. 4) In the most recent case received gastric analysis with continuous monitoring of blood glucose level, an increase of basal acid output was observed during the hypoglycemic period in which the blood glucose levels reduced to around 30mg/100ml. These results indicate that the low blood glucose level and the high gastric acid secretion produced under the condition on an empty stomach, may be important factors related to the high association rates of the peptic ulcers in patients with insulinoma.View full abstractDownload PDF (663K) -
TETSUO SHIMIZU, KEIKO KOUKETSU, YASUO MORISHIMA, IWAZO HASEGAWA, TADAS ...1988 Volume 155 Issue 3 Pages 303-304
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSHIMIZU, T., KOUKETSU, K., MORISHIMA, Y., HASEGAWA, I. and KAMIYA, T. New Closed System Using a Sterile Connection Device and Preconnected PRP Pack for Extended Storage of Apheresis Platelet Products. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1988, 155 (3), 303-304 - In order to prevent bacterial contamination during the procedure of plateletapheresis, preconnected platelet-rich plasma (PRP) packs were prepared which include the apheresis bowl of a plasma collecting system (Haemonetics) with a 16G needle and a 0.6- and 1-liter double-bag system. The anticoagulant line of the PRP pack and that from the bag containing acid-citrate-dextrose formula A solution were welded by a sterile connection device (SCD model 312, DuPont). No additional care was needed to perform plateletapheresis with the present closed system. Platelet concentrates (PCs) stored in 1-liter bags made of polyvinyl chloride plastics with a plasticizer of either di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate or tri (2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate were demonstrated to be sterile. The pH of PCs was maintained over 6.8 after 5-day storage. Preliminary studies suggest that the present closed system using the preconnected PRP pack and sterile connection device will be, useful for reducing the risk of bacterial contamination in platelet products during single-donor plateletapheresis.View full abstractDownload PDF (226K)
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