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Volume 174 (1994)
- Issue 4 Pages 305-
- Issue 3 Pages 181-
- Issue 2 Pages 95-
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Volume 174, Issue 1
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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ANDREW A. ADJEI, YOSHIHIDE OHSHIRO, KEIKO YAMAUCHI, YOKO NAKASONE, KAT ...1994 Volume 174 Issue 1 Pages 1-10
Published: 1994
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSADJEI, A.A., OHSHIRO, Y., YAMAUCHI, K., NAKASONE, Y., SHIMADA, K., IWANAGA, M. and YAMAMOTO, S. Intraperitoneal Administration of Nucleoside-Nucleotide Mixture Inhibits Endotoxin-Induced Bacterial Translocation in Protein-Deficient Mice. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1994, 174 (1), 1-10 - Nucleosides and nucleotides as a precursor for nucleic acid synthesis may be essential for rapidly growing cells, since intestinal epithelial cells have limited capacity for the de novo purine and pyrimidine synthesis. The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of intraperitoneal administration of nucleoside-nucleotide mixture (NNM) or saline on endotoxin-induced bacterial translocation, ileal histology, and cecal population levels in protein-deficient mice. Intraperitoneal administration of NNM for 14 days was associated with reduced translocation of gram-negative enterics to the mesenteric lymph node and spleen in comparison to saline. Histologically, the extent of the damage to the gut mucosa was greater in the saline group. This was confirmed by the profound diminution of the villous height, crypt depth, and the intestinal wall in the saline treated group as compared to the NNM treated group, suggestive of the efficacy of NNM in improving the gut and epithelial mucosal cells. However, the cecal population levels in both groups were not different. Additionally, the mice in the saline group were more susceptible to the lethal effects of endotoxin as compared to the NNM group suggesting that NNM may be essential for the enhancement of the host defense system. These results suggest that NNM may be used to an advantage to inhibit or reduce the incidence of endotoxin-induced bacterial translocation and improved survival in protein-deficient mice.View full abstractDownload PDF (2426K) -
YOSHIFUMI OHIZUMI, HIROSHI SUZUKI, YOSHIO NUMAZAKI, MASUE IMAIZUMI, YO ...1994 Volume 174 Issue 1 Pages 11-17
Published: 1994
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOHIZUMI, Y., SUZUKI, H., NUMAZAKI, Y., IMAIZUMI, M., KOISUMI, Y., SUZUKI, H., TADA, K., MINEGISHI, M., TSUCHIYA, S. and KONNO, T. Human Cytomegalovirus Neutralizing Antibody Response in Japanese Children with Bone Marrow Transplantation. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1994, 174 (1), 11-17 - Thirty-two children with bone barrow transplantation (BMT) received intravenous injections of gammaglobulin (IVIG) with a high titer of neutralizing (NT) antibody against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) (200mg/kg/week) from 1 week before to 4 months after transplantation. NT antibody titers before BMT and the highest levels in serial determinations conducted after BMT were compared for each patient. They were classified into three groups according to the antibody response: primary HCMV infection as group I, endogenous reactivation or external reinfection as group II, and indeterminable cases as group III. Two (6.3%) out of 32 patients examined had BMT-associated primary HCMV infections, but did not show any clinical symptoms. Significant changes in clinical parameters were also lacking in all the other 30 patients, independent of whether they shed viruses into the urine, or demonstrated on antibody boost. It was concluded from the group variation that the antibody response was indeed due to the engraftment of BMT, rather than to a direct effect of treatment with IVIG. Our results further indicate that passive immunization with HCMV antibody does not prevent infection, but confers some protection against symptomatic disease.View full abstractDownload PDF (612K) -
TAKANORI SUZUKI, KATSUYUKI NAKAJIMA, AKIKO YAMAMOTO, KEIJI SUZUKI, KOJ ...1994 Volume 174 Issue 1 Pages 19-30
Published: 1994
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSUZUKI, T., NAKAJIMA, K., YAMAMOTO, A., SUZUKI, K., YAMAMOTO, K. and YAMANAKA, H. Binding of Metallothionein to Rat Spermatozoa. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1994, 174 (1), 19-30 -Binding studies of metallothionein and rat spermatozoa were performed using 125I-Tyr-metallothionein (125I-MT). Reactions between 125I-MT and spermatozoa indicated that MT bound in two forms, namely, middle affinity (Kd1=2×10-9M) binding and low affinity (Kd2=1×10-8M) binding. Labeled MT binding to spermatozoa was inhibited by adding anti-MT antibody. Total binding reactions of MT were temperature and incubation time dependent. By transmission electron microscopy using a gold conjugate (indirect method), gold particles bound to MT were shown to bind to the cell membrane of the head and the proximal portion of the tail. By optical autoradiography, grains of labeled MT were localized mainly in the head and the proximal portion of the tail. By electron microscopical autoradiography, grains of labeled MT were identified mainly in the cell membrane of the head and tail and partly in the nucleus. These results suggest that MT has both specific and non-specific binding sites on the spermatozoal membrane.View full abstractDownload PDF (2587K) -
DAIZOH SAITOH, YOSHIAKI OKADA, TAKASHI TAKAHARA, HITOSHI YAMASHITA, HI ...1994 Volume 174 Issue 1 Pages 31-40
Published: 1994
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSAITOH, D., OKADA, Y., TAKAHARA, T., YAMASHITA, H., OHNO, H. and INOUE, M. The Effect of an SOD Derivative (SM-SOD) Administration in a Burned Rat Model. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1994, 174 (1), 31-40 - To determine whether superoxide radicals may influence the pathogenesis of burn injury, we investigated the effects of a long-acting, site-directed superoxide dismutase derivative (SM-SOD) on the rats subjected to burn shock. Anesthesized animals were injected intravenously with either 2ml/kg of saline or SM-SOD (10mg/kg; dissolved in saline). After 30min they were subjected to full-thickness burns of about 40% of total body surface area. The 7-day survival rate was significantly higher in the SM-SOD-treated animals than in the untreated controls. Also, administration of SM-SOD markedly inhibited the increase in the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive metabolites, such as lipid peroxides in the plasma, lung and kidney, and the decrease in plasma protein levels particularly at the early stage of burn injury. These findings suggested that superoxide radicals may play a critical role in the pathogenesis following thermal injury.View full abstractDownload PDF (881K) -
KIYOSHI HANEDA, NAOSHI SATO, TAKAO TOGO, MAKOTO MIURA, MASAKI RATA, HI ...1994 Volume 174 Issue 1 Pages 41-48
Published: 1994
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHANEDA, K., SATO, N., TOGO, T., MIURA, M., HATA, M. and MOHRI, H. Late Results after Correction of Ventricular Septal Defect with Severe Pulmonary Hypertension. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1994, 174 (1), 41-48 - Fifty-eight patients with ventricular septal defect (VSD) associated with severe pulmonary hypertension (Pp/Ps≥0.90) were repaired between 1971 and 1992. Their preoperative Pp/Ps, Rp/Rs and Rp were 0.98±0.06, 2.37±1.20 and 4.81±3.06units•m2, respectively. Late results were analyzed in 56 operative survivors. The age at the time of operation ranged from 2 months to 32 years (average 4.1 years) and the postoperative follow-up period ranged from 1 month to 20 years (average 5.5 years). Eighty-two percent of the patients were in New York Heart Association functional class I, 15% were in class II and 3% in class III. The postoperative Pp/Ps and Rp/Rs significantly decreased to 0.41 ±0.13 (p<0.001) and 0.25±0.16 (p<0.001), respectively. There were significant differences in Rp/Rs and Rp between the patients operated on before (Group 1) and after 2 years of age (Group 2). Rp/Rs and Rp in Group 1 were 0.17±0.06 and 2.52±0.65units•m2, whereas 0.31±0.19 (p<0.05) and 4.26±1.88 units•m2 (p<0.05) in Group 2, respectively. One patient died 14 months after VSD closure due to respiratory failure. It is concluded that a patient with VSD associated with severe but reversible pulmonary hypertension should be surgically corrected before 2 years of age.View full abstractDownload PDF (705K) -
TERUO NAKAMURRA, KEN-ICHI IMAMURA, KAZUO TAKEBE, KOJI MACHIDA, MASATAK ...1994 Volume 174 Issue 1 Pages 49-58
Published: 1994
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNAKAMURA, T., IMAMURA, K., TAKEBE, K., MACHIDA, K. and ISHII, M. Diabetic Retinopathy in Japanese Patients with Long-Standing Pancreatic Diabetes Due to Calcifying Pancreatitis. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1994, 174 (1), 49-58-This study analyzed the prevalence, aggravating factors (including duration of diabetes, glycemic control, body mass index, hypertension, serum total cholesterol, changes of ST on ECG and diabetic therapies) and characteristics of diabetic retinopathy in 75 patients with pancreatic diabetes resulting from calcifying pancreatitis. The patients were divided into three Groups: Group I (27 patients in whom diabetes was detected earlier than pancreatic stones), Group II (36 patients in whom diabetes and pancreatic stones were simultaneously detected) and Group III (12 patients in whom pancreatic stones were detected earlier than diabetes). The prevalence of retinopathy was dependent on the duration of diabetes as well as poor glycemic control. It was significantly (p<0.01) higher among the patient with the duration of diabetes that was more than 5 years than that of the patients whose duration was less than 5 years. The prevalence of retinopathy in Group I (63%) was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that in Group II (30.6%) and Group III (12.5%). Proliferative retinopathy was not found in any patients with a duration of diabetes less than 5 years, while it was found in 5 patients with a duration of more than 5 years (5 cases out of 31 patients). Diabetic retinopathy was correlated with the duration of diabetes and glycemic control, and was not linked to frequency of hypoglycemia and family history of diabetes. From the results above, we concluded that diabetic retinopathy in patients with pancreatic diabetes due to calcifying pancreatitis might be taken as evidence that such complications are primarily due to chronic hyperglycemia and the duration of diabetes mellitus rather than to genetic factors and other factors (body mass index, hypertension, serum total cholesterol and diabetic therapies).View full abstractDownload PDF (882K) -
TADASU YAMAMOTO, TOKIHISA KIMURA, KOZO OTA, MASARU SHOJI, MINORU INOUE ...1994 Volume 174 Issue 1 Pages 59-69
Published: 1994
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSYAMAMOTO, T., KIMURA, T., OTA, K., SHOJI, M., INOUE, M., OHTA, M., SATO, K., FUNYU, T. and ABE, K. Effects of a Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitor on Vasopressin and Atrial Natriuretic Hormone Release, Thermogenesis and Cardiovascular Function in Response to Interleukin-1β in Rats. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1994, 174 (1), 59-69 - To assess whether nitric oxide (NO) formed by IL-1β affects vasopressin (AVP) and atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH) release and the regulation of blood pressure and body temperature, intravenous infusion of either Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) alone (50μg/kg•body weigh•min for 135min), human recombinant interleukin 1β(IL-1β) alone (750ng/kg•body weight•min for 120min), or L-NAME (50μg/kg•body weight•min for 135min) with IL-1β (750ng/kg•body weight•min for 120 min), was performed following priming doses of L-NAME (2mg/kg•body weight) and IL-1β (7.5μg/kg•body weight) into conscious rats (n=6 each). In the control group, saline alone was administered. Plasma AVP and ANH, mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), heart rate (HR) and rectal temperature (RT) were determined. In response to L-NAME, plasma AVP significantly increased, but plasma ANH did not change, despite increases in MABP and decreases in HR. In response to IL-1β, both plasma AVP and ANH increased with decreases in MABP and RT without any changes in HR. With L-NAME and IL-1β, both plasma AVP and ANH increased, and depressor response to IL-1β was partly attenuated by L-NAME, without any changes in RT. With saline alone, none of these parameters changed during the study. These results suggest that NO may directly affect the release of AVP and ANH and the regulation of body temperature and blood pressure, but NO formed by IL-1β may not have direct effects on the release of these hormones, and the regulation of blood pressure and temperature.View full abstractDownload PDF (1146K) -
MARIKO KAMBE, KOKUREI ROU, TAKEHIKO TACHIBANA1994 Volume 174 Issue 1 Pages 71-83
Published: 1994
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSKAMBE, M., Rou, K. and TACHIBANA, T. Differences in Immune Responses to Tumor Induced in Syngeneic Hosts by Injection of Hybrid and Parental Tumor Cells. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1994, 174 (1), 71-83 - Immunization of C3H/He mice with L-FM3A#2 hybrid cells, made by fusion of ascitic mammary carcinoma FM3A#2 cells with 8-azaguanine resistant LAG cells, both of C3H/He mouse origin, resulted in spleen T cell-dependent resistance to the parental FM3A/R cells. These spleen T cells, purified by passing through a nylon fiber column, could be demonstrated to have Thy-1.2 and Lyt-2.1 antigens, and not L3/T4 antigens. After immunizing with irradiated FM3A/R cells, cytotoxic cells other than cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) appeared, these presumably being nonphagocytic macrophages or polymorphonuclear cells. In this case, anti MM antiserum was generated at an earlier stage than when mice were immunized with the L-FM3A#2 cells. The cytotoxic mechanism is discussed as to the significance of the surface antigen.View full abstractDownload PDF (1254K) -
MARIKO KAMBE, TAKEHIKO TACHIBANA1994 Volume 174 Issue 1 Pages 85-93
Published: 1994
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSKAMBE, M. and TACHIBANA, T. Unrestricted T Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity to Major Histocompatibility Antigen Generated with Tumor Hybrid Cells. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1994, 174 (1), 85-93 - Splenic T cells from C3H/He mice injected with the LFM3A#2 hybrid cells intraperitoneally (i.p.) showed cytotoxic activity against the parental FM3A/R tumor cells. We studied the target antigens recognized by cytotoxic T cells (CTL) and the following results were obtained. 1) CTL specifically recognized the MM antigens on the surface of target cells in effector phase. 2) The H-2K or H-2D antigens were not involved in T cell effector function.View full abstractDownload PDF (851K)
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