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Volume 104 (1971)
- Issue 4 Pages 305-
- Issue 3 Pages 205-
- Issue 2 Pages 105-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 104, Issue 4
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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TOSHIO YOSHIDA, KEIYA TADA, YOSHIYUKI HONDA, TSUNEO ARAKAWA1971 Volume 104 Issue 4 Pages 305-312
Published: 1971
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new entity of inborn error of histidine metabolism was described. This was characterized by 1) urocanic aciduria, which was exaggerated after an oral dose of L-histidine, 2) a delayed clearance curve of serum histidine levels after an oral dose of L-histidine, 3) urinary excretion of no detectable amounts of formiminoglutamic acid after an oral load with L-histidine or after an intravenous injection of urocanate, 4) a marked decrease in the urocanase activity of the liver, and 5) mental retardation of probably early onset.View full abstractDownload PDF (692K) -
HIDE-AKI SAITO, TAKESHI SHIMAHARA, YOSHIRO FUKADA1971 Volume 104 Issue 4 Pages 313-323
Published: 1971
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStimulus-response rélations of on-center optic nerve fibers of cat were investigated in reference to the classification of Type I (phasic, ON-I) and Type II (tonic, ON-II) using light spot presented for 25 seconds. The average discharge rate of the transient part of responses (0-500 msec after stimulus onset) varies as a function of spot-to-background luminance ratio for both ON-I and ON-II. The rate of increase of the discharges for ON-II is about twice as much as that of ON-I (80 impulses/sec for each one log unit increase of stimulus intensity for ON-I, 150 impulses/sec for ON-II), and the saturation level for both ON-I and ON-II is about 200 impulses/sec. The average discharge rate of ON-II's tonic part of responses (10-20 sec after stimulus onset) increases as a function of spot-to-background luminance ratio and reaches the peak (60 impulses/see), then, further increase in stimulus intensity causes a decrease of discharge rate. It is found that the inter-spike intervals of this tonic responses become strikingly constant after the peak is reached. The response latencies for ON-I and ON-II vary as a function of spot intensity and they are not largely affected by the background luminance. To the onset of a high contrast stimulus, ON-I responds with a burst discharge followed by a transient pause, while ON-II responds with continuously decreasing rate of discharges.View full abstractDownload PDF (592K) -
TAKAYOSHI TOYOTA, YOSHIHIRO ANDO, HIROMI NISHIMURA, YUKIMASA HIRATA1971 Volume 104 Issue 4 Pages 325-330
Published: 1971
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this study effect of maltose on the insulin secretion from the rat pancreas was examined according to the perfusion method of Anderson and Grodsky. Solution of Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer containing bovine albumin in four per cent was used as the perfusate. The solution of glucose, maltose, sucrose or lactose was perfused for 30 minutes. No effect of of maltose, sucrose or lactose (400mg/100ml) on the insulin secretion from the perfused rat pancreas was obtained, although glucose (400mg/100ml) stimulated the insulin secretion. These results suggested that maltose was not metabolized enough to release the insulin in the β-cells of the rat pancreas.View full abstractDownload PDF (276K) -
JUN FUJII, YOSHIO YAZAKI1971 Volume 104 Issue 4 Pages 331-334
Published: 1971
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSerial measurement of serum electrolytes was made in 15 rabbits from 1 to 9 weeks after the unilateral constriction of renal artery. Blood pressure promptly rose and remained raised. Serum potassium decreased from a control value of 4.08±0.09mEq/l (mean±SE) to 3.55±0.14mEq/l one week after the constriction of renal artery and remained reduced during the postoperative 9 weeks. Serum chloride showed only a temporary decrease and serum sodium showed no significant change during the period of observation.View full abstractDownload PDF (181K) -
TATSUO KOYANAGI, TERU TAKANOHASHI, KEIKO OIKAWA, TAKESHI KIMURA, MORIO ...1971 Volume 104 Issue 4 Pages 335-340
Published: 1971
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSExperiment was conducted to study the effects of improved rice diet on growth, kidney and blood pressure, by increasing protein and vitamin B and decreasing sodium chloride in diet. Young rats were divided into 4 groups and given the following 4 kinds of diet, respectively. Diet for group 1 consisted of 5% congealed soybean curd and 2.5% NaCl; for group 2, 5% congealed soybean curd and 1% NaCl; for group 3, 15% congealed soybean curd, 1% NaCl and 5% beer yeast; and for group 4, 30% dry skim milk. All diets were made to 100% with washed dried milled rice. Per 100g of diets 0.1mg of thiamine and 500 IU of vitamin A were added. In early part of the experiment, rats in groups 1 and 2 exhibited a sign of deficiency of pantothenic acid and riboflavin. At autopsy, rats fed soybean curd were found to have enlarged thyroids, indicating the deficiency of iodine. Severity of glomerulonephritis and tubular nephritis were greatest in animals of group 1 and were less in those of group 2, while almost normal in those of groups 3 and 4. From the data presented in this paper it is clear that the improvement of rice diet should be directedfor increasing protein and vitamin contents together with supplementation of iodine and for decreasing sodium chloride.View full abstractDownload PDF (392K) -
SHINJI WAKI1971 Volume 104 Issue 4 Pages 341-347
Published: 1971
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn dogs anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital, adrenal venous blood was collected and analyzed for adrenaline and noradrenaline fluorometrically. Electrical stimulation of the ventral spinal root from the fifth thoracic (T5) to the first lumbar (L1) segments produced a significant increase in adrenal medullary secretion. On the contrary, stimulation of the dorsal spinal root had no effect on adrenal medullary secretion. Unilateral section of the ventral spinal roots from T5 to L1 abolished an increased adrenal medullary secretion of the ipsilateral adrenal gland in response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Section of the dorsal spinal roots had no effect. It is concluded that the adrenal medullary secretory nerve fibers in dogs pass through the ventral spinal roots at the levels of T5-L1.View full abstractDownload PDF (427K) -
SHINJI NARITA1971 Volume 104 Issue 4 Pages 349-357
Published: 1971
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn dogs anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital the adrenal venous blood was collected and subjected to the analyses for adrenal medullary hormones and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS). A marked increase in adrenal medullary secretion was produced by an intravenous administration of histamine in doses of 0.1 and 0.2mg/kg. A significant increase in adrenal medullary secretion was also observed in dogs adminstered intravenously with 0.01-0.02mg/kg of histamine but not in dogs injected with 0.005mg/kg of histamine. The adrenal 17-OHCS secretion was increased significantly by an intravenous administration of 0.002-0.005mg/kg of histamine. It is concluded that the central nervous system center which controls the adrenal medullary secretion is less sensitive to histamine than the hypothalamopituitary-adrenocortical axis.View full abstractDownload PDF (485K) -
NOBUKAZU CHIDA, TSUNEO ARAKAWA1971 Volume 104 Issue 4 Pages 359-371
Published: 1971
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIncorporation of CDP-choline-1, 2-14C into phosphatidylcholine by brain homogenate and microsome was found to be higher than that of liver before and during active myelination period in rats. Incorporation of S-adenosylmethionine-methyl-14C into phosphatidylcholine by brain microsome was about 1/20 of that by liver microsome in two-week-old rats. These results indicate that in developing rat brain, phosphatidylcholine may be synthesized by transmethylation, to some extent, in addition to the major pathway via CDP-choline.View full abstractDownload PDF (648K) -
HIROSHI NAKAHAMA, NAOHIRO ISHII, MITSUAKI YAMAMOTO, HIROSHI SAITO1971 Volume 104 Issue 4 Pages 373-409
Published: 1971
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStochastic dependence of the consecutive interspike intervals of the spontaneous discharges of the central single neurons has been studied in cats. Out of 35 neurons examined with the stationarity test, 16 passed it: 3 from the ventrobasal complex where the modality was hair (VB), 6 from the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), 4 from the mesencephalic reticular formation (MRF), and 3 from the red nucleus (RN).
The interspike interval histogram in the VB and the LGN nuerons resembled the exponential and the bimodal distribution, while that in the MRF and the RN neurons did the gamma distribution.
The quantitative measures of correlation between interspike intervals were furnished by the serial correlation coefficient, the variance function and the joint interval histogram. They showed that there were no correlation in most of the VB and the LGN neurons, while there existed correlation in most of the MRF and the RN nuerons. Approximately similar results were obtained by the X2 test for Markov process.
A new quantitative measure which reflects Markov properties of the consecutive impulse sequences has been developed. It estimates the statistical dependency, d(τ), on the basis of Shannon's entropy. It has been confirmed theoretically that this measure is applicable in practice.
The value of d(τ) of adjacent interspike intervals obtained from the VB and the LGN neurons was approximately equal to that of the shuffled ones, while that from the MRF and the RN neurons was larger than that of the shuffled ones. This is to be regarded as the evidence of the fact that the spontaneous impulse activity of the VB and the LGN neurons has no Markov property, while that of the MRF and the RN neurons has at least first order Markov property.
The differentiation in two groups of the neurons is suggested to correlate with other functional characteristics of these neuron populations. However, the number of neurons sampled would have to be increased several-fold before the statistical differences in patterns of discharge could be made the basis for widely applicable generalizations about function.View full abstractDownload PDF (1852K)
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