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Volume 176 (1995)
- Issue 4 Pages 191-
- Issue 3 Pages 131-
- Issue 2 Pages 69-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 176, Issue 2
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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MIKAKO TSUKADA, YUTAKA YAMAZAKI, AKIO KOIZUMI1995 Volume 176 Issue 2 Pages 69-74
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTSUKADA, M., YAMAZAKI, Y. and KOIZUMI, A. Changes in Nitric Oxide Synthase Activities in the Cerebellum during Development and Aging of C57BL/6 Mice. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1995, 176 (2), 69-74 -Nitric oxide (NO) is one of the neurotransmitters in the cerebellum. Activities of NO synthase and densities of granule cells were determined in the cerebellum in an attempt to elucidate a mechanism of biochemical changes on the anatomical basis during aging. Activities of Ca2+/calmoduline dependent NO synthase were measured in the cerebellum in male and female mice, from 18 gestation days to 28 months of age. There were significant differences in NO synthase activities among the groups of prenatal (18 gestation days), middle aged (5-18 months) and old aged (21-28 months) mice. Between groups of old and middle ages, a significant decrease with aging was found in the mean density of granular cells, which express NO synthase. Changes in NO synthase activities and granule cell densities occurred to a similar degree between old and middle ages. The present data suggest that an age-associated rise and fall of its activities likely occur in parallel with those of granule cell densities, and thus may represent impairment of cerebellar function during aging.View full abstractDownload PDF (599K) -
PANAYIOTIS M. ZAVOS, JUAN B. CORREA, NIKOLAS SOFIKITIS, GEORGE D. KOFI ...1995 Volume 176 Issue 2 Pages 75-81
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSZAVOS, P.M., CORREA, J.R., SOFIKITIS, N., KOFINAS, G.D. and ZARMAKOUPIS, P.N. A Method of Short-Term Cryostorage and Selection of Viable Sperm for Use in the Various Assisted Reproductive Techniques. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1995, 176 (2), 75-81 - The objective of this study was to determine if spermatozoa, following short-term cyostorage at 5°C in Test-Yolk buffer (TYB; ZBL, Inc., Lexington, KY, USA), could be recovered and improved via the SpermPrepTM filtration method and to assess the possibly enhanced fertilizing capacity of the selected spermatozoa. Semen specimens from 20 men were collected, evaluated, diluted 1:1 (v/v) with TYB, divided into aliquots and cooled to 5°C for 24 and 48hr. Semen samples were assessed for volume, sperm count, percentage and grade of motility, percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa and outcome of the sperm penetration assay (SPA). After storage, aliquots were rewarmed at 37°C, centrifuged, and the pellet was resuspended in 1.0ml of SpermPrepTM media (ZBL, Inc.). Following 15min of incubation, the rewarmed spermatozoa were filtered via the SpermPrepTM I filtration column (ZBL, Inc.) and assessed accordingly. The results obtained in this study indicate that the short-term cryostorage procedure yielded spermatozoa of adequate qualitative characteristics when compared to the fresh spermatozoa. Furthermore, filtration of rewarmed specimens yielded spermatozoa of significantly higher qualitative characteristics and superior fertilizing capacity following a short-term cyostorage period in TYB when compared to fresh and rewarmed spermatozoa (p<0.05). This method of short-term cyostorage in TYB and selection of superior spermatozoa via the SpermPrepTM filtration method could further enhance the fertilizing ability of patients who produce spermatozoa characterized by deficient capacitation, acrosome reaction and subsequent fertilization.View full abstractDownload PDF (722K) -
YASUE FUKUSHI, TERUTAKA OZAWA, MAKOTO WAKUI, AKINORI NISHIYAMA1995 Volume 176 Issue 2 Pages 83-97
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFUKUSHI, Y., OZAWA, T., WAKUI, M. and NISHIYAMA, A. Sr2+ can Pass through Ca2+ Entry Pathway Activated by Ca2+ Depletion, but can be Hardly Taken up by the Ca2+ Stores in the Rat Salivary Acinar Cells. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1995, 176 (2), 83-97 - When Sr2+ was introduced to the external solution after the depletion of Ca2+ from stores of submandibular acinar cells by ACh stimulation, Sr2+ entered cytoplasm of the cell, like the case of Ca2+ SK&F 96365, a Ca2+ channel blocker, or Ni2+ blocked this divalent cation entry. Sr2+ entering the cell continued to increase to a steady level, after the cessation of stimulation, when Sr2+ was present in the external solution, unlike the case of Ca2+. Ca2+ entered cells which had been stimulated with ACh in Sr2+-containing external solution. In the cells to which Sr2+ has been applied after the store depletion with ACh, Sr2+ cannot be released by the renewed ACh stimulation, unlike the case of Ca2+ 89Sr2+ uptake by the parotidic microsomal fraction 100min after addition of ATP was 15.08±0.70nmol/mg protein, whereas 45Ca2+ uptake was 144.19± 16.93nmol/mg protein. It was concluded that in the salivary acinar cells Sr2+ can be a substituent for Ca2+ in the mechanism of entry from the extracellular fluid but cannot be in the mechanism of uptake into the stores.View full abstractDownload PDF (1429K) -
ICHIRO TSUJI, YUKO MINAMI, JING-HUA LI, AKIRA FUKAO, SHIGERU HISAMICHI ...1995 Volume 176 Issue 2 Pages 99-107
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTSUJI, I., MINAMI, Y., LI, J., FUXAO, A., HISAMICHI, S., ASANO, H., SATO, M. and SHINODA, K. Dementia and Physical Disability as Competing Risks for Mortality in a Community-Based Sample of the Elderly Japanese. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1995, 176 (2), 99-107 - To examine whether an excess mortality due to dementia is independent of coexisting physical disability, a probability-sample of the non-institutionalized elderly (n=3, 308) living in Sendai City, Japan was followed between 1988 and 1991. Of those, 128 were diagnosed as dementia in 1988 by psychiatrists, using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition-Revised as a diagnostic standard. Information on the ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL) was collected by self-report of the study subjects in 1988 baseline survey. The survival status was investigated three years later. The risks of dementia and co-existing ADL disability for mortality was examined by Cox proportional hazard models. The results indicated that the relation between dementia and mortality was two-fold, depending upon the physical functions. Dementia increased the risk for mortality among those without ADL disability, but it did not so among those with ADL disability, rather ADL function was a stronger predictor for mortality among the latter individuals. Prevention and treatment of physical disability would be important for improving the survival of the demented people.View full abstractDownload PDF (937K) -
KAZUNORI MATSUSHITA, KEN-ICHI SHINODA, TOSHIO AKIYOSHI, HIDEO WATANABE1995 Volume 176 Issue 2 Pages 109-120
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMATSUSHITK, A., SHINODA, K., AKIYOSHI, T. and WATANABE, H. Multivariate Analysis of Limb Long Bone Growth during the Human Prenatal Period. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1995, 176 (2), 109-120 - Prenatal development of the human limb bones (humerus, ulna, radius, femur, tibia, fibula) was studied. Cross-sectional data, consisting of 21 anthropometric measures of these bones were collected from 122 Japanese fetuses between the gestational ages of 18 and 40 weeks. Principal component analysis was applied to the data to provide multivariate assessments of morphological patterning among the variables. Three orthogonal components that accounted for 94.2% of the overall sample variation were extracted. The first component accounted for 88.2% of the variation and represented an axis of overall body size that was dependent on gestational age. The second and third components both reflected a trend in shape involving the cartilaginous parts of the humerus and femur. The findings indicated that different growth factors existed between the ossified and cartilaginous parts of fetal long bones. Multivariate allometric coefficients were extracted from the first principal component. The variables that were related to the construction of the articulate showed positive allometry, and the central widths of the diaphysis showed negative allometry compared with total size. In prenatal skeleton, certain shape changes are functionally linked to and required by changes in body size. A comparison among thecoefficients of long bone length revealed that lower limb bones grew faster than upper limb bones during the period under study here. Allometric coefficients were equivalent among bones within a limb, whereas homologous bones in the upper and lower limb grew at different rates.View full abstractDownload PDF (1165K) -
HIROYUKI KATO, SET EMURA, TOSHINOBU TAKASHIMA, KEIZO OHMORI, TOSHIAKI ...1995 Volume 176 Issue 2 Pages 121-126
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSKATO, H., EMURA, S., TAKASHIMA, T., OHMORI, K, and SUNAGA, T. Gadolinium-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Meningeal Carcinomatosis in Colon Cancer. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1995, 176 (2), 121-126 - Meningeal carcinomatosis has been infrequently reported in colorectal carcinoma. Recently the value of gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the examination of this disease has been described. We report a 55-year-old man with meningeal carcinomatosis from a known colon cancer. In this case, a gadoliniumenhanced MRI of the brain showed enhancing dura and nodular lesions which were not detected by enhanced computed tomography. The gadolinium-enhanced MRI may serve as an indicator of leptomeningeal involvement and may be a useful test in addition to the evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid cytology and chemistry.View full abstractDownload PDF (884K) -
WEI-MING SHIAN, IWAO SASAKI, YASUHIKO KAMIYAMA, HIROO NAITO, YUJI FUNA ...1995 Volume 176 Issue 2 Pages 127-130
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSHIAN, W.-M., SASAKI, I., KAMIYAMA, Y., NAITO, H., FUNAYAMA, Y., MATSUNO, S. and MIYAZAWA, T. Gastric Mucosal Phosphatidylcholine Hydroperoxide Increases during Cold Water-Immersion Restraint Stress in Rats. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1995, 176 (2), 127-130 - To know the role of lipid peroxidation in the pathogenesis of stress-induced gastric mucosal lesions, we performed the present study. Both gastric mucosal lesions and gastric mucosal phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxides (PCOOH) levels during cold water-immersion restraint (CWIR) stress were measured by the chemiluminecence-HPLC method in Sprague-Dawley rats. Ulcer indices increased time-dependently during the stress. Gastric mucosal PCOOH levels also significantly increased and reached a peak level (250% of untreated level) after 2hr of stress. These results suggest that lipid peroxidation may play an important role in the pathogenesis of gastric mucosal lesions induced CWIR stress.View full abstractDownload PDF (461K)
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