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Volume 180 (1996)
- Issue 4 Pages 289-
- Issue 3 Pages 197-
- Issue 2 Pages 87-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 180, Issue 3
November
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Regular Contributions
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Takeshi Yamamoto, Motoyasu Ishii, Takayoshi Toyota1996 Volume 180 Issue 3 Pages 197-208
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: July 06, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWhile recent data in intrahepatic bile duct epithelial cells (IBDECs) isolated from normal rat liver have established their ability to undergo endocytosis, few studies have assessed endocytosis in IBDECs in situ. Thus, to clarify the activity of IBDECs in situ on macro-molecules in bile and blood, we injected horseradish peroxidase (HRP) into either the common bile duct or the portal vein, and determined its intracellular distribution by electron microscopic cytochemistry. Successful retrograde injection into the common bile duct was achieved by resection of the liver surface so as to avoid HRP leakage from the bile duct on injection. IBDECs internalized HRP through both the apical and basolateral plasma membranes. By quantitative analysis, counting the number of HRP-positive vesicles in the cells, apical endocytosis was found more active than basolateral. HRP internalized through the apical membrane was either routed to the acid phosphatase-positive lysosomes for degradation or to extracellular space for transcytosis. HRP through the basolateral membrane was transferred to the organelles having lipid inclusion, which were expected to be lysosomes negative for acid phosphatase. Our results suggest that IBDECs in situ are actively engaged in endocytosis for degradation of macromolecules in bile and blood, and possibly engaged in the excretion of macromolecules into extracellular space.View full abstractDownload PDF (4391K) -
Hideo Okonogi, Masayoshi Nakagawa, Yoko Tsuji1996 Volume 180 Issue 3 Pages 209-215
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: July 06, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of a 4.7 tesla (T) static magnetic field (SMF) on the frequency of micronucleated cells (MN-cells) in CHL/IU cells induced by mitomycin C (MMC) were studied in vitro. Exposure to a 4.7 T SMF for 6 hr significantly decreased the frequency of MMC-induced MN-cells for expression culture periods of 18, 42, 54 and 66 hr. The highest frequency of MMC-induced MN-cells was observed at the expression culture period of 42 hr and decreased gradually in the same manner in both exposed and control groups. These results suggest that a 4.7 T SMF may exert on influence during the DNA damage stage produced by MMC rather than on the formation of micronuclei during the stage following MMC-induced DNA damage.View full abstractDownload PDF (417K) -
Kazuo Irita, Toshihiro Kawasaki, Hirotsugu Okamoto, Takako Matsukado, ...1996 Volume 180 Issue 3 Pages 217-223
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: July 06, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEvery organ in the body requires oxygen to perform its function. In liver transplantation and extracorporeal hepatic resection, oxygen utilization by the graft or the re-implanted liver is a prerequisite for restoration of liver function. We compared the changes in systemic oxygen consumption in a patient who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation with those in two patients who underwent extracorporeal hepatic resection. The pre-anhepatic systemic oxygen consumption in the patient who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation seemed to be lower than that in the patients who underwent extracorporeal hepatic resection, possibly due to the depressed oxygen utilization which sometimes occurs in cirrhotic patients. The increase in oxygen consumption or the overconsumption of oxygen after reperfusion was more significant in the patient who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation than in the patients who underwent extracorporeal hepatic resection. The possible causes might be the greater hepatic oxygen debt, an associated intestinal oxygen debt, and/or the greater ischemia/reperfusion-induced overproduction of superoxide anion in the patient who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation. The differences between the changes in systemic oxygen consumption during orthotopic liver transplantation and those during extracorporeal hepatic resection further support the usefulness of systemic oxygen consumption to predict the immediate restoration of blood flow and oxygen utilization in the graft or the re-implanted liver. These findings also support the importance of evaluating oxygen consumption to confirm whether the critically ill or unconscious patient can utilize oxygen on demand or not.View full abstractDownload PDF (420K) -
Takao Fukaya, Sadanori Chida, Takashi Murakami, Akira Yajima1996 Volume 180 Issue 3 Pages 225-232
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: July 06, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn vitro co-culture of embryos and somatic cells is used to obtain well-developed embryos of humans and other species. However, it is not known whether direct cell-to-cell contact is essential to embryonic development. To elucidate this mechanism, we cultured mouse embryos using rabbit oviductal cell as a somatic cell. To avoid the direct contact we used a microporous membrane cell-culture insert. This cell-culture insert permits only the liquid portion of the culture medium to pass through it and was interposed between mouse embryos and cultured rabbit oviductal cells. When mouse embryos were placed on the cultured oviductal cells directly, 52.2% of two-cell-stage embryos developed to the blastocyst stage. In contrast, when the cell-culture insert was interposed between the embryos and the cultured oviductal cells, 50.0% of two-cell-stage embryos developed to that stage. There was no difference between the rate of blastocyst development in co-culture system with and without cell culture insert. Results indicate that oviductal factor (s), rather than a direct contact with oviductal cells, is essential to the enhancement of embryonic development in vitro.View full abstractDownload PDF (1568K) -
Yoshishige Miyake, Takaya Oda, Rou Li, Kohachiro Sugiyama1996 Volume 180 Issue 3 Pages 233-247
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: July 06, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe compared amino acid sequences of hepatitis B virus (HBV) S protein deduced from analyzed DNA sequence in 46 children who received immunoprophylaxis to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HBV. They were classified into 6 groups by their clinical features. The antibody escape mutants were found in 8 cases among 46 cases. We studied the difference in clinical features in these cases and speculated that 126 Ser or 140 Ser-strain may have a different behavior in relation to antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen from 126 Asn or 145 Arg-strain.View full abstractDownload PDF (717K) -
Shinichiro Shimbo, Ikuno Hatai, Takako Saito, Minako Yokota, Yoshiko I ...1996 Volume 180 Issue 3 Pages 249-259
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: July 06, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwenty four-hr total food duplicate samples were collected from nonsmoking house-wives (aged mostly 30 to 60 years) twice at a 10-year interval in winter seasons, once in around 1980 and then in around 1990 in 11 prefectures in Japan. In practice, 342 and 472 samples were obtained in the 1980 and 1990 studies, respectively. Sodium chloride (NaCl) intake via each food item was estimated from the weight of the item in the duplicate. The comparison of 1990 results with 1980 results showed that the total NaCl intake (i.e., NaCl intake via all food items) decreased after a 10-year campaign to lower salt intake. The NaCl/energy ratio however stayed essentially unchanged. Whereas NaCl intake via pickles decreased remarkably and that via miso paste [a fermentation product of soy bean, rice (or wheat) and salt] slightly, the decreases were counteracted by a substantial increase in NaC1 intake via soy bean sauce. Meaning of this unexpected counteraction was discussed in relation to the difficulties in the campaign to lower salt intake.View full abstractDownload PDF (696K) -
Cesar Paez, Ryo Konno, Nobuo Yaegashi, Gen Matsunaga, Ivan Araujo, Fab ...1996 Volume 180 Issue 3 Pages 261-272
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: July 06, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCervical cancer is about 6 times more frequent in Ecuador than in Japan. We investigated the association between infection by the human papillomavirus (HPV) and the genesis of cervical cancer in specimens of lesions of the cervical epithelium obtained from patients in Ecuador and Japan. We also examined the results of HPV DNA detection and typing by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) performed under the same technical conditions in areas with differing rates of cervical cancer. Purified tissue DNA from paraffin-embedded samples was amplified by PCR with universal and type-specific primers. HPV DNA was detected in 8 (20%) of 40 normal cervical epithelial samples from Ecuadorian patients, 19 (45%) of 42 low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), 16 (50%) of 32 high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), and 38 (81%) of 47 invasive squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) compared with 3 (10%) of 30 normal cervical specimens from Japanese patients, 107 (51%) of 210 HSILs, and 45 (71%) of 63 SCCs. The prevalence of HPV types 16 and 18 rose significantly with increasing histological grade (p<0.05). The prevalence of HPV DNA decreased with increasing age in both Ecuadorian and Japanese patients. The detection rate and type-specific distribution of HPV DNA were not correlated with geographic location. Findings suggest that risk factors associated with poverty and under-development may influence the prevalence of HPV infection and the sequence of events after HPV infection culminating in cervical cancer. These factors may help to explain the differing geographic distribution of this disease.View full abstractDownload PDF (1054K) -
Yuko Harada, Noriaki Ohuchi, Takashi Masuko, Yoshihito Funaki, Shozo M ...1996 Volume 180 Issue 3 Pages 273-288
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: July 06, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have characterized a new tumor-associated antigen defined by monoclonal antibody (MAb) generated against HMA-1 breast cancer cell line. MAb AM-1 was selected based on its preferential reactivity to breast cancer cells versus to normal or benign epithelial cells by immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical assays of cultured, or fresh specimens. AM-1 demonstrated strong reactivity to breast cancer cell lines including HMA-1, YMB-1-E, YMB-1 and MDA-MB-231 in flow cytometry. In immunoprecipitation, AM-1 recognized high molecular weight components of 160-210 kDa and > 370 kDa. Reactivity with HMA-1 cells was diminished markedly when treated by heat, protease or periodate, suggesting that the antigenic epitope is composed with carbohydrates and peptides. Enzyme digestion of precipitated antigens demonstrated that the antigen contains O-linked and N-linked carbohydrates with neuraminic acid structures. Furthermore, binding inhibition and sandwich ELISA assays using MAbs reactive with known breast cancer-associated antigens and synthetic MUC1 core peptide (PDTRPAPGSTAPPAHGVTSAPDTR) demonstrated that the antigen is distinct from CEA, TAG-72 or MUC1, while the antigen conjoins with MUC1 and TAG-72 as a trimmer form in HMA-1 cells. These results suggest that AM-1 recognizes a novel glycoprotein which is abundant in breast cancer, and may be utilized in the management of breast cancer patients.View full abstractDownload PDF (2017K)
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