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Volume 131 (1980)
- Issue 4 Pages 313-
- Issue 3 Pages 209-
- Issue 2 Pages 103-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 131, Issue 2
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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TAMOTSU TAKISHIMA, SHIGERU SATO, TAKESHI AOKI, SHINSAKU MAEDA1980 Volume 131 Issue 2 Pages 103-117
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChanges in the behavior of sputum viscoelasticity due to differences in macroscopic appearance of sputum brought about by stirring and those due to the addition of an expectorant to purulent sputum in vitro, were studied in a coaxial cylinder rheometer. First, initial results from stirring the sputum indicated the following: Samples of untreated sputum showed no obvious differences among the three macroscopic groups, mucoid, mucopurulent and purulent, on the basis of dynamic viscoelasticity. However, when they were stirred sufficiently, dynamic viscosity and storage modulus increased in mucoid sputum and decreased in purulent sputum. Second, the addition of expectorants revealed the following results: (i) When distilled water was used as a control substance added to sputum, the addition of 0.5% semialkaline proteinase to sputum decreased the dynamic viscosity and storage modulus of the sputum to a large extent. (ii) The addition of 0.2% Bromhexine exerted a small influence upon the dynamic viscosity and slightly increased the storage modulus. (iiii) The addition of 20% N-acetyl-L-cysteine increased the dynamic viscosity slightly, but decreased the storage modulus to a large extent. In brief, each expectorant exerted a unique influence on the viscoelasticity of sputum. These results were discussed with regard to their clinical significance.View full abstractDownload PDF (832K) -
YASUYUKI NAKAJIMA, SEIKI MATSUNO, NOBORU NOTO, YOICHI SAITOR, TOSHIO S ...1980 Volume 131 Issue 2 Pages 119-126
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn improved method of radioimmunoassay was devised to offer a successful formula for determining blood concentration of elastase. With porcine pancreatic elastase as the antigen, rabbits were immunized to obtain antiserum. Iodinated elastase labeled by the chloramine T procedure using 131I (or 125I) had a specific activity of 200-300 mCi/mg. The double antibody method was used for BF separation. While the usual method of radioimmunoassay was not always successful in obtaining accurate serum concentration of elastase, the use of diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP) was able to eliminate the disturbing influence of intra-serous inhibitors, αl-AT and α2-M, eventually producing satisfactory results. With the use of DFP, the elastase standard curve and the porcine serum dilution curve had a statistically significant correlation; precision and recovery were both satisfactory; cross-reactivity of the antiserum with trypsin and chymotrypsin was less than 0.001%. The minimal detectable concentration of elastase was 5ng/ml, and the range of normal fasting porcine serum level was 70-100ng/ml.View full abstractDownload PDF (426K) -
YASUYUKI NAKAJIMA, SEIKI MATSUNO, NOBORU NOTO, YOICHI SAITOH, TOSHIO S ...1980 Volume 131 Issue 2 Pages 127-134
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAcute hemorrhagic pancreatitis was produced in pig to study serum concentration of elastase and its physiological role. Pancreatitis was induced in two groups of young pigs by the injection of autologous bile. One group was injected with autologous bile (0.5ml/kg) at high pressure, and the second group was injected at low pressure (100cm H2O). Then femoral blood, portal blood and thoracic lymph were sampled at scheduled time intervals. The control level of immunoreactive elastase was around 90ng/ml in each site, which significantly increased beginning 15min after bile injection; the level of immunoreactive elastase was higher in the thoracic lymph duct than in the femoral and portal vein. The total and free elastase of both groups in pancreatic tissue were significantly decreased in pancreatitis, and an abundance of immunoreactive elastase was found in the ascites. The increasing pattern of immunoreactive elastase and amylase after bile injection was very similar. Therefore, the level of immunoreactive elastase was considered to be inadequate to determine the grade of severity of pancreatitis as well as the level of amylase which is already known.View full abstractDownload PDF (1739K) -
TETSUO KATO, TATSUZO HEBIGUCHI, MORIO KASAI1980 Volume 131 Issue 2 Pages 135-142
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecently the so-called anomalous arrangement of the pancreatico-biliary duct has often been found in congenital choledochal cyst. This anomaly was also observed in all of our 11 cases in which cholangiograms demonstrated the lower portion of the common bile duct. Therefore, this anomaly has been thought to be responsible for the formation of choledochal cyst by many authors. In order to clarify the etiology of choledochal cyst, we made a model of the anomalous arrangement of the pancreatico-biliary duct in 6 puppies by pancreatico-cholecystostomy. Cystic or spindle-shaped dilatation of the common bile duct was found in all 6 animals. It was proved that digestive effects of proteolytic enzymes in refluxed pancreatic juice on the wall of the biliary duct caused chemical inflammation, which made the structural weakness of the common bile duct and stenosis at its lower portion. Destruction of elastic fibers was principal for the weakness of biliary duct. The wall of biliary duct is likely to be affected by activated pancreatic juice more severely than that of pancreatic duct. Anomalous arrangement of the pancreaticobiliary duct is a most important factor for etiology of congenital choledochal cyst.View full abstractDownload PDF (2431K) -
TAKEHIRO MITSUHASHI, ROKURO ARAI, HISASHI SAWA1980 Volume 131 Issue 2 Pages 143-150
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwenty-four rabbits were divided into three groups. Ten and eight of these animals were injected with Sephadex G 100 particle suspension [particle size 40 to 120 μm; 72, 000 particles in 0.5ml phosphate buffered saline (PBS)] and with Sephadex G 50-coarse particle suspension [particle size 150 to 300μm; 1, 800 particles in 0.5ml PBS], respectively, twice a week intravenously, and the others were injected with PBS alone as control in the same way. Fifteen or 60min before sacrifice these animals were treated with injections of 10 to 20 μCi of thallium-201 in 0.2ml saline. In the Sephadex G 100 embolic animals, the mean weight ratio of the right ventricular free wall (RV) to the left ventricular free wall (LV) plus septum (S) was 36.7% at 4 to 6 weeks, 41.4% at 7 to 9 weeks and 33.4% at 10 to 13 weeks. The mean ratio in the total Sephadex G 100 embolic animals was 36.8±1.9 (S. D.)%, which was approximately 1.30 times as high as control values (control 27.3± 0.9%, p<0.005). In the Sephadex G 50-coarse embolic animals, the weight ratio was 45.5% at 6 weeks, and the mean ratio was 35.3% at 7 to 9 weeks and 31.0% at 10 to 13 weeks. In the total Sephadex G 50-coarse embolic animals it was 34.4±2.6%, which was also significantly different from control value at p<0.05. These data suggest that repeated pulmonary embolization can produce right ventricular hypertrophy. In the distribution of thallium-201, the mean activity ratio of RV to LV +S was 16.4±3.9% in control animals. In the Sephadex G 100 embolic animals it was 31.4% at 4 to 6 weeks, 23.4% at 7 to 9 weeks and 21.1% at 10 to 13 weeks. The mean activity ratio in the total Sephadex G 100 embolic animals was 24.0±2.7%. In the Sephadex G 50-coarse embolic animals the ratio was 49.0% at 6 weeks. The mean ratio was 19.4% at 7 to 9 weeks, and 12.5% at 10 to 13 weeks. In the total Sephadex G 50 embolic animals it was 21. 0±5.1%. These data suggest that the RV weight in experimental right ventricular hypertrophy induced by repeated pulmonary embolization was not always proportional to the increased uptake of the tracer in the myocardium.View full abstractDownload PDF (505K) -
MAKITO SATO, KEISHI ABE, MINORU YASUJIMA, YOICHI OTSUKA, SATORU CHIBA, ...1980 Volume 131 Issue 2 Pages 151-159
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUrinary excretion of prostaglandin E (PGE) in 8 patients with Bartter's syndrome measured by the radioimmunoassay method was not augmented over the normal values. In one of them, urinary excretion of sodium, potassium, chloride and PGE, serum sodium, potassium and chloride, plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentration were studied before and after the administration of propranolol, spironolactone, indomethacin and potassium chloride. Neither propranolol nor spironolactone affected any of these parameters. Indomethacin promptly reduced urinary excretion of sodium, potassium, chloride and PGE, and markedly suppressed the renin-aldosterone system. Serum potassium was elevated, but remained still in hypokalemic range. Potassium chloride was most effective in raising the serum potassium level during the first 4 weeks of administration. These results suggest that overproduction of renal PGs is not the primary cause of Bartter's syndrome, and that the renal potassium wastage is one of the etiological factors in this syndrome. It has also been suggested that hyperreninemia in this syndrome was associated in some way with renal PGs, not PGE but other series of PGs.View full abstractDownload PDF (1058K) -
NAOKI MITSUHASHI, SHOICHI SAKAMOTO1980 Volume 131 Issue 2 Pages 161-165
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe isolated bacterial strains from catheter urine of patients with underlying diseases and investigated their resistance to various drugs. It was found that Serratia marcescens strains were most frequently isolated, from which R plasmids were identified at a high frequency (70%). According to the resistance patterns of R plasmids, prevalence of multiply resistant S. marcescens strains was concluded by selection of the organism according to drugs used and by infection with the organism, and the spread of R plasmids encoding multiple resistance.View full abstractDownload PDF (276K) -
MASAHIKO ENDO, OSAMU NAMIKI, HIROSHI MUNAKATA, ZENSAKU YOSIZAWA1980 Volume 131 Issue 2 Pages 167-175
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCrude urinary glycosaminoglycans (GAG) obtained from normal adult men were fractionated by ethanol-fractionation, followed by Dowex 1 column chromatography. The resulting acidic subfractions were qualitatively analyzed for monosaccharide composition and examined by electrophoresis on cellulose acetate membrane and paper chromatography before and after mucopolysaccharidase digestions. Some of the major subfractions were also examined by gel filtration and infrared spectral analysis. The result showed that urinary GAG were extremely heterogeneous in the molecular size, negative charge and the chemical composition. Hyaluronic acid, heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfates A and C, chondroitin, dermatan sulfate and keratan sulfate were found in wide distribution in these acidic subfractions. Of these GAG, chondroitin sulfate isomers were distributed into almost all acidic subfractions, indicating to be the most heterogeneous.View full abstractDownload PDF (490K) -
SHIN-ICHI MASU, AKIHIKO SATO, MAKOTO SEIJI1980 Volume 131 Issue 2 Pages 177-196
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSo-called Civatte bodies were investigated with light and electron microscopes in six patients with Riehl's melanosis. They were present in the lower part of the epidermis and/or in the upper dermis of the lesions of all patients. In the epidermis they were composed of wavily arranged fine filaments and entangled melanosomes, desmosomes and other cell organelles. In the dermis Civatte bodies seemed to transform into net-like or more amorphous masses. Melanosomes, desmosomes and other cell organelles were also observed within them, although in small numbers. Dermal components containing collagen fibrils were occasionally seen to have merged into the rims of Civatte bodies in the dermis. And these Civatte bodies appeared to incorporate the adjacent dermal components and further mix with them to transform into amyloid-like filament masses. The amyloid-like filament masses consisted of straight and nonbranching filaments and were observed in the lesions of four patients under the electron microscope. However, they could not be identified as amyloid itself with light microscope, because they were negative in both the thioflavin T and congo red stainings.View full abstractDownload PDF (8902K) -
MASAHIRO SUZUKI, NAOHISA MORI, YOSHITANE WATABE1980 Volume 131 Issue 2 Pages 197-205
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of end-inspiratory pause (EIP) on respiratory function were studied in 10 patients operated curatively for esophageal cancer. During intrathoracic manipulation, markedly decreased PaO2, and increased A-aDO2 and Qs/Qt were observed suggesting the occurrence of plenty of atelectatic alveoli, while no significant change in PaCO2 nor VD/VT was recognized. The impaired oxygenation was gradually improved with a stepwise increment of EIP added to the controlled ventilation with 5cmH2O of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) after chest was closed. With 5% of EIP, A-aDO2 and Qs/Qt decreased significantly, but not any change in ventilation was obtained. When EIP was increased to 10%, PaO2 increased remarkably and A-aDO2, Qs/Qt and VD/VT decreased without significant change in circulation. By 15% of EIP, no more improvement in PaO2 nor A-aDO2 was obtained in spite of decrease in Qs/Qt and VD/VT. Arterial blood pressure decreased significantly followed by an increase in mean airway pressure. Considering that essential time for the redistribution of inspired gas between lung compartments is 0.4 sec and that excessive positive airway pressure is harmful to circulation, 10% of EIP with 5cmH2O PEEP was concluded to be the most suitable combination in the controlled ventilation for the patients undergone open-chest surgery.View full abstractDownload PDF (593K) -
Role of the Joint CapsuleNORIKAZU IRIS, RYUICHI NAKAMURA1980 Volume 131 Issue 2 Pages 207-208
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 28, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTohoku J. exp. Med., 1980, 131 (2), 207-208 - EMG-reaction times (EMG-RTs) of the rectus femoris in midposition (M) and internally rotated position (IR) of the right hip joint were examined in nine control subjects and nine patients who had lost most of the capsule of a hip joint after total hip joint replacement procedure. In both groups EMG-RTs of the rectus femoris were faster at IR than at M. The difference of EMG-RTs between M and IR was essentially the same in the two groups. It is assumed that information from proprioceptors in the joint capsule may not play an important role in postural dependence of EMG-RTs of the muscle.View full abstractDownload PDF (149K)
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