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Volume 165 (1991)
- Issue 4 Pages 247-
- Issue 3 Pages 165-
- Issue 2 Pages 67-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 165, Issue 3
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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KAZUTETSU AOSHIBA, ATSUSHI NAGAI, TAKAO TAKIZAWA1991 Volume 165 Issue 3 Pages 165-170
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAOSHIBA, K., NAGAI, A. and TAKIZAWA, T. Effects of Proteinase Inhibitors on Polymorphonuclear Neutrophil Polarization. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1991, 165 (3), 165-170-Polarization of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) can be elicited by the chemotactic peptide N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) and the microtuble-disrupting compound colchicine. Here we report on whether natural and synthetic proteinase inhibitors alter the polarizing response to these two agents. The α1-proteinase inhibitor, N-tosyl-L-phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone, and Nα-tosyl-L-lysine chloromethyl ketone suppress fMLP-induced polarization and locomotion in a dose-dependent fashion, but none of them affects colchicine-induced polarization. We suggest that proteinase inhibitors suppress fMLP-induced polarization by blocking cell surface proteinases that generate an intracellular signal for cytoskeletal change and polarization.View full abstractDownload PDF (483K) -
NORITAKA INOMATA, HIDENOBU YOSHIDA, YASUJI AOKI, MASASHI TSUNODA, MASA ...1991 Volume 165 Issue 3 Pages 171-182
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSINOMATA, N., YOSHIDA, H., AOKI, Y., TSUNODA, M. and YAMAMOTO, M. Effects of MCPA and Other Phenoxyacid Compounds on Hepatic Xenobiotic Metabolism in Rats. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1991, 165 (3), 171-182-The effects of ethyl 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetate (MCPA) and other phenoxyacid compounds on hepatic xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes were studied in male rats. These compounds were administered orally 200mg/kg/day to the rats for 2 weeks. Both MCPA and clofibrate increased the hepatic level of cytochrome P-450. In the MCPA-treated group, the activities of aniline hydroxylase and 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase increased by 15% and 1.5-fold, respectively. The free acid form of MCPA increased these activities more potently than MCPA. Both MCPA and its free acid did not change the activity of aminopyrine N-demethylase. A marked increase in the activity of aniline hydroxylase was noted in the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid-treated group, whereas the aminopyrine N-demethylase activity significantly decreased in the same group. Clofibrate also increased the activities of hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450-mediated oxidation tested, but to a lesser extent when compared with the effects of MCPA. These results indicate that MCPA may have a potent effect on the hepatic metabolizing enzymes in rats, and also that the induction of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes may change when the chemical moiety of phenoxyacid compounds is modified.View full abstractDownload PDF (1053K) -
KAZUHISA TAKEUCHI, KEISHI ABE, KAZUTAKA MAEYAMA, MAKITO SATO, MINORU Y ...1991 Volume 165 Issue 3 Pages 183-192
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTAKEUCHI, K., ABE, K., MAEYAMA, K., SATO, M., YASUJIMA, M., WATANABE, T. and YOSHINAGA, K. Simultaneous Measurements of Cytosolic Free Calcium Level and Prostaglandin Synthesis Reveal a Correlation between Them in Perfused Monolayer of Cultured Rat Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells: Effects of Bradykinin and Angiotensin II. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1991, 165 (3), 183-192-The level of cytosolic free calcium ([Ca2+]I) and the production rate of prostacyclin were simultaneously measured in perfused monolayers of cultured vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cells. After loading of fura-2 (a fluorescent calcium indicator), the monolayer of VSM cells (cultured on a cover glass) was fixed in the perfusion cuvette and the cuvette was placed in a fluorometer to monitor the change in [Ca2+]i. The monolayer was perfused and the fractionated perfusion solution was collected to determine 6-keto-PGF1a (a metabolite of prostacyclin) production found in the solution. Afterwards, the time-dependent changes in [Ca2+]i and 6-keto-PGF1a synthesis were compared. Bradykinin (BK, 10-6M), angiotensin (Ang) II (10-7M) as well as ionomycin (10-6M) induced simultaneous increases in [Ca2+]i and 6-keto-PGF1a production. An inhibitor against prostaglandin synthesis, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, 10-6M) abolished BK-induced 6-keto-PGF1a synthesis, whereas ASA did not affect the increase in [Ca2+]i. BK-induced increases in [Ca2+]i and 6-keto-PGF1a production occurred in a dose-dependent manner and the half maximal response was observed at the same concentration of BK (10-7M). These results indicate that an increase in [Ca2+]i is closely associated with BK as well as AngII-induced prostacyclin synthesis. It is suggested that an increase in [Ca2+]i plays a prior role in prostacyclin synthesis. Thus, an interaction between phospholipase A2 (prostaglandin synthesis) and phospholipase C (inositol trisphosphate-Ca2+mobilization) is suggested.View full abstractDownload PDF (1019K) -
KIYOAKI DUCHI, KAZUNORI TAKEDA, SEIKI MATSUNIO1991 Volume 165 Issue 3 Pages 193-199
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOUCHI, K., TAKEDA, K. and MATSUNO, S. Efficacy of Patient-Controlled Analgesia for Management of Pain after Abdominal Operations. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1991, 165 (3), 193-199-In order to control pain during the early postoperative period, patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with buprenorphine as an analgesic drug was applied in 23 patients undergoing abdominal operations. With this “on demand” system, the patient was allowed to self-administer narcotic analgesic medication using a programmable infusion pump. Overdose could be minimized with a mandatory lock-out interval between allowable injections. Average total requirement of buprenorphine was 0.355mg at 48hr after operation. Nineteen of the 23 (82.6%) patients characterized their pain control as “excellent” or “good”. In these patients there existed high correlation between the total number of patient attempts and the number of successful injections. The PCA system was thought to provide improved pain relief at smaller total drug dosages. In addition, earlier and greater spontaneous physical activity was maintained with PCA therapy. The potential for overdose could be minimized, and thereby PCA appears to be an efficacious and safe method of providing for postoperative pain relief.View full abstractDownload PDF (595K) -
KAZUHISA TAKEUCHI, KEISHI ABE, MINORU YASUJIMA, MAKITO SATO, MASAYA TA ...1991 Volume 165 Issue 3 Pages 201-208
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTAKEUCHI, K., ABE, K., YASUJIMA, M., SATO, M., TANNO, M., SATO, K. and YOSHINAGA, K. No Adverse Effect of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, Sulindac and Diclofenac Sodium, on Blood Pressure Control with a Calcium Antagonist, Nifedipine, in Elderly Hypertensive Patients. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1991, 165 (3), 201-208-Effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug(NSAID) on blood pressure (BP) control was evaluated in elderly hypertensive patients treated with calcium antagonist. The study was based on a randomized, crossover design to compare the effect of an NSAID, sulindac, with that of another NSAID, diclofenac sodium, in the hypertension treatment. The study was completed in six elderly female subjects (the average age: 66±3 year) whose systolic BP and diastolic BP were more than 160mmHg and more than 95mmHg, respectively. When BP was controlled by nifedipine (20mg×2 per day in slow releasing form) within normal limits, sulindac (100mg×3 per day) or diclofenac sodium (25mg×3 per day) was administered for a week. After one week-washout period, the other NSAID was substituted. Plasma and urinary variables were measured on the final day of each study period. The average systolic BP and diastolic BP and the entry of study were 167±5mmHg and 93±5mmHg, respectively.Nifedipine significantly decreased the systolic BP to 140±4mmHg (p<0.02) and the diastolic BP to 84±4mmHg (p<0.05). Addition of either sulindac or diclofenac sodium did not affect BP, whereas urinary PGE2 excretion and plasma renin activity were significantly inhibited. Plasma creatinine and electrolyte concentration were not changed by the NSAIDs. The results indicate that either sulindac or diclofenac sodium does not interfere with control of hypertension by a calcium antagonist, nifedipine in elderly hypertensive patients. And, it is suggested that renal PGEs does not play an evident role in BP control with nifedipine.View full abstractDownload PDF (922K) -
AKIRA OHNEDA, KINUKO OHNEDA, MAKOTO OHNEDA, FUMIAKI KOIZUMI, SHINICHI ...1991 Volume 165 Issue 3 Pages 209-221
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOHNEDA, A., OHNEDA, K., OHNEDA, M., KOIZUMI, F., OHASHI, S., KAWAI, K. and SUZUKI, S. The Structure-Function Relationship of GLP-1 Related Peptides in the Endocrine Function of the Canine Pancreas. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1991, 165 (3), 209-221-In order to clarify the relationship between the structure and function of glucagon-like peptide (GLP) 1 in the endocrine function of the pancreas, the response of insulin and glucagon to various synthetic GLP-1-related peptides was investigated in anesthetized dogs. GLP-1-related peptides were administered in a dosage of 400 pmol within 10min into the pancreatic artery during glucose or arginine infusion and the changes in plasma insulin and glucagon in the pancreatic vein were studied. GLP-1 (7-36) and (7-37), as well as glucagon enhanced insulin release during glucose infusion, whereas neither GLP-1 (1-37), (7-20), (6-37) nor (8-37) stimulated insulin release. The administration of GLP-1 (1-37), (7-36) and (7-37) reduced glucagon release during glucose infusion. When arginine was infused, GLP-1(7-20), (7-36), (7-37), and glucagon enhanced insulin release. In contrast, glucagon release was increased by the administration of GLP-1 (7-20), (8-37), and (7-37). The present study indicates that histidine at the 7th position of GLP-1 is important in eliciting biological action and that only truncated GLP-1 (7-36), (7-37), and (7-20) showed an insulinotropic action as strong as glucagon in dogs. Furthermore, it is suggested that the response of insulin and glucagon to GLP-1-related peptides is dependent on a background condition.View full abstractDownload PDF (1206K) -
KATSUYOSHI MINEURA, ICHIRO IZUMI, KATSUO WATANABE, MASAYOSHI KOWADA1991 Volume 165 Issue 3 Pages 223-228
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMINEURA, K., IZUMI, I., WATANABE, K. and KOWADA, M. O6-Alkylguanine-DNA Alkyltransferase Activity in Human Brain Tumors. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1991, 165 (3), 223-228-It is well known that resistance in tumor cells toalkylating agents and, in particular, chloroethylnitrosoureas (CENUs), which are widely used in the chemotherapy of brain tumors, correlate well with activity of the DNA repair enzyme O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase (O6-AT). We measured O6-AT activity in human brain tumors in order to obtain basic knowledge of whether or not CENU chemotherapy can be applied selectively on brain tumors. The subjects included 17 gliomas (seven malignant astrocytomas, two glioblastomas, two medulloblastomas, two oligodendrogliomas, two ependymomas, one fibrillary astrocytoma, one primitive neuroectodermal tumor) and five non-glial tumors (three meningiomas, two neurinomas). The value of O6-AT activity for the gliomas varied widely and indicated 111±65 fmol of 3H-methyl adducts transferred /mg protein extract/hr (mean±S.D., range 0-258, 18 tumors), while the non-glial tumors showed a relatively high value of 270±43fmol/mg/hr (range 225-330, 5 tumors). A significant difference in the O6-AT activity was noted between the gliomas and the nonglial tumors at the p-value of 0.001. Six (38%) out of 17 glioma cases showed a value below 100fmol/mg/hr and four cases (24%) a value below 60fmol/mg/hr. These results provide a biological basis for applying CENU chemotherapy on glioma patients with a lower value of O6-AT enzyme.View full abstractDownload PDF (622K) -
TSUNEHARU BABA, TATSUHIKO KODAMA, TSUKIKO TOMIYAMA, NORIKO FUJITA, KAZ ...1991 Volume 165 Issue 3 Pages 229-235
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBABA, T., KODAMA, T., TOMIYAMA, T., FUJITA, N. and TAKEBE, K. Hyperinsulinemia and Blood Pressure in Non-obese Middle-aged Subjects with Normal Glucose Tolerance. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1991, 165 (3), 229-235-A possible link between hyperinsulinemia and blood pressure was studied in non-obese subjects with normal glucose tolerance. First, the responses in plasma glucose and serum insulin to an oral glucose load (75-g oral glucose tolerance test) were compared between 42 patients with essential hypertension and 93 normotensive control subjects. Second, of the 93 normotensive subjects, the relations of serum insulin levels to blood pressure, serum cholesterol, and triglycerides concentrations were assessed in 8 hyperinsulinemic (serum insulin level [during fasting, or after glucose loading, or both]>2 S.D. higher than the mean) and 8 pair-matched normoinsulinemic subjects (serum insulin level within 1 S.D, of the mean), individually matched for age, sex, and body mass index. Plasma glucose and serum insulin responses to the glucose load in hypertensive subjects were identical to the respective responses in normotensive subjects, while the mean total serum cholesterol level was slightly higher (p<0.05) in hypertensive subjects. The respective values for systolic and diastolic blood pressures, and total serum cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations were comparable in hyperinsulinemic and normoinsulinemic subjects. These results did not suggest a close association between hyperinsulinemia and elevated blood pressure in non-obese middle-aged Japanese subjects with normal glucose tolerance.View full abstractDownload PDF (652K) -
KENJI KAKIZAKI, HIDEMI YAMAUCHI1991 Volume 165 Issue 3 Pages 237-241
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSKAKIZAKI, K. and YAMAUCHI, H. Nuclear DNA Analysis of the Periampullary Carcinoma Using Cytologic Bile Specimens22. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1991, 165 (3), 237-238-DNA cytofluorometric analysis of carcinoma cells of the periampullary region was performed using cytologic bile specimens. The materials were obtained from three cases of obstructive jaundice through percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage tubes. The DNA ploidy histograms of bile samples could be evaluated as well as those of paraffin-embedded tissue samples. DNA analysis using cytologic bile specimens may reveal biological behavior of carcinoma cells and provide useful information for the choice of therapeutic interventions.View full abstractDownload PDF (620K) -
TADASHI KISHIMOTO, TAKASHI MORITA, YOSHIAKI OKAMIYA, KENJI HOSHINA, TO ...1991 Volume 165 Issue 3 Pages 243-245
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSKISHIMOTO, T., MORITA, T., OKAMIYA, Y., HOSHINA, K. and TAKESHITA, T. Effect of Clenbuterol on Contractile Response in Periurethral Striated Muscle of Rabbits. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1991, 165 (3), 243-245-The effect of Clenbuterol, a selective β2-adrenoceptor agonist, on isolated periurethral striated muscle preparations from rabbits has been investigated. The periurethral striated muscle produced a contraction in response to field stimulation. An application of Clenbuterol resulted in a dose-dependent potentiation of the field stimulation-induced contraction. This potentiation was antagonized by propranolol and was greater than that of isoproterenol, suggesting a β2-agonistic action.View full abstractDownload PDF (267K)
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