This paper reports the diagnosis of 73 cases of intrahepatic stone among 213 biliary calculi from the 517 ERC examinations in 708 successful cases of 957 consecutive ERCP examinations in 927 patients performed during the period from 1974 Feb. to 1978 Dec.at Taipei Municipal Jen-Ai Hospital. Distribution of biliary calculi studied by ERC in the 213 patients with biliary calculi indicated, 73 patients or 34.3 % with hepatolithiasis, 63 or 29.7 % with choledocholithiasis, 18 or 8.4 % with choledocholithiasis with cholecystolithiasis, and 50 or 27.6% with cholecystolithiasis. Their diagnostic accuracy was 87.7, 97.7, 88.9 and 64.4% respectively. The incidence of primary liver stone was 8.9%, (19 cases) and secondary liver stone, 25.4% (54 cases), and total hepatolithiasis, 34.3% (73 patients). The incidence of cholecystolithiasis was 40 .8% (87 cases), and choledocholithiasis, 58.6% (125 cases). According to the type and distribution of stone in the biliary trees, 73 cases of intrahepatic stone were classified into four types i. e. Type I L-lobe (L-IHD), Type II R-lobe (RIND), Type III L-R-Bil. lobe (L+R IHD) and Type IV L-R-BiI. lobe (L-IHD). Type I was more prevalent than Type II, though Type III was twice as many as Type I. Type IV with bilateral lobe stones arising from the left intrahepatic bile duct branch was peculiar and anatomically specific for primary liver stone. An analysis of incorrect diagnosis of intrahepatic stone of 13 cases demonstrated the causes due to the evidence of VCDF, duodenal diverticulum, compacted the ampulla of Vater stone, pneumobilia, non-visualization of gallbladder, non-visualization of left intrahepatic duct, nonvisualization of the right hepatic duct, an internal rotation of duodenal loop caused by duodenoscopy and technical failure, etc. Endoscopic cholangiographic classification for hepatocellular carcinoma of 32 cases, cholangiocellular carcinoma of 6, and extrahepatic bile duct cancer of 6 proved in the same period of 5 years was proposed for a differential diagnosis . Type I was cirrhotic type : Ia, Ib subtype, Type II icteric type: IIa CBD type, IIb hilar type, IIc gall stone type. Type III was intrahepatic obstruction type and Type IV : unable cannulation, huge hepatomegaly type.
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